Question

【题目】Have you ever felt a strong emotion (情绪), but not been able to find the right word to describe it? Maybe there is a word for it, but you just don’t know it yet. One man is trying to help fix this problem. University of East London psychology researcher Tim Lomas is making a list of words from different languages around the world. The words have no exact equivalent(对等的) words or phrases in the English language. Perhaps the most famous example is “schadenfreude”, the German word describing pleasure at the bad luck of others.

Borrowing from as many languages as he could, Lomas searched for “untranslatable” experiences and published them in The Journal of Positive Psychology last year. His study is called the Positive Lexicography Project. Lomas has focused mostly on happy moments. He hopes that learning these words will enrich (使丰富) people’s lives. So now, thanks to the Portuguese(葡萄牙语), when you run your fingers through a loved one’s hair you can call it “cafune”. Or you can use the Spanish word “estrenar” to describe the feeling when you wear or use something for the first time. The Germans describe the good mood at the end of a working day as “feierabend”, while the Norwegians describe the feeling of sitting around a warm fireplace as “peiskos”.

“The limits of our language are said to define the boundaries of our world,” Lomas wrote for The Conversation. “If we lack (缺乏) a word for a particular positive emotion, we are far less likely to experience it.”

【1】What is psychology researcher Tim Lomas working on?

A. He is studying people’s strong emotions.

B. He is improving the old English dictionaries.

C. He is making a list of words to describe people’s emotions.

D. He is trying to explain the differences between languages in the world.

【2】What does the underlined word “schadenfreude” in the first paragraph mean in Chinese?

A. 乐极生悲 B. 幸灾乐祸 C. 苦尽甘来 D. 火上浇油

【3】Which of the following is NOT true about Lomas’ study?

A. He borrowed from many languages for his study.

B. His studied “untranslatable” experiences.

C. His study is called the Positive Lexicography Project.

D. His study focused on sad moments in people’s daily life.

【4】The word “peiskos” describes the feeling _____.

A. when you push your fingers through a loved one’s hair

B. when you wear or use something for the first time

C. when a long working day comes to an end

D. when you’re sitting around a warm fireplace

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】D

【解析】试题这是一篇说明文，文章主要对心理学研究者洛马斯对“不可译”的词汇创造的表达方式进行阐述，说明我们应该找一个词来表达一种特殊的积极情绪。

【1】题意：心理学研究者Tim Lomas在做什么？考查细节理解题。根据University of East London psychology researcher Tim Lomas is making a list of words from different languages around the world.，可知他在制作一份来自世界各地不同语言的词汇表，故选C。

【2】题意：第一段划线词“schadenfreude”在汉语中是什么意思？考查词义理解题。根据下文的解释the German word describing pleasure at the bad luck of others. 这个德语单词描述对别人坏运气的快乐，可知选B。

【3】题意：关于洛马斯的研究，下列哪一项是不正确的？考查细节判断题。A. He borrowed from many languages for his study.他借助语言中研究。B. His studied “untranslatable” experiences.他研究了“不可译”的经历。C. His study is called the Positive Lexicography Project.他的研究被称为积极的词典编纂项目。D. His study focused on sad moments in people’s daily life.他的研究关注的是人们日常生活中的悲伤时刻。根据Lomas has focused mostly on happy moments.，可知洛马斯主要关注快乐时刻，而不是悲伤时刻，故选D。

【4】题意：“peiskos”一词描述了 的感觉。考查词义理解题。A. when you push your fingers through a loved one’s hair当你用手指抚摸爱人的头发。B. when you wear or use something for the first time当你第一次穿或用什么东西的时候。C. when a long working day comes to an end当漫长的工作日结束。D. when you’re sitting around a warm fireplace

当你坐在温暖的壁炉旁。根据第二段结尾while the Norwegians describe the feeling of sitting around a warm fireplace as“peiskos”.，可知是形容坐在温暖壁炉旁的感觉，故选D。