Question

【题目】 When people talk about air pollution, they are usually thinking about outdoor air _______. But do you know that there is also air pollution inside homes, offices, hotels and other buildings? The air in your home can be 2 to 100 times more polluted than the air outdoors! In fact, some American doctors say that 50% of the illnesses have _______ to do with the polluted indoor air. A lot of pollution comes from indoor activities _______ smoking and cooking. As most people _______ about 80%—90% of their time inside buildings, it is important to take indoor air pollution seriously, too. Air pollution influences our health _______. When the air is polluted, not only young children and old people _______ from it, _______ people without health problems suffer as well. Indoor air pollution can _______ people’s eyes, noses and throats. Air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, can also _______ to lung cancer and heart disease! In the Great London Fog in 1952, 4000 people died in a few days ________ the pollution! It is said that half a million young children and women die each year in India because of indoor air pollution!

【1】A.pollutionB.polluteC.polluting

【2】A.nothingB.everythingC.something

【3】A.as well asB.such asC.instead of

【4】A.takeB.costC.spend

【5】A.in many waysB.in many thingsC.in many houses

【6】A.endureB.bearC.suffer

【7】A.yetB.but alsoC.or

【8】A.hitB.hurtC.pollute

【9】A.causeB.getC.lead

【10】A.because ofB.thanks toC.related to

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】C

【5】A

【6】C

【7】B

【8】B

【9】C

【10】A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，重点介绍了同样会致病的室内空气污染。不管是室内还是室外空气污染，都会对人们的健康造成危害，都应该引起人们的重视。

【1】句意：当人们谈论空气污染时，他们通常会想到室外空气污染。

考查名词。A. pollution污染，名词；B. pollute污染，动词；C. polluting污染，动名词或现在分词。根据句中air pollution提示，空格处指的是室外空气污染，即outdoor air pollution。故选A。

【2】句意：50%的疾病与被污染的室内空气有关。

考查不定代词。A. nothing什么都没有；B. everything所有事情；C. something一些事情。根据下文“Indoor air pollution can hurt people’s eyes, noses and throats”可知，室内空气污染会损害人们的身体健康。故本句说的是“50%的疾病与被污染的室内空气有关”。have something to do with为固定搭配，意为“与……有关”，故选C。

【3】句意：很多污染来自室内活动，如吸烟和烹饪。

考查连词。A. as well as还有、不但……而且……；B. such as例如；C. instead of而不是。结合空格前后的activities和smoking and cooking可知，后面是在举例子，应用such as连接。故选B。

【4】句意：由于大多数人80%至90%的时间都是在建筑物内度过的，所以也要认真对待室内空气污染问题。

考查动词。A. take花费；B. cost值……钱；C. spend花费。本句主语people指人，而A、B选项的主语都是物，可排除。故选C。

【5】句意：空气污染在许多方面影响着我们的健康。

考查短语辨析。A. in many ways在许多方面；B. in many things在许多东西中；C. in many houses在许多房子里。根据下文内容可知，作者提到了空气污染不分人群都会受到影响、人体多处器官都会受到伤害、不管室内还是室外空气污染都会致病，这是用多方面的例子来提醒人们要重视空气污染。in many ways通常用于列举例子，符合句意，故选A。

【6】句意：不仅年幼的儿童和老人会受到困扰。

考查动词。A. endure忍耐；B. bear承受；C. suffer受折磨、遭受。根据后半句的suffer提示，此处也应用suffer。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“遭受、忍受”，符合句意，故选C。

【7】句意：没有健康问题的人也会受到影响。

考查连词。A. yet还未；B. but also而且；C. or或者。根据句中not only提示，此处是固定搭配not only … but also …意为“不仅……而且……”，符合句意，故选B。

【8】句意：室内空气污染会伤害人的眼睛、鼻子和喉咙。

考查动词。A. hit击、打；B. hurt伤害；C. pollute污染。根据上文“American doctors say that 50% of the illnesses have something to do with the polluted indoor air”可知，50%的疾病与被污染的室内空气有关，故此处说的是“室内空气污染会伤害人的眼睛、鼻子和喉咙”，空格处应填入意为“伤害”的动词。故选B。

【9】句意：不管室内还是室外的空气污染都会导致肺癌和心脏病！

考查动词。A. cause造成、引起；B. get获得；C. lead导致。结合常识可知，此处说的是“不管室内还是室外的空气污染都会导致肺癌和心脏病”，空格处应填入意为“造成、导致”的动词。而A选项cause为及物动词，而空格后有介词to，而lead to为固定搭配，意为“导致”，符合句意，故选C。

【10】句意：四千人在几天内死于污染！

考查介词短语。A. because of因为、由于；B. thanks to多亏、归因于，通常用于好的方面；C. related to涉及。根据下文“It is said that half a million young children and women die each year in India because of indoor air pollution”可知，空格处也应填入because of，意为“因为、由于”，符合句意，故选A。