【题目】 2019年1月3日10时26分，我国嫦娥四号探测器自主着陆，实现人类探测器首次月背软着陆。我们探索认知宇宙的脚步一直未停。
据此回答下列各题
【1】下列不是指南北半球分界线的是（ ）
A. 0 °纬线B. 赤道C. 本初子午线D. 最长的纬线
【2】地球上有阳光直射的温度带是（ ）
A. 热带B. 北温带C. 南温带D. 寒带
【3】我国中小学放寒假时，南半球的澳大利亚处在（ ）
A. 春季B. 夏季C. 秋季D. 冬季
【4】下列现象中是由地球自转产生的是（ ）
A. 极夜现象B. 五带的划分C. 昼夜交替D. 四季变化
【5】地球仪上的纬线（ ）
A. 都是半圆B. 有无数条C. 长度相等D. 指示南北方向
【答案】
【1】C
【2】A
【3】B
【4】C
【5】B
【解析】
根据由于地球绕着太阳公转，产生了春、夏、秋、冬四季的变化，而且南北半球季节相反；地球绕地轴不停转动，叫地球自转。地球自转的方向是自西向东，自转的周期是一天。地球自转产生的现象是昼夜交替和时间差异；地球在自转的同时还要绕着太阳转动叫地球公转，地球公转的方向是自西向东，公转的周期是一年。地球围绕太阳公转产生了四季变化、正午太阳高度的变化、昼夜长短的变化以及地球五带等现象，进行分析解答。
【1】南北半球的划分是以0°纬线即赤道为界，赤道以北为北半球，以南为南半球。赤道是最长的纬线。本初子午线为0°经线。故选：C。
【2】五带中，热带有阳光直射现象，寒带有极昼极夜现象，温带既无阳光直射也无极昼极夜现象，四季变化明显。依据题意。故选：A。
【3】地球的公转产生了四季变化，且南北半球季节正好相反，当位于北半球的我国放寒假时，南半球就是放暑假，澳大利亚在南半球，为夏季。根据题意。故选：B。
【4】地球自转产生的现象是昼夜交替和时间差异；地球围绕太阳公转产生了四季变化、极昼极夜现象、昼夜长短的变化以及地球五带划分等现象。根据题意。故选：C。
【5】地球仪上的纬线，除了南北极点以外，都是圆圈；纬线指示东西方向；纬线圈的大小不等，赤道为最大的纬线圈，从赤道向两极纬线圈逐渐缩小，到南、北两极缩小为点。在地球仪上，纬线有无数条。故选：B。
考查地球自转公转的特点，经纬线的特点，五带的划分等。
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