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【题目】开放性试题。

2017年末宝鸡全市常住人口为378.10万人,2018年末为377.10万人,一年间常住人口净减少1万人,试简要分析人口减少原因和对宝鸡发展带来哪些不利的影响。

【答案】开放性试题答案仅供参考。由于宝鸡经济发展相对缓慢,人们工资收入相对较低,西安等周边核心城市经济发展程度高,收入水平也高,对宝鸡人才的形成了虹吸效应,造成人口的流失严重。宝鸡流失的人口多是年轻大学生(考大学)和有知识技能的人才,这将会严重影响宝鸡今后的经济发展,可能造成宝鸡经济发展更加落后,人才流失更严重的循环。

【解析】

我国的人口迁移主要经历了两个阶段:建国后到20世纪80年代中期我国人口迁移受计划经济的影响,有计划、有组织的迁移,迁移方向主要是由东部向内陆,由南向北。80年代中期以后,受国家改革开放政策的影响,人口大量由内陆迁往沿海经济发达地区,由农村流向城市。

人口的增长要与社会经济发展相适应,宝鸡人口的减少与当地的经济发展有密切关系,由于宝鸡经济发展相对缓慢,人们工资收入相对较低,西安等周边核心城市经济发展程度高,收入水平也高,对宝鸡人才的形成了虹吸效应,造成人口的流失严重。宝鸡流失的人口多是年轻大学生(考大学)和有知识技能的人才,这将会严重影响宝鸡今后的经济发展,可能造成宝鸡经济发展更加落后,人才流失更严重的循环。

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