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【题目】判断下列情况下物体的动能、重力势能、机械能的变化情况。(选填增大减小”“不变

l)在平直轨道上,列车从车站启动,动能 ,势能 ,机械能

2)站在匀速下降的电梯中的乘客,动能 ,势能 ,机械能

【答案】1)增大不变;增大.2不变;减小减小

【解析】

试题分析:动能与物体的质量和运动速度有关,质量越大,速度越快,动能就越大.

重力势能与物体的质量和高度有关,质量越大,高度越高,重力势能就越大.

机械能是动能和势能的总和.

列车从车站启动,速度增大,故动能增大列车在平直轨道上,高度不,故重力势能不变;动能增加,重力势能不变,故其总和机械能也在增大.

乘客是匀速下降,速度不变,故动能不变;电梯下降,高度减小,故重力势能减小;动能不变,重力势能减小,故其总和机械能也在减小

故答案为:(1)增大不变;增大.2不变;减小减小

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