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    【题目】与2014年相比，2015年上海市的常住人口减少了10.41万人，外来常住人口更是减少了14.77万人，这是近20年首次出现的人口负增长，调查发现减少的外来常住人口主要流向上海周边的中小城市，上海市已制定“十三五”期间人口增长由数量型向质量型转变的策略。据此完成下面小题。

    【1】导致2015年上海市外来常住人口减少的主要原因是近年来上海市

    A. 产业转型升级 B. 食品价格大增 C. 环境质量下降 D. 交通拥堵加重

    【2】上海市减少的外来常住人口多流向周边中小城市，主要原因是这些中小城市

    ①服务设施齐全 ②承接了上海市转移的产业 ③适宜就业机会多 ④生态环境好

    A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④

    【3】今后，上海市引进产业从业人员将主要分布在

    A. 资源密集型产业 B. 劳动密集型产业 C. 资金密集型产业 D. 知识密集型产业

    【答案】

    【1】A

    【2】C

    【3】D

    【解析】

    【1】上海经济发达，城市化水平高，产业结构升级后，第三产业和高新技术产业为该区域的主要产业，即以知识密集型产业为主，要求从业人员具有较高水平和技能，外来常住人口的总体素质达不到要求，因此慢慢减少。

    【2】上海市产业结构升级后，原有的劳动密集型产业向周边中小城市转移，中小城市有较多的就业机会，导致外来常住人口主要流向周边中小城市，故选C。

    【3】今后，上海市以第三产业和高新技术产业为主，因此从业人员将主要分布在技术知识密集型产业，故选D。

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