Question

【题目】 One Monday morning, Paul and his classmates were in the science laboratory for their chemistry lesson. The students were going to work in pairs to do an experiment. Before they began, the teacher gave them this description of the different stages of the experiment.

Stage 1: Prepare the equipment: a test tube, a crucible（坩埚）, a Bunsen burner（煤气灯）and tongs（钳子）.

Stage 2: Weigh 5 grams of baking soda (小苏打) and put it in a crucible.

Stage 3: Heat 10 ml of hydrochloric acid (盐酸) in a test tube.

Stage 4: Pour the warm acid onto the baking soda and continue to heat the mixture.

Result: The acid reacts with the bicarbonate（碳酸氢盐）to form water, carbon dioxide gas and salt.

The hotter the mixture, the quicker the reaction. Continue to heat the mixture until the water evaporates（蒸发）, leaving the salt in the crucible.

Paul and his partner followed the instructions and set up their equipment. Paul went to the cupboard to get a bottle of hydrochloric acid. He found that there was only one bottle in the cupboard so he took that. There was no label on the bottle and Paul didn’t check with the teacher if it was the right solution(溶液).

He measured the liquid and poured it into a test tube. Using tongs to hold the test tube, he heated it over the Bunsen burner. That’s when things started to go wrong. The liquid in the test tube was not hydrochloric acid. When it was heated, it formed a thick cloud of white gas. Soon the room was full of this strong smelling white gas.

All the students started coughing and their eyes hurt. The teacher immediately opened the windows and ordered the students to leave the laboratory at once. She realized that the liquid was acrylamide (丙烯酰胺) and that it is poisonous.

Fortunately, nobody was injured in the incident. However, it taught the students and the teacher a good lesson.

【1】The teacher and her students planned to make ________ in the experiment.

A.waterB.saltC.acrylamideD.carbon dioxide gas

【2】How can they make the reaction quicker?

A.By putting more hydrochloric acid.B.By heating the hydrochloric acid.

C.By making the water cooler.D.By making the mixture hotter.

【3】Why did Paul make the mistake?

A.There was only one bottle.B.His partner didn’t help him check it.

C.There was no label on the bottle.D.He didn’t pick the right one out of the bottles.

【4】What happened when Paul heated the liquid?

A.His teacher ordered him to stop it at once.B.The white poisonous gas was formed.

C.All the students left the lab at once.D.Someone was injured in the accident.

【5】What lesson did the incident teach the student and the teacher?

A.Never leave a bottle without a label in the chemistry lab.

B.Obey your teacher’s instructions in the chemistry lab.

C.Acrylamide can’t take the place of hydrochloric acid.

D.While something unusual happened, leave the lab at once.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【4】B

【5】A

【解析】

这篇短文主要讲述了一天上午，Paul和同学们在科学实验室上化学实验课。同学们在老师的指导下分组进行实验。Paul误用了一个没有贴标签瓶子里的液体，结果出现了意外，丙烯酰胺反应后生成了有毒的气体。

【1】细节理解。根据文中Result: The acid reacts with the bicarbonate（碳酸氢盐）to form water, carbon dioxide gas and salt.可知，老师和她的学生计划在实验中做盐。故选B。

【2】细节理解。根据文中The hotter the mixture, the quicker the reaction.可知，通过使混合物变热。故选D。

【3】细节理解。根据文中He found that there was only one bottle in the cupboard so he took that. There was no label on the bottle and Paul didn’t check with the teacher if it was the right solution(溶液).可知，他发现柜子里只有一瓶酒，就拿走了。瓶子上没有标签，保罗也没有和老师核对这是否是正确的解决方案。故选C。

【4】细节理解。根据文中That’s when things started to go wrong. The liquid in the test tube was not hydrochloric acid. When it was heated, it formed a thick cloud of white gas.可知，白色有毒气体形成。故选B。

【5】主旨大意。根据文中Never leave a bottle without a label in the chemistry lab.可知，不要把没有标签的瓶子留在化学实验室里。故选A。

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2、仔细研读语段，整体感知文章内容。通常阅读一篇文章，第一遍需要速读，首先要重点理解文章的体裁是记叙文还是说明文。答题时切忌文章都没完整的阅读过，就匆匆忙忙地写答案。最好先把文章从头到尾通读一遍，对文章有一个整体的认识和理解。

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如第4小题细节理解。根据文中That’s when things started to go wrong. The liquid in the test tube was not hydrochloric acid. When it was heated, it formed a thick cloud of white gas.可知，白色有毒气体形成。故选B。