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    There are about 80.000.000 mines under the ground in more than 60 countries. It is difficult and dangerous to clear these mines.About 50 people including many children were killed or hurt each day.In 2003，APOPO，a Duch research company that trains the animals,came up with the idea of using rats to search for the mines.
    The animal trainers found that a kind of rats from Africa were clever and had a sharp sense of smell.The rats were about 75 cm long and weighted about 1.35 kg.light enough to run across a minefield without setting off the mines.
    In January 2004，the  APOPO startec this preject.First ,the trainers let the 4-week-old baby rats get familier with humans. A few weeks later，the rats were no longer afraid of people and the things around them.Then they were trained to connect a click sound with food.After the rats had learned that ,the trainers then taught them to tell the different between the smell of mines and other smells.When the rats could do it，the click was sounded and they were given a bit of bananas.The method was called clicker training.“The training isn’t easy.”said the trainer Adulish Mebomvu.“You have to be patient.Sometimes I get angry,but then again.I tell myself these are animals.”
    After nine months’ training,the rats were taken to 4 minefield. They ran across the minefield ,stopped, sat and searched the ground to tell the deminers that they smelt out a mine. Then the mine was cleared.It had taken two deminers a day to clear a 200 m2 minefield. But with the help of two rats they could finish it in two hours.
    The rats and the deminers saved thousands of lives.“The rats did this job much better than we expected.So far they have helpde to make almost 2.000.000 m2 of land safe.They are heroes.”said Bart Woetjcds.the head of the APOPO.
    小题1:The APOPO trained the rats to search for__.
    A．childrenB．animalsC．mineaD．bananas
    小题2:While training the rats,the trainers have to be __.
    A．patientB．cleverC．braveD．serious
    小题3:How long did the training last?
    A．Two hoursB．One dayC．Four weeksD．Nine month
    小题4:Which of the following is NOT TRUE acorrding to the passage?
    A．Each day about 200 people were killed or hurt by minea
    B．The APOPO started to train the rats is January 2004.
    C．The trainers gave the rats food after they smelt out a mine .
    D．The rats and the deminres saved thousands of livers.

    小题1:C
    小题2:A
    小题3:D
    小题4:A
    文章介绍了怎样训练非洲老鼠扫雷，告诉我们动物可成为人类的好帮手，也间接提醒我们要爱护动物，珍爱和平
    小题1:主旨大意题 文章介绍了怎样训练老鼠来扫雷
    小题2:细节理解题 由“ ‘The training isn’t easy.’said the trainer Adulish Mebomvu,’You have to be patient.Sometimes I get angry,but then again.I tell myself these are animals.” “训练不容易，你必须有耐心”。可知。
    小题3:细节理解题 由 “After nine months’ training,the rats were taken to 4 minefield”, “经过九个月的训练，这些老师被带到4个雷区”，可知。
    小题4:主旨大意题 通读文章，由“About 50 people including many children were killed or hurt each day”，“每天包括许多小孩在内大约50人死掉或受伤”可知A不对。
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    科目：初中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Many people catch a cold in the spring time and / or fall.  It makes us wonder .if scientists can send a man to the moon, why they can't find a cure for the common cold. The answer is easy. There are exactly hundreds of kinds of cold viruses there. You never know which one you will get, so there isn't a cure for each one.
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    Different people have different remedies（治疗法）for colds. In the United States and sane other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids.  Other people take medicine to stop the fever, congestion, and running nose.
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    If it takes about one week to get over a cold if you don't take medicine,  but seven days to get over a cold you take medicine.
    小题1:The scientists think   .when someone catches a cold.
    A．they have many ways to cure the patients
    B．it's difficult to find a good way to cure the patients
    C．taking hot baths and drink warm liquids can cure the patients
    D．people should eat chicken soup to cure themselves
    小题2: Why can't you breathe we11 when you catch a cold? Because.
    A．you get a fever
    B．the weather is so cold
    C．blood rushes to your nose and brings congestion with it
    D．too much virus stays in your nose and prevent you from breathing
    小题3:The blood is _____for the virus when someone gets a cold.
    A．peacefulB．safeC．usefulD．deathful
    小题4:Which sentence is not right according to the passage?
    A．The heat in your body can kill the virus when you have a fever.
    B．A running nose can prevent the virus from attacking your cells.
    C．If you have a cold , you mustn’t take medicines.
    D．It's not the same to cure the patients when they have a cold.
    小题5: What does the underline sentence mean in the last paragraph?
    A．感冒了需要你吃一周的药才能治愈。
    B．不吃药你的感冒—周不能治愈。
    C．吃药一周治愈感冒对你的身体非常有害处。
    D．感冒了吃不吃药都需要一周才能恢复过来。

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    科目：初中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    What does a UFO look like? Do you believe there are aliens outside the earth? Maybe nobody can tell us exactly, but some of us believe that we humans are not alone in this world. We have friends living outside the earth. And a lot of people in the world think they really have seen a UFO flying in the sky. Now many scientists are trying to understand the origin of the UFO sightings. Scientists even try to draw pictures about aliens and aliens’ life according to their imagination.        
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    While scientists have no same ideas about whether there is an alien or not, it seems that China has been home to some UFO sightings recently.
    On August 20th,2011, a UFO was seen at 21:00 by the pilot on the plane which took off from Pudong International Airport to Changchun. At almost the same time, many astrophiles(天文爱好者)took pictures of it. Later, reports from some cities said that the UFO was seen. The pilot said the UFO was small at first, then expanded(扩大),moved north, and disappeared(消失)several minutes later. However, he couldn’t exactly make sure about what he had seen.
    小题1:What do scientists know about the aliens according to this passage?
    A．Scientists know about the aliens’ life well.
    B．Some scientists try to imagine aliens’ life.
    C．Scientists have the same idea about the UFO.
    D．Many scientists have already understood the origin of the UFO sightings.
    小题2:What happened on August 20th,2011?
    A．A UFO took off from Pudong International Airport.
    B．A pilot took pictures of the UFO.
    C．Many astrophiles saw the UFO.
    D．The UFO was small when it moved north.
    小题3:Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to this passage?
    A．UFO is short for Unidentified Flying Object.
    B．Some people from some cities said that they saw the UFO on August 20th,2011.
    C．The pilot could exactly make sure what he had seen.
    D．Many of us are interested in the UFO.

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    科目：初中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    Playing is serious business for children. In fact, it’s what they do best! Ask them why they do it, and kids will probably say, “Because it’s fun!” But it’s much more than that. It’s also good for them.
    Studies show that from birth babies begin learning through playing. They use their five senses to get to know their new world. Touching allows them to discover how different things feel. Brightly colored toys and clothing help develop a baby’s sense of sight.
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    Crayons, paints and Ply-Doh(彩色塑泥)are also good because they allow children to create. Traditional building blocks teach important pre-math skills like problem-solving.
    Playing doesn’t become any less important once children start school. __＊___. Kids learn how to share, take turns and play by the rules.
    小题1:Why is playing a serious business for children?
    A．Because it is fun.
    B．Because children can get much more from playing.
    C．Because children make friends through playing.
    D．Because children like playing.
    小题2:What does touching help babies develop?
    A．Touching helps babies to discover how different things feel.
    B．Touching help develop babies’ sense of sight.
    C．Touching helps develop babies’ imagination.
    D．Touching helps develop babies’ pre-math skills.
    小题3:What can we fill in the＊ ?
    A．Classroom is the most important place for children to learn life
    B．Many useful lessons about life are learned on the school playground
    C．No useful lessons about life are learned on the school playground
    D．Children can’t play on the school playground any more
    小题4:What’s the best title for the passage?
    A．Playing With Children
    B．How to Become a Playboy
    C．How to Play
    D．Playing Plays an Important Role in Life

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    科目：初中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    Want to stay away from colds? Put on a happy face.
    Compared to unhappy people, those who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds, according to a new study. It's possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from New York University.
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    In an earlier study, Cohen found that people who were cheerful and lively caught coughs and colds less often. People who showed feelings were also less likely to tell their doctors that they felt ill.
    In this study, Cohen's interviewed 193 adults every day for two weeks. During the interviews, the people were given colds by doctors and had to stay alone in a room for six days.
    The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get ill. But for people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness are less serious and lasted for a shorter time.
    Cohen believes that when people experience positive feelings, their body may produce a chemical that helps fight illness and disease. So if you are worried about your health, look on the bright side more often.
    小题1:Which of the following was NOT a part of the study?
    A．People talked about their feelings every day.
    B．People were kept alone for six days.
    C．People were given colds by doctors.
    D．People were made to feel unhappy.
    小题2:What did the study find?
    A．People who felt happy never got ill.
    B．People's feelings didn't influence their health.
    C．People with good feelings became ill more easily.
    D．People with positive feelings had less serious illnesses..
    小题3:According to Cohen, which of the following may help fight illness?
    A．Eating.B．Crying.C．Laughing.D．Sleeping.
    小题4:This passage is a/an         .
    A．advertisementB．newspaper reportC．storyD．scientist's diary
    小题5:What is the best title for this passage?
    A．Smiles can fight coldsB．Cause of colds found
    C．The danger of coldsD．How people get sick

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    科目：初中英语 来源：不详 题型：完形填空

    阅读短文，然后根据内容从Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
    With a determined(坚定的) look on his face, Chicago’s Michael McCarthy held on to the banister(扶手) and climbed to the top of the Willis Tower not long ago. The Tower stands 1,451 feet(442 meters) tall, the＿1＿ building in the US.
    As he got to the last step, McCarthy ＿2＿ fell down, but that didn’t stop him. The 14-year-old boy finally finished climbing the 2,109 steps and arrived at the top, where he ＿3＿ cheers from many people.
    “I just want to show people that ＿4＿ a kid with no legs can do it, anyone can do it,” McCarthy said.
    McCarthy, who was born without legs, has to wear prosthetic legs(假肢) and use a stick to walk. But McCarthy has a strong 5 . He believes having a disability(残疾) shouldn’t stop anyone 6  achieving his or her success.
    He has been in a special school 7  he was four. When he decided to climb the Willis Tower, his teacher, Jeff Kohn, was   8  by his determination(决心) and offered to help train him. They   9  more than ten hours practicing climbing stairs and keeping balance with the prosthetics and sticks on the steps every day. “ 10  seems that he never knows how difficult it is. 11  I was so tired that I asked him to rest for a day,”said Kohn. “But he said he was still full of energy and wanted more 12 .”
    Kohn always walked with McCarthy for the climb. “I   13  the last 10 floors, he went faster,” said Kohn. “He’s the most cravensportsmanI’ve ever trained.”
    McCarthy said he was   14  of himself and that the tower now holds special meaning. “When I’m older, I’ll   15  to the building and say ‘Look at this building I climbed’,” he said.
    小题1:
    A．largestB．highestC．earliestD．latest
    小题2:
    A．seldomB．hardlyC．alwaysD．almost
    小题3:
    A．enjoyedB．neededC．madeD．kept
    小题4:
    A．whileB．afterC．ifD．though
    小题5:
    A．heartB．hopeC．bodyD．love
    小题6:
    A．byB．forC．inD．from
    小题7:
    A．asB．sinceC．untilD．before
    小题8:
    A．pleasedB．beatenC．movedD．asked
    小题9:
    A．usedB．spentC．tookD．wasted
    小题10:
    A．HereB．ThereC．HeD．It
    小题11:
    A．HoweverB．SometimesC．AgainD．Then
    小题12:
    A．friendsB．helpersC．timeD．exercise
    小题13:
    A．triedB．sawC．didD．met
    小题14:
    A．thinkingB．talkingC．worriedD．proud
    小题15:
    A．pointB．goC．turnD．hurry

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    科目：初中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题)
    Your Nose is Busy and Important
    Your nose has many important jobs, and is always busy.
    Smelling
    Smelling helps you gather information about the world around you. A good scent (气体),like flowers, brings you pleasure. A bad scent, like smoke or sour milk, warns you of danger. Most things around you release scent particles (微粒) into the air. These invisible chemicals enter the nose when you breathe. Nerves in the nose send information to the brain to identify a smell. You are able to recognize thousands of smells.
    Breathing
    Most of the air you breathe enters through your nose. The nose uses hair and mucus (粘液) to clean dust and germs (细菌) out of the air. The air that enters your nose contains oxygen. Your body uses oxygen to unlock the energy in the food you eat.  Even when you sleep, your body needs energy to keep your heart beating and your brain working.
    Tasting
    Your nose helps you enjoy food. Flavor is a mixture of taste and smell. The smell of the food helps you identify what you are eating. The sense of smell contributes more to (贡献) food flavor than the sense of taste .When you are sick and have a stuffy nose, your food doesn’t taste as good because without smell, food loses most of its flavor.
    Smell memory
    Smells can bring back memories. Your brain uses a process to create a picture in your mind from the odors(气味)you smell. Smells can affect your feelings because the part of the brain that helps you identify smells is close to the area that affects your emotions, mood and memory. More smell memories are collected as you get older.
    Your nose has many important jobs, and is more than just a smeller!
    小题1:How many important jobs does a nose do according to the passage? What are they?
    小题2:Smelling helps you recognize thousands of smells, doesn’t it?
    小题3:What does the nose use to clean dust and germs out of air?
    小题4:What happens to your food if you are sick and have a stuffy nose?
    小题5:How do smells bring back memories?
    小题6:What do you think of your nose? Why do you think so?

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    科目：初中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解


    Dear sir ,
    I have travel every day from Souk Road to the airport. Two buses travel along the routes: the(路线): the number 49 and the number 16. But by the time the number 16 bus reaches Souk Road, it is always full, so I can’t get on it, I have to wait for the number 49 because sometimes there are empty seats on it.
    The timetable says that there are buses from Souk Road to the airport every ten minutes. If this is true, why do I have to wait half an hour for a bus nearly every day?
    The rules say that if there are empty seats on a bus, the bus must stop at every stop where people are waiting Why do the half-empty buses go straight(一直)past me when I am standing at bus stop?
    The rules say that no bus may carry more than 40 seated passengers and 20 standing passengers. Yesterday I was the first to get off the bus when it reached the airport. I counted the other passengers as they got off. There were 129 people.
    It is clear that our bus companies break the rules and think little of their passengers. Can nothing be done to make your service(服务) better?
    Yours
    Tired passenger
    小题1:This passage is __________.
    A．a messageB．a talkC．a storyD．a letter
    小题2:The writer has to take Bus No. 49 because______.
    A．it arrives on timeB．it is not always full
    C．it travels faster D．it has fewer seats on it
    小题3:How long does the writer usually have to wait for a bus?
    A．Ten minutesB．One hour C．Half an hourD．Nearly a day
    小题4:The rules say that each bus may carry ________ passengers at most.
    A．twentyB．fortyC．sixtyD．one hundred and twenty-nine
    小题5:From the passage we can see that__________.
    A．the bus service was poor
    B．no passengers took their buses
    C．no buses except the No. 49 bus passed Souk Road
    D．the writer was always the first to get on bus

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    科目：初中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    This is not a diet. It’s a simple way to lose weight. And you don’t even have to give up the food you love or join a gym (参加体育锻炼). You just follow some habits that thin people have. Keep them, and you’ll become thin.
    (1) Wake - up
    When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, bend（弯曲） forward until you feel sore（酸痛） in your back. It will burn about 10 calories.
    (2) Start with soup
    When you have a meal, order a clear soup, and have it before having the main food. In this way, you’ll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
    (3) An apple (or more) a day
    Apples are full of fiber（纤维） and water, so your stomach will want less. The study shows that people who eat at least three apples a day lose weight.
    (4) Stand up and walk around
    Every time you use the mobile phone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average (平均) two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn 50 0r more calories.
    Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.
    小题1:Why does eating apples make one’s stomach want less food?
    A．Because apples are delicious.
    B．Because apples are full of fiber and water.
    C．Because apples are sour.
    D．Because only apples are filled with calories.
    小题2:Which of the following may the author DISAGREE?
    A．Sitting up slowly without using your hands helps burn calories.
    B．Eating apples every day is good for people’s health.
    C．You have to join a gym if you want to lose weight.
    D．It’s good to walk around while talking on the mobile phone.
    小题3:What’s the purpose of the passage?
    A．To give some advice on how to lose weight.
    B．To advise people to eat apples every day.
    C．To tell people how to enjoy a better life.
    D．To advise people to give up bad habits.
    小题4:In which part of a newspaper would you most probably read the passage?
    A．Shopping.B．Teaching.C．Family.D．Health.

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