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When people talk about air pollution, they are usually thinking about outdoor air  1 . But do you know that there is    2  air pollution inside homes, offices, hotels and other buildings? The air in your home can be 2 to 100 times more polluted than the air outdoors! In fact, some American doctors say that 50% of illnesses have   3   to do with polluted indoor air.

A lot of pollution comes from indoor activities   4   smoking and cooking. As most people    5   about 80-90% of their time inside buildings, it is important to take indoor air pollution seriously, too.

Air pollution influences our health   6 . When the air is polluted, not only young children and old people suffer from it,   7  people with health problems suffer as well. Indoor air pollution can   8  people's eyes, noses and throats. Air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, can also lead to lung cancer(肺癌)and heart disease! In the great London fog in 1952, 4,000 people died in a few days   9  the pollution!   10  is said that half a million young children and women die each year in India because of indoor air pollution!

1.                A.pollution        B.sadness         C.illness    D.business

 

2.                A.too            B.none           C.also  D.neither

 

3.                A.nothing         B.everything      C.something     D.anything

 

4.                A.as well as       B.such as         C.instead of D.for example

 

5.                A.take           B.cost            C.give D.spend

 

6.                A.in many ways    B.in many things    C.in many houses     D.by the way

 

7.                A.and            B.but            C.or   D.until

 

8.                A.hit            B.hurt           C.polluted  D.destroyed

 

9.                A.because of      B.thanks to        C.related to     D.or

 

10.               A.This           B.That           C.What D.It

 

 

【答案】

1.A

2.C

3.C

4.B

5.D

6.A

7.B

8.B

9.A

10.D

【解析】

试题分析:这篇短文重点描述的是室内空气污染的危害。

1.联系后一句描述,可知此处指的是室外空气污染,故选A,污染。

2.联系前一句描述,可知此处指的是室内也有污染。Too一般用于肯定句尾,also常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前,故选C,也。

3.不定代词辨析。something一些东西,一般用于肯定句及表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中;anything也是表示一些东西,任何东西,一般用于否定及疑问句中。Nothing没有东西,用于肯定句表示否定含义;everything每件东西;结合语境可知此处指的是百分之五十的疾病与室内污染有关。短语have something to do with与……有关。故选C。

4.联系下文内容,可知此处是进行举例,在表示“例如”这一含义时,for example强调“举例”说明,而且一般只举同类人或物中的一个作为插入语,且用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末。such as用来“罗列”同类人或物中的几个例子,可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,但其后边不能用逗号。故选B。

5.动词辨析。:take 用于 it takes sb ... to do sth句型,仅指花费时间(three hours等),必须用it作形式主语,指代下文不定式内容;spend用于sb spend...on sth或者sb spend...in doing sth(in可以省略),spend的主语必须是人,可以指花费时间、也可以指花费金钱;cost用于 sth costs sb sth,主语必须是物,多指花费金钱,少数情况可指花费时间、气力,有时表示成本的消耗;pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。 (2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。结合语境可知指的是大部分人在室内花费他们大约80-90% 的时间。主语是人,故选D。

6.短语辨析。A. 在许多方面;B.在很多事情;C.在许多房子里面;D顺便说说,在路上。结合语境可知此处指的是空气污染在许多方面影响我们的健康。故选A。

7.联系前文,可知前后为转折关系,故选B,但是有健康问题的人们也要经受这些问题。

8.动词辨析。A. 打击,碰撞;B. 伤害;C. 污染;D. 破坏,毁坏。结合语境可知此处指的是室内空气污染能伤害人们的眼睛,鼻子和嗓子。故选B。

9.短语辨析。A. 因为,由于;B. 由于,幸亏;C. 与……有关;D.或者,否则。结合语境可知此处指的是由于污染死了4000人. .thanks to “由于或因为某人(某事)”,通常用于好的方面,故选A。

10.考察强调句式。本句中it做形式主语,指代下文从句内容,其它选项无此用法,故选D。

考点:关于室内空气污染的说明文

点评:这篇短文内容比较简单,理解不难。各小题与上下文联系比较紧密,答题中一定要注意联系上下文。答完后多读几遍,看看是否符合逻辑,适当修改。个别小题可以当作单独的词义辨析题来做,先区分词义,结合语境选出最能使语句通顺的答案。

 

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