5.Is Your Diet Destroying The Environment?
A vegetarian diet is often praised for its health benefits.Vegetarians usually have lower levels of heart disease,and studies have also shown that they have a lower risk of diabetes (糖尿病) than people who eat meat.However,most people don't realize that a vegetarian diet produces less pollution to the earth.
Researchers from the Union of Concerned Scientists in the US recently studied how people affect the environment.The study showed that eating meat is one of the main ways that humans can change the environment,second only to the use of motor vehicle.
Then,how can eating meat have a negative effect on the environment?For a start,all farm animals such as cows,pigs,and sheep give off methane gas(沼气) by breathing.One cow can produce up to 60liters of methane each day.Methane gas is the second most common greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide.Many environmental experts now believe that it is more responsible for global warming than carbon dioxide.It is estimated that 25% of all methane released into the air comes from farm animals.
Another way that meat production affects the environment is through the use of water and land.2,500gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of beef while only 20gallons of water are needed to produce one pound of wheat.One acre of farmland used for crop production can produce 40,000pounds of potatoes,30,000pounds of carrots,or 50,000pounds of tomatoes,however,one acre of farmland used for raising cows can produce just 250pounds of beef.
Many people now see the benefits of a vegetarian diet,not just for health reasons,but also because it plays an important role in protecting the environment.However,some nutritionists advise against switching to a totally strict vegetarian,or vegan diet.They believe a vegan diet,which excludes(拒绝) all products from animal sources,such as cheese,eggs,and milk,can be short of many necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need.
Today,many people know that it is important to take better care of their bodies,and to use the earth's resources more efficiently.As this understanding spreads,more people may realize that to help the environment and for the human race to survive,more of us will need to become vegetarian.
36.The underlined word"vegetarian"in the first paragraph most probably meansD.
A.a person who eats healthy food
B.a person who eats meat and vegetables
C.a person who only eats meat,fish and seafood
D.a person who only eats vegetables,grains,and fruit
37.It'sB for a vegetarian to have diabetes than a person who eats meat.
A.more possible
B.less possible
C.highly possible
D.impossible
38.Which of the statement is true according to the article?C
A.Doctors suggest switching to totally vegetarian diets.
B.It takes more water and land to produce a kilo of crops.
C.Farm animals give off methane gas and pollute the environment.
D.Carbon dioxide is more responsible for global warming than methane gas.
39.The underlined"it"in paragraph 5refers toA.
A.a vegetarian diet
B.animal source
C.necessary vitamin
D.health reason
40.The main idea of the article is thatC.
A.our diet is destroying the surroundings
B.raising farm animals affects the environment
C.a vegetarian diet helps to protect the environment
D.more and more people are becoming strict vegetarians.
分析 文章大意:现在,素食因为对健康有利越来越受到人们的青睐,但素食主义者自己没有意识到的事情是素食对环境的影响.经美国有关科学家研究表明人们的饮食行为会对环境造成影响.人们饮食对环境熬成的危害仅次于机动车辆对环境的影响.首先是农民饲养的动物排放有毒的甲烷,据统计每天25%的甲烷排放来源于动物.另外,肉食生产的过程和粮食生产的过程比较起来要耗费更多的水和土壤.很多人不食用动物产品,但是一些营养学家不建议人们成为严格的素食主义者.人的身体需要奶酪、鸡蛋等动物产品来补充必要的维生素和矿物质.
解答 36.答案:D.细节理解题.根据than people who eat meat比吃肉的人,可知应该是只吃蔬菜,水果和谷物的人.答案是D.
37.答案:B.细节理解题.they have a lower risk of diabetes than people who eat meat与吃肉类的人相比,他们患糖尿病的风险较低.可知应该是由更小的可能得糖尿病.答案是B.
38.答案:C.细节理解题.根据It is estimated that 25% of all methane released into the air comes from farm animals据估计,释放到空气中的甲烷的25%来自农场动物.可知,C选项农场动物释放出来的甲烷气体和污染环境是正确的.答案是C.
39.答案:A.根据Many people now see the benefits of a vegetarian diet,not just for health reasons,but also because it plays an important role in protecting the environment许多人现在看到素食的好处,不仅出于健康原因,而且因为它在保护环境中起着重要的作用.可知代替的是素食.答案是A.
40.答案:C.主旨大意题.根据However,most people don't realize that a vegetarian diet produces less pollution to the earth.然而,大多数人没有意识到素食对地球的污染更少.及文章整体大意.可知主要介绍素食有助于保护生态环境.答案是C.
点评 阅读题型,要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解.根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题.