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    One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations (适应能力) was Charles Darwin (达尔文). He was born in England in 1809. He wasn't the best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing (观察) nature more than attending medical classes and dropped out(辍学) without graduating.
    Next, Charles' father sent him to school to become a minister (牧师). This time he made it to graduation. But he didn't want to do the work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.
    After graduation, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist. He wasn't the first choice, but he was the lucky one to go. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. The crew's task was to make maps of the places they visited.
    On December 27th, 1831 Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to study.
    Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring (后代). Darwin’s ideas about adaptations are still very important to the study of living things.
    小题1:Darwin was very interested in _____.
    A．attending medical classesB．the work of a minister
    C．sailing around the worldD．science
    小题2:The Beagle was a(an) _____.
    A．shipB．planeC．plantD．animal
    小题3:When Darwin published the scientific paper, he was _____ years old.
    A．twenty-threeB．twenty-twoC．forty-fiveD．fifty
    小题4:The underlined word "they" in the last paragraph refers to (指的是) _____.
    A．adaptationsB．Darwin and Wallace
    C．animalsD．Darwin's ideas
    小题5:Which of the following is true?
    A．Darwin graduated from a medical school.
    B．Some animals have adaptations so that they can survive.
    C．Darwin published a scientific paper by himself.
    D．Darwin was first chosen to sail on the Beagle.

    小题1:D
    小题2:A
    小题3:C
    小题4:A
    小题5:B

    试题分析：本文叙述了达尔文在上学时因为对父亲安排的学校的学习不感兴趣，自己在朋友的鼓励下，开始研究科学，进行了5年的一次航行，看到许多了不同种类的动植物，并把它们带回到英国进行研究，45岁的时候发表了论文。
    小题1:细节理解题。根据His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science. 达尔文对科学感兴趣，故选D。
    小题2:推理判断题。根据After graduation, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist.可知Beagle 应该是一个船的名字，故选A。
    小题3:数字计算题。根据On December 27th, 1831 Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. 因为达尔文出生在1809，1831年他22岁的时候开始航行，23年后他45岁发表论文，故选C。
    小题4:词义猜测题。根据Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive.可知指的是动物的适应能力，故选A。
    小题5:细节理解题。根据Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive 一些动物有适应能力来维持生存，故选B。
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