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阅读材料,回答问题。(6分)

材料一:在广袤的亚马孙河流域分布着地球上面积最大的热带雨林,其中60%在巴西境内。热带雨林具有巨大的环境效益和经济效益,一直受到世人的关注。

从20世纪60年代开始,巴西大规模开发亚马孙地区,在热带雨林修建公路,开辟大型的农场和牧场,采矿,办工厂,建城镇……亚马孙热带雨林遭受到了前所未有的破坏,不仅对巴西本土的环境造成影响,如水土流失加剧、生物多样性锐减,而且影响全球的气候。

面对开发热带雨林产生的问题,巴西政府采取各种措施,加强对雨林的保护。虽然人们的环保意识日益提高,但是非法砍伐的现象始终存在。

 

 

 

材料二:2014年世界环境日(6月5日)的主题是:“提高你的呼声,而不是海平面(Raise your voice not the sea level)”。全球变暖是当今世界面临的重要问题,大气中的二氧化碳等温室气体的增多,除了人类大量的排放因素外,就是绿色植被锐减,主要是森林资源被破坏。

(1)全世界都希望巴西保护的资源是:

(2)热带雨林的环境效益有: ;(两点)

(3)森林被破坏引发的问题有: (一点即可);

(4)今年的世界环境日的主题是:

(5)为了保护人类唯一的家园,作为中学生的你们应该怎样做?

        

 

(1)热带雨林

(2)合理即可

(3)合理即可

(4)提高你的呼声,而不是海平面

(5)合理即可

【解析】

试题分析:

(1)巴西的亚马孙平原分布有世界最大的热带雨林,因为热带雨林可以提供大量木材水;还具有涵养水源、保护土壤、防止水土流失、净化空气等环境效应,全世界都希望巴西保护的自然资源是热带雨林。

(2)热带雨林区,有“地球之肺”之称,具有涵养水源、保护土壤、防止水土流失、净化空气等环境效应。

(3)森林破坏能够产生一系列的问题,如导致土地沙化,沙尘暴多发,生态环境急剧恶化等,给人类生存环境造成极大威胁。

(4)根据材料二可知:2014年世界环境日(6月5日)的主题是:“提高你的呼声,而不是海平面(Raise your voice not the sea level)”。

(5)地球是我们唯一的家园,我们要保护她,环境保护可以体现在方方面面,如:安全合理使用源,利用水力、风力发电,植树造林,不随便排放污水,减少二氧化碳排放量等。

考点:西半球的国家巴西。

 

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