Question

【题目】根据示例改写句子

Model: Sharks are animals. They live in the sea.→Sharks are animals that live in the sea.

【1】The book is my favourite. It is written by J．K.Rowling.

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【2】Basketball is a game. I love it best.

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【3】That man is Mr Smith. He is taking photos near the river.

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【4】This one is a photo of a shark. I saw it on the Great Barrier Reef.

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Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 The book that/which is written by J．K.Rowling is my favourite.

【2】 Basketball is a game that/which I love best.

【3】 The man that/who is taking photos near the river is Mr Smith.

【4】 This one is a photo of a shark that/which I saw on the Great Barrier Reef.

【解析】

【1】句意：J.K.罗琳写的那本书是我最喜欢看的。根据示例可知，本题要求改写成定语从句，(The)book是先行词，指物，引导定语从句的关系代词用that/which，关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的数必须和先行词保持一致。故答案为The book that/which is written by J．K.Rowling is my favourite.

【2】句意：篮球是我最喜欢的一项运动。根据示例可知，本题要求改写成定语从句，(a) game是先行词，关系代词用that/which，在定语从句中作love的宾语，“I love it best.”中的it必须要去掉，故答案为Basketball is a game that/which I love best.

【3】句意：正在河边拍照的那个人是史密斯先生。man前加定冠词the是特指在河边拍照的那个人。(The) man是定语从句的先行词，指人，引导定语从句的关系代词为that/who，在定语从句中作主语，故答案为The man that/who is taking photos near the river is Mr. Smith.

【4】句意：这是一张我在大堡礁看到的鲨鱼的照片。根据示例可知，本题要求改写成定语从句。“I saw it on the Great Barrier Reef.”中的it代指上句中的a shark。也就是说a shark是先行词，引导定语从句的关联词用that/which，在定语从句中作saw的宾语，因此原来句子中的it必须去掉，故答案为This one is a photo of a shark that/which I saw on the Great Barrier Reef.

在复合句中修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

① 定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。如:The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上拿着一把雨伞的那名男子是我的叔叔。)

② 语法术语的称谓：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词，引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词，其中that, which, who, whom, whose称为关系代词；where, when, how称为关系副词。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换)，例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。