Question

【题目】 Are you afraid of going to the dentist(牙医)? If so, you're not alone.

These fears could just be in our heads, however. According to a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a professor at Manchester University in the UK, the pain isn’t felt most of the time in dental surgeries(牙科手术). In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients，75％ reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.

Could it be the sound of the drill(钻头)then?

“I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they don’t have any pain. " Hiroyuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, told the Guardian.

To find the reason why a drill might bring on a racing heart, Karibe divided the volunteers into low-fear and high-fear groups based on how much they feared a trip to the dentist. Volunteers were played the sound of a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine.

What Karibe found in the low-fear group was increased activity in the areas of the brain relative to auditory processing(听觉处理)， which means， for these people， the sound of dental drills is no different from other sounds

In the high-fear group, however, the brain area that was activated(激活)was different. It was the area that carries out a number of duties, including learning, feelings and, most importantly, memory. This means that these volunteers not only heard the sound, but they remembered it-they made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return.

Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists ' drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed, according to Karibe, because patients who worry about going to the dentist might keep putting off their visits. But the best way is to keep your teeth healthy.

【1】How does the writer explain that the pain isn’t felt most of the time in dental surgeries?

A. By showing facts with numbers.B. By asking questions one by one.

C. By giving examples group by group. D. By comparing results of patients.

【2】According to the fourth paragraph, what does the word "evoke” mean in Chinese?

A. 减轻B. 引起C. 显示D. 阻止

【3】How did the sound of drilling produce different results to the volunteers in the study?

A. It produced some worry in the volunteers in the low-fear group

B. For the low-fear group, it activated the brain area dealing with learning, feelings and memory

C. For the high-fear group, it caused more activities in the brain area relative to auditory processing.

D. It made people in the high-fear group remember their past uncomfortable memories.

【4】What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. How the study might be useful.

B. Some new ways to treat teeth

C. The proper way to treat dental patients.

D. The importance of keeping our teeth healthy.

【5】What's the purpose of the passage?

A. To show us different areas of fear in brains.

B. To introduce us a recent survey by a scientist.

C. To help us have less fear of a trip to the dentist.

D. To make it clear that the sound of drilling is not terrible.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【5】B

【解析】

文章大意：你害怕去看牙医吗？英国曼彻斯特大学(Manchester University)教授马丁蒂克尔(Martin Tickle)最近进行的一项调查显示，在牙科手术中，大部分时间都感觉不到疼痛。东京日本牙科大学的科学家Hiroyuki Karibe告诉《卫报》，他发现钻孔的声音能引起牙科病人深深的担忧，事实上他们没有任何疼痛。为了找出钻牙可能导致心跳加速的原因，Karibe根据志愿者对牙医的恐惧程度将他们分为低恐惧组和高恐惧组来进行试验，Karibe说，了解大脑是如何对牙医的牙钻声做出反应的，可以帮助科学家找到让病人更放松的方法。

【1】细节理解题。根据文中的信息In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients，75％ reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.可知，作者在解释牙科手术中，疼痛并不是大多数时候都能感觉到的，是用数字来说明事实的，故答案选A。

【2】词义猜测题。根据下文Actually they don’t have any pain.事实上他们没有任何疼痛，结合本句I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients.我发现钻孔的声音能…牙科病人深深的担忧。可知事实上他们没有任何疼痛，但钻孔的声音能引起牙科病人深深的担忧，所以此处表达的是“引起”，故答案选B。

【3】细节理解题。根据文中的信息In the high-fear group,……they made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return.可知，在高恐惧组中，人们会想起他们过去不舒服的记忆，故答案选D。

【4】段意归纳题。根据Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists ' drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed,可知，本段主要讲述的是这项研究可能会有多大的用处，故答案选A。

【5】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家最近所做的试验，研究大脑是如何对牙医的牙钻声做出反应的，结合选项可知B选项“给我们介绍科学家最近做的一项调查研究。”符合题意，故答案选B。