American people like to say “ Thank you” when others help them or say something kind to them. People of many countries do so, too. It is a very good habit(习惯).
You should say “Thank you” when someone passes you the salt on the table, when someone walking ahead of you keeps the door open for you, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing, or your city is very beautiful. “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters.
“Excuse me” is another short sentence they use. When you hear someone say so behind you,
you know that somebody wants to walk past you without touching you. It’s not polite to break others when they are talking. If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking. You should also do so when you begin to cough or make any noise before others.
Let’s learn to say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”.
【小题1】You should say “Thank you” when______.
| A．you say something kind to others |
| B．you help others |
| C．someone helps you |
| D．you need others to help you |
| A．widely used in the world |
| B．used more often than “Excuse me” |
| C．used only by Americans |
| D．used only between friends |
| A．cough | B．make some noise | C．go first | D．all the above |
| A．Thank you | B．That’s very kind of you |
| C．Excuse me | D．I’m sorry |
| A．to be happy | B．to be polite |
| C．to help others | D．to learn from Americans |
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】D
【小题4】C
【小题5】B
解析试题分析：美国人喜欢说“谢谢你”当其他人帮助他们或者向他们说赞扬。许多国家的人也这样做。这是一个非常好的习惯。你应该说“谢谢你”当有人递给你盐时，当有人在你之前为你打开门，当有人说你的工作做得好，或你买了好东西，或者你所居住的城市非常美丽。“谢谢你”不仅仅是朋友之间，而且父母与子女之间，兄弟姐妹。“对不起”是一个短短的一句话。你知道有人想走过去，不能不碰到你。打断别人的讲话这是不礼貌。如果你想跟他们其中的一个，说“对不起”，再开始说话。当你开始咳嗽或作出任何噪音之前等等，你也应该这么做。让我们学会说“谢谢”、“对不起”。
【小题1】细节理解题。问题：在什么时候你要说“谢谢”？原句：American people like to say “ Thank you” when others help them or say something kind to them.句意：美国人喜欢说“谢谢你”当其他人帮助他们或者向他们说赞扬。得知是别人帮助你时，故选C。
【小题2】细节理解题。问题：通过短文我们知道“谢谢”的运用范围？通过全文与日常生活中实际得知，“谢谢”是全世界的语言，故选 A。
【小题3】细节理解题。问题：如果你想做什么时，你应该说“对不起”？原文：you know that somebody wants to walk past you without touching you. It’s not polite to break others when they are talking. If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking. You should also do so when you begin to cough or make any noise before others.句意：你知道有人想走过去，不能不碰到你。打断别人的讲话这是不礼貌。如果你想跟他们其中的一个，说“对不起”，再开始说话。当你开始咳嗽或作出任何噪音之前等等，你也应该这么做。从中得知，选项中前三项都符合题意，第四项为前者都对，故选D。
【小题4】细节理解题。问题：当你将要去问某人，请告诉你的路，你应该说什么？原句 If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking.句意： 如果你想跟他们其中的一个，说“对不起”，再开始说话。故选C。
【小题5】细节理解题。问题：这篇短文告诉我们什么？在通读全文中明确都是讲述关于“谢谢”，“对不起”都是关于礼貌的，故选B。
考点：社会现象类阅读。
津桥教育计算小状元系列答案科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Bai Yansong, a famous TV host, expressed his support for students wearing green scarves (绿领巾) at a primary school in Xi’an. He wore a green tie on a TV program on October 19, 2011. “I just want the students to know that I’m also wearing green. And we are all great people and are as good as those wearing red scarves.”
The First Experimental Primary School in Xi’an made children with poor schoolwork and behavior wear green scarves. Parents whose children wore green scarves were angry. “The children still need their self-esteem (自尊心) even though they are very young, and they know the green scarf means something is not quite right,” said one mother. Now, the school has stopped the practice.
Educational expert Li Zhenxi said that primary and junior high school students have strong self-esteem. They are eager to be respected and understood. Punishment will hurt them. “It’s better to encourage them rather than separating some ‘bad’ students,” he said.
A survey made by the Ministry of Education (教育部) shows that 75 percent of students feel nervous and scared when the teacher is about to announce their grades. Some schools have done better in protecting students’ privacy and encouraging them. In American schools, teachers post test results on the wall. Instead of using student names, they use secret numbers. This way, students know their secret numbers and can check their own grades only. Some teachers might call the students up to the desk and tell them their scores one at a time.
But test scores are not the only measures of a student’s ability. Everyone has his own strengths and everyone can make great progress by working hard.
【小题1】Bai Yansong wore a green tie in a TV program in order to _______.
| A．show people his special dressing style |
| B．call on people to live a green life |
| C．tell students green-scarf students are also good students |
| D．remind students wearing green scarves means being bad |
| A．Because their children did do well at school. |
| B．Because they thought the school didn’t have the right. |
| C．Because it was against the law. |
| D．Because it hurts their children’s self-esteem. |
| A．Primary school students are too young to know what self-esteem is. |
| B．Separating some “bad” students helps create good learning environment. |
| C．Most “good” students like their teachers to announce their scores. |
| D．Using secret numbers instead of students’ names can protect their privacy better. |
| A．The green scarves system can make students work hard. |
| B．Student’s ability should not be measured only by test scores. |
| C．Students who get low marks should use secret numbers. |
| D．Teachers should tell students their scores secretly one by one. |
| A．长度 | B．尺度 |
| C．方法 | D．标准 |
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
On February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris. She reached into her change purse, emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this small generous act would change their lives. 
Sarah didn’t realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring that she had put in her change purse earlier until the following morning. She and her husband, Bill Krejci, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, he also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had.
Bob Krejci, a web designer, felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over $85,000 and there seems to be no end yet.
That is not enough. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets. And that’s not all—Thanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother, Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.
All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing—returning something that did not belong to him.
【小题1】When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring?
| A．On February 9th, 2013 | B．On February 10th, 2013 |
| C．On February 18th, 2013 | D．On February 22nd 2013 |
| A．returning the ring | B．setting up a page |
| C．living in the streets | D．receiving money |
| A．Generous Woman Changed Her Own Life |
| B．Kind Man Set Up Special Page |
| C．Homeless Man Returned Diamond Ring |
| D．Many People Donated Much Money |
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Each nation has many good people who help to take care of others．For example，some high school and college students in the U.S.A. often spend many hours as volunteers in the hospitals，orphanages（孤儿院）or rest homes．They read books to the people in these places，or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems．
Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old．They paint，clean up or repair their houses，do their shopping or mow（割；修剪）their lawns．For boys who no longer have fathers，there is an organization called Big Brothers．College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or fishing trip and help them get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers．
Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go to play games．Some of these clubs show films or organize short trips to the mountains or some places of interest．Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to know the problems and needs of young boys and girls．
Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others．
根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。
【小题1】In America，it takes most of high school and college students little time to be volunteers in hospitals，orphanages or rest homes.
【小题2】Some young volunteers can go and play in the homes of people who are sick or old.
【小题3】If a boy has no father，he can get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers in an organization called Big Brothers.
【小题4】Most of the clubs don’t like to use the high school or college students as volunteers because they’re too young to remember anything.
【小题5】If you bring happiness to others，you will feel happy too.
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Thousands of teenagers will be able to move to a new wave of “studio schools” at the age of 14 to improve their chances of finding a job in UK. Twelve new-style schools are open to act as a bridge to the workplace and cut the number of NEETs.
Under plans, schools will operate longer days and work outside standard school terms.
Each teenager will be expected to spend between four hours and two days a week on work placements with business related to the school and a personal coach will be sent to the teenagers to act as a school “line manager”.
The reforms (改革) are put forward because of the fears that too many teenagers are finishing full-time education at present but they are short of the skills needed to succeed in the workplace. According to a recent report, more than two thirds of employers (雇主) believe school and college leavers have less important employability skills, while 55% say they are unable to manage their time or daily routine. And the number of NEETs who are not in education has hit a record high, with almost one-in-five young people being left without a job or a training place.
The Department for Education will tell the public the building of 12 studio schools – providing for around 3,600 teenagers – in areas such as Liverpool, Stevenage, Stock-on-Trent and Fulham, west London. Each one will be connected to the local employers. Under plans, teenagers will be able to move out of ordinary schools to attend them between the ages of 14 and 19.
The government said all subjects would be taught “through projects, often prepared with employers” – with rules such as science being connected directly to local engineering companies or hospitals. Schools will operate a longer day to give teenagers a better understanding of the needs of the workplace. Along with their studies, students will carry out work placements for four hours a week, rising to two days a week of paid work for those aged 16 to 19. They will also get the chance to take professional qualifications (专业资历) connected directly to the needs of local employers.
【小题1】According to the passage, NEETs refer to those who ______.
| A．often miss classes from studio school |
| B．prefer studio schools to ordinary schools |
| C．refuse to take any part-time job after school |
| D．are not in education, employment or training |
| A．skills to finish full-time education |
| B．personal coaches to help with the work |
| C．chances to get future jobs with job training |
| D．jobs to make money without going outside |
| A．The worry about educated teenagers short of working skills. |
| B．The doubt about whether full-time education is perfect. |
| C．The decision to solve the problems of unemployment. |
| D．The increasing number of teens who drop out early. |
| A．Studio schools are popular in UK at present. |
| B．More NEETs will find jobs from Studio schools. |
| C．Teenagers will get jobs without full-time education. |
| D．Studio schools are built to improve teens’ employability skills. |
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Do you like to sit in front of the computer and play computer games hour after hour? Have you ever thought of what that may be doing to your health? More and more children are becoming overweight(肥胖的) and growing less creative because they spend too much time in front of the computer according to a survey.
Last week Child Protective Services(儿童保护组织)in America organized an activity. The aim of the activity was to encourage children to do some outdoor activities instead of playing computer games at home. Many American children spend about 1,000 hours a year playing computer games — more time than they spend in school. As a result, they are overweight. Some of them have very poor eyesight, and they can’t see clearly.
Everyone should pay attention to his health and try to keep healthy. The doctor says that the longer children play computer games, the more overweight they may become. And the junk food children eat while they’re playing computer games makes the weight problem more serious.
To keep fit, children need to take exercise regularly, play outside with friends, and explore the world around them. Can you spend two weeks without playing computer games? It might be difficult for computer lovers, but why not have a try?
【小题1】Children may become______ if they play computer games all day.
| A．much younger | B．much lighter | C．less creative | D．less careful |
| A．less than 1,000 | B．more than 1,200 | C．about 1,500 | D．about 2,000 |
| A．凝聚力 | B．想象力 | C．记忆力 | D．视力 |
| A．Playing computer games has caused some health problems. |
| B．Playing computer games can make children cleverer and more creative. |
| C．Child Protective Services in America organized an activity for parents. |
| D．Child Protective Services asked children to study at home and not to play outdoors. |
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Recently, an Internet game has become a new fashion among young office workers and students. People can "farm" on a piece of "land" and "grow", "sell" or even "steal" "vegetables", "flowers", and "fruits" on the Internet. They can earn some e-money and buy some "seeds", "pets" and even "houses".
Joyce interviewed some young people. Here are their opinions.
Harold: I don't quite understand why they are so mad about the childish game. Maybe they are just not confident enough to face the real world.
Allan: I enjoy putting some "bugs" in my friends' garden and we've become closer because of the game. Having fun together is the most exciting thing about it.
Laura: You know, people in the city are longing for the life in the countryside, It reduces（减少）my work pressure; besides, it gives me the exciting experience of becoming a "thief".
Ivy: Well, it's just a waste of time. Teenagers playing the game spend so many hours on it that they cannot focus on（专注）their study.
【小题1】According to the passage, people cannot things in this game.
| A．grow | B．borrow | C．steal | D．sell |
| A．Laura; Allan | B．Allan; Harold |
| C．Harold; Ivy | D．Ivy; Allan |
| A．a student | B．an office worker | C．a farmer | D．a thief |
| A．They are longing for country life. |
| B．They can have fun with friends. |
| C．The game can relax people and give them a new experience. |
| D．They are confident enough to face the real world. |
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Hello! The Generation 90s is coming!
Wearing earphones, using net language and text messaging, the Gen – 90s following the Gen – 80s begin to make their world debut(初次露面).
Each generation or age group has its own symbols and lifestyle. Read and judge for yourself if you fit the Gen – 90s profile(形象).
Earphones
These little earphones seem to grow on the heads of the Gen – 90s. They might lead to MP4, MP5 or Iphone players and are used to listen to pop songs. But too much time on earphones is bad for ears.
Martian(火星的) Language
They have created their own online language. It’s a mixture of English, Japanese and Chinese that perhaps only Martians can understand. This is a generation full of imagination. But try not to use them when writing compositions. Teacher may get annoyed.
Self – Portrait(自我)
Saying “cheese” to their own cameras is common for this generation. A little bit of narcissism(自恋) never hurts anyone. It helps them reflect(反映) a little on their own lives. But be careful not to put all private photos online.
Text – Messaging
They can type their mobile phones as fast as they can speak. However, oral communication is important and will never go out of style.
【小题1】The readers of the passage maybe_______.
| A．Teens | B．Educators | C．Socialists | D．Parents |
| A．one | B．two | C．three | D．four |
| A．the Gen-90s’ happy life |
| B．the difference between the Gen-80s and the Gen-90s |
| C．the Gen-90s’ lifestyle and some useful advice for them |
| D．the similarities between the Gen-80s and the Gen-90s |
| A．Li Hua likes dancing and always wears beautiful dresses. |
| B．Zhang Chao speaks English and Japanese very well. |
| C．Lily is a shy girl and she doesn’t like making friends. |
| D．Fangfang likes taking photos of her own and often put them online. |
| A．By making comparisons(比较). |
| B．By showing a topic and giving explanations(解释). |
| C．By using famous people’s words. |
| D．By listing data(数据). |
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科目：初中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Almost every Chinese person can recite(背诵) the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work ”. But sadly, many of us don’t actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste food.
A CCTV program reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? Absolutely not. According to the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2011, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year.
Chinese people are well-known for being friendly and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table. Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. What should we do in our daily lives to waste less food?
1. Don’t order too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you cannot eat all the food you ordered, take the rest of it home.
2.Don’t leave any food in your bowls, while having meals
3. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.
【小题1】What’s the real meaning of the underlined sentence?
| A．春种一粒粟，秋收万颗籽。 | B．谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦。 |
| C．吏禄三百石，岁晏有余粮。 | D．足蒸暑土气，背灼炎天光。 |
| A．6 million. | B．925 million. | C．200 million. | D．725 million. |
| A．Order more food in a restaurant. |
| B．Every time you eat, leave some food in your bowls. |
| C．Take all the food you ordered home. |
| D．Don’t store too much food like vegetables and fruit. |
| A．A number of people have realized the importance of saving food. |
| B．The food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. |
| C．200 million children die of hunger every year. |
| D．Many Chinese feel that they lose face if guests have eaten all the food on the table. |
| A．Don’t waste food. |
| B．Chinese people are friendly and generous. |
| C．We can’t die of hunger. |
| D．Every grain is grown by farmers. |
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