【题目】 In China, safety education is becoming more and more important now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about _______ they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the _______ at school? Take a look.
Stampedes(踩踏), earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. A stampede always happens in _______ places. When students around you begin to push, just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you _______ in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands around.
When earthquakes happen, you can get _______ a desk quickly and hold on. It’ll protect you from falling things. If you are _______, find a place away from buildings, trees, and power lines(电线).
When there’s a _______, leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put _______ over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them _______ and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! ________ When you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air.
【1】A.howB.whyC.what
【2】A.accidentsB.storiesC.questions
【3】A.busyB.crowdedC.dirty
【4】A.get lostB.become madC.fall down
【5】A.onB.behindC.under
【6】A.outdoorsB.indoorsC.surface
【7】A.smokeB.fireC.flood
【8】A.anything wetB.anything dryC.something wet
【9】A.cryB.coughC.shout
【10】A.AndB.ButC.So
【答案】
【1】C
【2】A
【3】B
【4】C
【5】C
【6】A
【7】B
【8】C
【9】B
【10】C
【解析】
本文讲述了安全教育在中国越来越被重视,孩子们在学校都接受了安全教育的培训,并介绍了在学校里最容易发生的三种事故:踩踏,地震和火灾。
【1】句意:它帮助学生更多地了解他们应该做什么来保证自己的安全。
how怎样;why为什么;what什么。根据句子结构,此空格处是一个宾语从句。动词不定式to keep themselves safe是目的,空格处所在表示“他们应该做什么来保证自己的安全”,空格处是作动词do的宾语,所以此处是由引导词what引导宾语从句,故空格处填what。故选C。
【2】句意:学校里的事故是什么?看一看。
accidents事故;stories故事;questions问题。根据下文Stampedes(踩踏), earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school“踩踏,地震,火灾是学校的主要事故”,可知,要看一看学校里的事故都有哪些,所以空格处填accidents。故选A。
【3】句意:踩踏事故总是发生在拥挤的地方。
busy忙碌的;crowded拥挤的;dirty脏的。根据下文If you fall down in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands around“如果你在人群中摔倒,向一边移动,并且用手保护头部”,可知,踩踏事故容易在拥挤的地方发生,所以,空格处填crowed。故选B。
【4】句意:如果你在人群中摔倒,向一边移动,并且用手保护头部。
get lost迷路;become mad变得疯狂;fall down摔倒。根据前文A stampede always happens in crowded places“踩踏事故总是发生在拥挤的地方”以及move to one side and protect your head with your hands around“向一边移动,并且用手保护头部”,可知,此处是建议遇到踩踏事故时,该如何做。而在人群中摔倒时,是最容易发生踩踏事故的,所以空格处填fall down。故选C。
【5】句意:当地震发生时,你可以迅速躲在桌子底下并且坚持住。
on在……上;behind在……后面;under在……下。根据下文It’ll protect you from falling things“它会让你免于砸伤”,可知,发生地震时,躲在桌子底下才会免于砸伤,所以空格处填under。故选C。
【6】句意:如果你在室外,找一个远离大楼,树和电线的安全地方。
outdoors室外;indoors室内;surface表面。根据When earthquakes happen“当地震发生时”及find a place away from buildings, trees, and power lines“找一个远离大楼,树和电线的安全地方”,可知,发生地震如果你在室外时,需要找一个安全的地方呆着,所以空格处填outdoors。故选A。
【7】句意:当发生火灾时,迅速离开教室。
smoke烟;fire火灾;flood洪水。根据Stampedes(踩踏), earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school,本文介绍了学校最主要的事故是踩踏,地震和火灾,前文介绍了踩踏和地震,接下来介绍的应该是当火灾发生时,该如何做,所以空格处填fire。故选B。
【8】句意:最好在你的嘴巴和鼻子上放些湿的东西。
anything wet湿的东西;anything dry干的东西;something wet湿的东西。根据前文When there’s a fire“当发生火灾时”及下文In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke“用这个方法,你不会吸进去烟”,可知,当火灾发生时,为了避免吸进浓烟,我们通常将湿的东西放在鼻子和嘴上面,从句意上排除B选项。something和anything的区别:something用于肯定句,当表示请求或建议时可用于疑问句;anything用于疑问句和否定句,当表示“任何东西”时可用于肯定句。而原句是肯定句,且空格处表示“某样湿的东西”,所以空格处填something wet。故选C。
【9】句意:它会使他们咳嗽,并且他们不能呼吸。
cry哭;cough咳嗽;shout呼喊。根据前文Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke“许多人死于火灾,不是因为火而是因为烟”及后文they can’t breathe“他们不能呼吸”,可知,此句话中的it是指代上文提到的“smoke”,许多人因火灾产生的烟而丧命,是因为火灾产生的烟使人咳嗽不能呼吸,所以空格处填cough。故选B。
【10】句意:所以当你想出去时,你应该让自己贴近地面前行。那样你可以呼吸到新鲜空气。
and和,表并列关系;but但是,表转折关系;so所以,因果关系。根据前文It makes them cough and they can’t breathe“它会让他们咳嗽,并且他们不能呼吸”及When you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air“当你想出去时,你应该让自己贴近地面前行。那样你可以呼吸到新鲜空气”,可知,因为火灾中产生的烟会使人咳嗽不能呼吸,所以当你想出去时,要贴近地面前行,这样才可以呼吸到新鲜空气,前后文是表因果关系,所以空格处填连词so。故选C。
做完型填空时,首先要通读课文,明白主旨大意,然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则,根据上下文以及语境做题,切忌主观臆断。另外,平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时,首先要确认四个选项的含义,然后分析语境和逻辑关系,确定答案。
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