【题目】读“世界主要的火山、地震带示意图”,完成下列问题
写出图中字母所代表的板块名称: A ______ B ______ C _____
写出图中数字所代表的火山、地震带的名称:①_______;
我国是一个地震频发的国家,而澳大利亚大陆很少发生地震.请根据板块构造学说说明原因。
【答案】(1)A、 “太平洋板块”, B、“亚欧板块”, C、“印度洋板块”
(2)“环太平洋火山地震带”,
(3)我国位于亚欧板块、印度洋板块、太平洋板块的交界处,地壳活跃,多地震,而澳大利亚大陆地处印度洋板块内部,地壳比较稳定,因而很少发生地震.
【解析】整体分析:本题考查的是六大板块的划分和板块的运动形式相关知识,需要识记六大板块的划分,能够理解板块构造理论的实际运用。
(1)读图可知:板块学说认为,由岩石组成的地球表层并不是整体一块,而是分为六大板块,六大板块分别是亚欧板块、太平洋板块、非洲板块、印度洋板块、美洲板块和南极洲板块,其中A是太平洋板块; B是亚欧板块;C是印度洋板块。
(2)一般来说,板块的内部相对比较稳定,板块与板块的交界地带地壳活动活跃,多火山地震,读图可知:①代表的火山地震带是环太平洋火山地震带。
(3)一般来说,板块的内部相对比较稳定,板块与板块的交界地带地壳活动活跃,多火山地震,世界上的火山、地震,也集中分布在板块交界的地带,我国位于亚欧板块、印度洋板块、太平洋板块的交界处,地壳活动活跃,多地震,而澳大利亚大陆地处印度洋板块内部,地壳比较稳定,因而很少发生地震.
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