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12.If you want to do a school project on children's rights(权利),you can look on the Internet for some information.A United Nations website can show you plenty of useful information for the project.
The United Nations lists the rights of children.Most countries agree all of them,but some countries do not.The following are some of the most important rights of children:
Children have the right to be properly fed,clothed and sheltered(庇护) by their family.If their family can't do so,the government should take responsibility.
Children have the right to an education and medical care,which should be provided by the government.
Children must not be cruelly punished(惩罚) by their parents or any others.
Children have the right to expect the government to protect them from all kinds of abuse(虐待) and neglect(忽略).
No child under fifteen should be made to fight in an army.
Children have the right to be protected from being made to work too hard to make money for other people.
In some countries children do not have these rights.Many young children are made to work long hours in factories and on farms.In some countries there are so few schools that only rich children get an education.There are not enough doctors or nurses to help many children when they are sick.
The rights of children are,therefore,the rights people think children should have.They are not always the rights children really have.

56.D agree with the United Nations'list of children's rights.
A.All countries     
B.A few countries
C.No countries
D.Most countries
57.The underlined word"responsibility"in the passage meansA.
A.something people have to do
B.something people want to do
C.something people know how to do
D.something people love to do
58.Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage?C
A.Parents should punish their children.
B.Children should make money for other people.
C.Governments should protect children from neglect.
D.Children under sixteen should not fight in an army.
59.Some children can't get an education becauseA.
A.there aren't enough schools
B.there are no schools
C.they come from rich families
D.they want to work in factories
60.What's the main idea of this passage?D
A.Children are made to work long hours on farms.
B.The United Nations website is useful for the school project.
C.Children have the right to be properly fed,clothed and sheltered.
D.The United Nations has listed the rights it thinks children should have.

分析 本文主要讲述了如何保护儿童的权利,如果你想去做一个关于儿童权利的项目,你可以查询联合国网站.联合国网站列出了许多儿童应有的权利.儿童有受家庭抚养和保护的权利;儿童有受教育和保护的权利;儿童不可以受到父母或者其他人的残酷惩罚.儿童有权利要求政府保护他们不受虐待和忽略.15岁以下儿童不可以参军;儿童受保护不去长时间劳作为他人赚钱.许多地方由于各方面的条件,做不到保护儿童的这些条例.

解答 56.D.细节理解题.根据文中的句子Most countries agree all of them,but some countries do not.可知大多数国家都同意儿童们的这些权利,但一些国家不同意.故选D.
57.A.词义猜测题.根据Children have the right to be properly fed,clothed and sheltered(庇护) by their family.If their family can't do so,the government should take responsibility.可知孩子们享受由家庭提供的温饱和庇护的权利,如果家庭不能做到这些,则政府应该承担…".在这里Responsibility是责任的意思.责任是必须做的事情.短语take responsibility意为"承担责任".故选A.
58.C.细节理解题. 根据Children have the right to expect the government to protect them from all kinds of abuse and neglect."可知孩子们有权利要求政府保护他们不受各种虐待和忽视,所以只有选项C的叙述正确.故选C.
59.A.细节理解题.根据文中句子In some countries there are so few schools that only rich children get an education.可知有些地区有太少的学校.故选A.
60.D.主旨大意题.根据The United Nations lists the rights of children.及The following are some of the most important rights of children可知文章主要围绕联合国列出的关于儿童权利的条例展开的.故选D.

点评 本篇是一篇政治经济类阅读短文.本文主要讲述了如何保护儿童的权利.题目涉及多种题型.做题前先把文章通读一遍了解其大意.再结合题目具体问题具体分析.比如细节理解题要从原文中找到相关的细节性的句子和选项结合得出答案.语义猜测题要联系前后句的语境;推理判断题要从原文中找到相关句子作为依据,在此基础上做出合理的分析判断;主旨大意题要从总体上把握文章内容,或抓住中心句.归纳起来,这些所有的题型都必须建立在对原文理解透彻的基础上.

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