Question

When we can see well, we do not think about our eyes often: It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we come to see how important our eyes are.
People who are nearsighted（近视的） can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly.
People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book if they don't hold it at arm's length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
When night falls, colors become fainter（更模糊） to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it, they cannot see it anymore, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the center of the eye, which is very sensitive (敏感的) in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark,
小题1:According to the passage, a _______ is more likely to be nearsighted.

A．guard

B．doctor

C．writer

D．painter

小题2:People who are farsighted _______.

A．cannot do a lot of close work without glasses

B．can only see things that are very close to their eyes

C．have the same problem as the nearsighted people

D．have difficulty reading a book if they hold it at arm's length

小题3:To see a small thing at night, we need to look _______.

A．with wide open eyes	B．with half shut eyes
C．straight at it	D．in a slightly different direction

Answer 1

小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D

试题分析：本文叙述了人们看不清东西的集中情况：近视，远视以及其他眼睛方面的一些问题。近视的人只能看清楚他们的眼睛很近的东西，要想看清远处的东西，需要戴眼镜。远视的人能看清远处的东西，离他们近的东西，看不清，需要戴眼镜才能看清楚。眼睛形状不正确，也看不清东西，需要戴眼镜来纠正。还有些人是因为得了白内障而看不清楚，需要除去眼睛上的障碍物。再有，就是晚上人们因为天黑而看不清清楚。
小题1:细节理解题。根据第二段的Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted.可知许多做眼睛离得近的工作的人容易近视，像写东西或读东西，因此作家容易近视。故选C。
小题2:细节理解题。根据第三段的If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.可知远视的人要想读东西，必须戴上眼镜。故选A。
小题3:推理判断题。根据最后一段的after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. It seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction.可知在晚上入股哦你看小的东西，直着看似乎看不到那个东西，因此应该从稍微不同方向来看这个物品。故选D。