【题目】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内客(1个单词)或用括号内所络单词的正确形式填空(1-3个单词)或根据音标填词。
World famous scientist Stephen Hawking(霍金) died 【1】 the age of seventy-six in his home in Cambridge, England on March 14. British Prime Minister Theresa May said Hawking was one of【2】( great) scientists of his time. She also said, “His achievements will not【3】( forget).”
Hawking was one of the most respected scientists in the modern history of【4】/ 'fiziks/. Because of an uncommon disease(疾病) , he was kept to a wheelchair.【5】, the disease did not stop Hawking from studying. He used every new day that life offered【6】(continue) his research of the universe(宇宙). He said, “Where there is life, there is hope.” He developed 【7】way of thinking about problems in his mind to reach a solution.
This way of thinking has led to his important discoveries. He was【8】(one) person to present the idea of some special energy in the universe. At the same time, Hawking tried to explain many of these difficult【9】(science) ideas to more people. He【10】(write) several popular science books, including the bestseller A Brief History of Time which made him a household(家喻户晓的) name.
Stephen Hawking spent his whole life understanding the universe. He is, no doubt , a legendary(传奇的) scientist of all time.
【答案】
【1】at
【2】the greatest
【3】be forgotten
【4】physics
【5】However
【6】to continue
【7】a
【8】the first
【9】scientific
【10】wrote
【解析】
这篇短文给我们介绍了著名的科学家斯蒂芬霍金,虽然他患有一种少见的疾病,只能呆在轮椅上,但是他没有停止对宇宙的研究,取得了巨大的成就。今年3月14日,霍金去世,享年76岁。
【1】句意:世界著名科学家斯蒂芬霍金于3月14日在英国剑桥的家中去世,享年76岁。这里考查的是一个固定短语at the age of…在…岁的时候,故应填介词at。
【2】句意:英国首相特蕾莎梅说霍金是他那个时代最伟大的科学家之一。great伟大的,是一个形容词。这里使用的句型是one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数,“最…的之一”,因此这里应填形容词的最高级greatest,最伟大的。
【3】句意:她还说:“他的成就将永远不会被忘记”。forget忘记,是一个动词。根据句意可知,这句话使用的是一般将来时态,且句子的主语His achievements与动词forget构成被动关系,应使用被动语态,其构成是will be+过去分词,故这里填be forgotten。
【4】句意:霍金是现代物理史最受尊敬的科学家之一。根据所给单词的音标可知,这里应填单词physics,是一个名词,意思是“物理”。
【5】句意:然而,这个疾病并没有阻止霍金的研究。根据上句话Because of an uncommon disease(疾病) , he was kept to a wheelchair.可知,霍金患有一种很少见的疾病,只能坐在轮椅上;而这句话说the disease did not stop Hawking from studying.,疾病并没有阻止他的研究。因此这两句话之间是转折的关系,故填However,然而,是一个表示转折的副词。
【6】句意:他利用生命提供的每一天继续他对宇宙的研究。continue继续,是一个动词。根据句子结构可知,这里…his research of the universe表示的是目的,“为了…”,故这里填动词不定式形式to continue,在句中作目的状语。
【7】句意:他想出了一种思考问题的方法来解决问题。空后way是一个名词的单数形式,故这里应填不定冠词a,表示“一种…的方法”。
【8】句意:他是第一个提出在宇宙中有某种特殊能量这一想法的人。one是基数词,“一”,根据句意可知,这里表示的是“第一个做某事的人”,故这里应填序数词first,使用的句型是the first to do sth.第一个做某事的人。
【9】句意:同时,霍金努力地把这些难理解的科学想法解释给更多的人。science科学,是一个名词。这个空后面ideas是名词,因此这里应填形容词形式,作定语,修饰名词。scientific科学的,是形容词。
【10】句意:他写了很多受欢迎的科学书籍,包括最畅销的《时间简史》,这本书使他成为了家喻户晓的人。write写,是一个动词。根据文意可知,这里介绍的是科学家霍金的成就,都使用了一般过去时态,因此这里应填过去式wrote。
这篇短文给我们介绍了伟大的科学家斯蒂芬霍金的成就。短文涉及的人物是学生们比较熟悉的,在日常生活中,学生们可能对霍金有一定的了解,这对于他们了解文意是非常有帮助的。题型是语法填空,考查学生们对文章大意的把握和单词在具体语境中的用法。语法填空考查的形式有两种:一种是根据文意填空,空后没有提示词,这时常考查虚词的用法,如冠词、介词、连词等;另一种是在空后给出提示词,我们需要用单词的正确形式来填空。这时考查的常常是实词的用法,如名词单复数、动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的词性转化等等。例如第1小题,考查了固定短语at the age of…在…岁的时候,因此这里填介词at。再如第3小题,这句话使用了一般将来时态,且句子的主语His achievements与动词forget构成被动关系,应使用被动语态,一般将来时被动语态的构成是will be+过去分词,故这里填be forgotten。
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