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    Penguins are lovely animals. Most people like them. But now as many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins are in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins has decreased by ( 减少了) 30% since 1987.
    Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in the Antarctic Continent (南极大陆) ,New Zealand, Australia and South America. Many live near cold waters (水域). But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins  cannot fly, but  they are fine swimmers. The shape of their body helps them to survive. Penguins eat fish and krill  (磷虾). They have short wings that help them to dive up to 900 feet to catch larger fish. They can swim 10-15 kilometers an hour which lets them protect themselves. They also have lots of body oil that helps in keeping them dry in the water.
    The warming of the earth is the reason for the decrease in the number of penguins. The hotter and hotter air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperature has decreased the fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce. And many adult penguins die of hunger.
    Too much fishing, exploration for oil and oil leaks (泄漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous things in ocean waters are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies, including sharks, seals and sea lions.
    小题1:Penguins can do the following except________.
    A．divingB．flyingC．swimmingD．catching fish
    小题2:Which of the following is NOT the reason for the decrease in the number penguins?
    A．The warming of the earth.B．Too much fishing.
    C．Natural disasters.D．Poisonous things in ocean waters.
    小题3:What does the underlined word "reproduce" mean?
    A．繁殖B．灭绝C．迁徙D．觅食
    小题4: What’s the passage mainly about?
    A．Fish and krill have decreased.
    B．Ocean waters are polluted.
    C．Sharks and seals are the enemies of pen­guins.
    D．The decrease in the number of penguins.

    小题1:B
    小题1:C
    小题1:A
    小题1:D

    本文讲的是企鹅数量的减少以及减少的原因。
    1. B 此题是细节题。从Penguins cannot fly, but  they are fine swimmers可知企鹅不能飞，选B。
    2. C 此题也是细节题。文章讲了三个企鹅减少的原因，从三、四、五的第一句可知C答案不正确，文章并没有说到的，A,B,C都符合题意。
    3. A 此题是考查单词的意思。这里讲的是企鹅减少的第一个原因，水温的升高导致鱼和磷虾的减少，从而导致企鹅不能繁殖，因为缺少食物，故选A。
    4. D 这是个对全文的中心思想归纳题，很明显全文讲的是企鹅的减少及减少的原因，选D。
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