16.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使内容通顺,没空格限填一词)
We are now living in the modern city.Most of the energy which we are using for heating lighting,transportation and manufacturing(工业生产) is from fossil fuels(化石燃料).These are carbon-based(碳基燃料) fuels from oils,coal and natural gas.When we burn these fuels we release(释放) heat which (81)provides the energy.
There are three major disadvantages to using these fuel.Firstly,they are causing climate problems because fo the (82)greenhouseeffect.When we burn fossil fuels they produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳)which causes global warming.Secondly,when we have used up all our coal,oil and natural gas,we will have (83)nothingleft to burn.Thirdly,they are not very efficient.The internal combustion engine that we use in most cars,trucks and buses,for example,is only about 14% efficient.
Scientists are working on an alternative(替代的)fuel--hydrogen(氢).There are a number of advantages to using hydrogen as a fuel.Firstly,because two thirds of the (84)earth's surface is water and water is made of hydrogen and oxygen(氧).There is an almost unlimited(无限的)supply of hydrogen.Secondly,burning hydrogen does not cause global warming.Thirdly it is much more efficient than carbon-based fuels.
Unfortunately there are problems with hydrogen at the present time:there is the problem of separating it from water (85)cheaply,if it is too expensive,we can not afford to use it;and there is the difficulty of storing it.It can be stored under pressure but high pressure tanks are far from sage.It can also be stored as a liquid but only at extremely(非常)low temperatures.It seems likely,therefore,that there will have to be completely new technologies before hydrogen replaces fossil fuels.(86)Solving these problems is an urgent matter.Although China,India and Australia have huge quantities(大量)of cheap coal,and there are still (87)large oil and gas reserves(储备)elsewhere,the effects on the planet's climate will be catastrophic(灾难性的)if they are used.
分析 本文讲述了我们的矿产资源.我们的矿产资源都是有限的,不可再生的.现在的石油,天然气,因为燃烧的时候会放出热量,所以会引发温室效应.科学家们正在积极探索新的能源氢,以便使我们能够使用更干净,更清洁的能源.但是现实是这还需要很大的努力.
解答 81.provides 考查动词的辨析. 根据上半句句意:当我们烧燃料的时候会释放热量,可以推断出此处句意:这些热量提供了能量.provide动词,提供.注意空格前是which,这是一个定语从句,which代指heat,是不可数名词,在定语从句中做主语,空格处是谓语,应该用第三人称单数形式,故填 provides
82.greenhouse 考查名词的辨析.结合句意:因为温室效应,他们正在引起气候的变化.Greenhouse Effect温室效应.故填greenhouse.
83.nothing 考查代词的辨析. 根据上半句句意:当我们用完这些燃料的时候,可以推断出此处句意:我们就没有什么可以烧的了. Nothing不定代词,什么都没有.故填nothing.
84.earth's 考查名词所有格.结合句意:地球的三分之二的表面是水.名词所有格是在名词之后加's,表示…的.故填 earth's.
85.cheaply 考查副词的辨析.结合题干可知.空格在句子末尾,修饰的是前面的动词,此处应该用副词,结合句意:问题是把氢从水中分离出来很便宜,但是很难储存.Cheaply副词,便宜地.
86.Solving 考查动词的辨析.结合题干86)S____ these problems is an urgent matter,S____ these problems 是主语,即动名词做主语,结合句意:解决这些问题是十分迫切的难题.Solve动词,解决.动名词短语做主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.故填Solving.
87.large考查形容词的辨析.空格后是名词,可知此处应该是形容词,结合句意:在某处仍然有很大的石油及天然气的储量.故填large,大量的.
点评 根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整.注意单词的适当形式.