科目：初中英语 来源：2013-2014学年辽宁省大石桥市九年级上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：翻译
阅读下面短文，将短文中划线部分的句子译成中文。（共6分，每小题2分）
In the United States, many people use cell phones. But few send messages with them. Most of them don’t even like to try it. Do you find it strange?
Computers are very common in America. 1. Most people like using e-mails more than messages. Sending e-mails is faster than sending messages .They don’t need to choose the letters one by one . It can save more time . And they like talking on the phone. They don’t feel good when “talking ”by sending messages to each other.
Another reason is to save money. Americans are excited about new cell phones .But they think a lot before they buy. So many people’s cell phones are still very old . They can’t send messages.
2.In the U.S. ,people call for free from 7(or9)o’clock in the evening. But if they send messages ,they still have to pay. A message costs about 10 cents . It is too much.
3.It is also bad manners to greet by sending messages in American. Americans are happier to get cards from their families or friends.
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科目：初中英语 来源：2011-2012学年北京市东城区中考二模英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Children can spend hours a day looking at computer screens and other digital devices(数码设备). Some eye doctors say this leads to an increase in “computer vision syndrome(电脑视力综合症).”
Nathan Bonilla-Warford is an optometrist（验光师）in Tampa, Florida. He has seen an increase in problems in children. “A lot more children come into the office either because their parents have noticed that they have headaches or red or watery eyes or discomfort, or because their nearsightedness appears to be increasing and they’re worried,” he says.
Dr. Bonilla-Warford says part of the problem is that children may be more likely to pay no attention to early warning signs than adults. “Even if their eyes start to feel uncomfortable or they start to get a headache, they’re less likely to tell their parents, because they don’t want to have the game or the computer or whatever taken away,” he explains.
He says another part of the problem is that people blink（眨眼）less often when they use digital devices. He says, “A person who uses an electronic device blinks about one third as much as we normally do in everyday life. And so that can result in the front part of the eye drying and not staying protected like normal.”
Eye doctors offer suggestions like following which is known as the 20/20/20 rule. That means every twenty minutes look away twenty feet or more for at least twenty seconds from whatever device you’re using.
Other suggestions include putting more distance between you and the device and using good lighting. Of course, another way is to spend less time looking at screens. Many experts say children should spend no more than two hours a day using digital devices—with no screen time for children under two.
But not all eye doctors have noticed an increase in problems in children. Dr. David Hunter, from Children’s Hospital Boston, has not seen an increase in his practice. “While it is possible to develop fatigue looking at screens for a long period of time, there’s certainly no proof that it actually causes any damage（伤害）to the eyes.” he says.
1.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
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A．Dr. Bonilla-Warford thinks using computers causes nearsightedness. |
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B．People keep their eyes protected against drying by blinking normally. |
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C．Children under two can watch TV for less than two hours a day. |
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D．Dr. David Hunter says headache causes an increase in eye problems. |
2.What does the underlined word “fatigue” mean?
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A．Interest. |
B．Ability. |
C．Tiredness. |
D．Difficulty. |
3.What can be the best title for the passage?
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A．Looking at Screen: Two Hours or More |
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B．How Can Children Use Their Eyes Properly |
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C．Using Digital Devices: Advantages and Disadvantages |
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D．How Much Screen Time Is Too Much for Children |
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科目：初中英语 来源：2011年宁夏银川市初二上学期期末考试英语卷 题型：阅读理解
There are over 800 boarding (寄宿) schools in the UK with students from home and foreign countries. Boarding schools started hundreds of years ago in the country. But the earliest boarding schools were set up for white, rich boys only. Now both boys and girls can go to boarding schools from the age of 7 to 18.
What to do
In the UK, boarding schools have three terms in a school year, with about 13 weeks in each term. Students study and live together. They can’t go outside if they are not allowed to. In some schools, each student has his or her subject plan. Besides the usual classrooms and laboratories, the boarding schools have lots of other facilities for their students, including music rooms, boats, swimming pools, cinemas and theatres. Most boarding schools have a “light out” time. So when it’s time to go to bed, all the lights in the bedrooms are turned off. There are house-masters to take care of students all the time, especially after school hours.
What to wear
Nearly all students at boarding schools wear a school uniform. Boys usually wear a shirt and a tie, and girls wear a white blouse, sometimes also a tie and a skirt. As students get older, the rules become less strict.
_______________
In the UK, boarding schools provide students with delicious food. They can choose to have a full English breakfast or simply bread. They can also choose between a meal with no meat and another meal at lunch and dinner. And there is always self-service for salad (沙拉), other side dishes and a dessert. Students can also make themselves something to eat at any time in a kitchen, or drink tea or have a snack between meals.
1. Which of the following is TRUE according to (根据) the passage?
A. Only white children were allowed to attend the earliest boarding schools.
B. Students in a boarding school are looked after only after school hours.
C. As students get older, the rules about wearing school uniforms become stricter.
D. Students can have different activities in a boarding school.
2.Which is the best title for the last paragraph?
A. What to eat B. When to eat C. Where to eat D. How to eat
3. The underlined word ‘facilities’ means _____________.
A. 教师 B. 设施 C. 活动 D. 课程
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科目：初中英语 来源：2011年宁夏银川市初二上学期期末考试英语卷 题型：完型填空
Monty Robert’s father was a horse trainer. As a child, Monty often went from one farm to 21 with his father. Sometimes they didn’t have enough money to 22 food, but Monty still kept hoping to own a 23 farm.
When he was in school, his teacher asked him to write a paper 24 what he wanted to be and do when he grew up. He wrote a seven-page paper 25 his dream of having a horse farm one day. He 26 drew a picture of a horse farm in the paper.
The next day he handed 27 in to his teacher. Two days later, he got his paper back. On the front page was a large red “F” with some words “See me after class.” 28 the boy did and asked his teacher, “Why did I get an F?” The teacher said, “This dream will not 29 for a young boy like you. 30 a horse farm needs a lot of money. You have to buy the land. You have to pay for a lot of things. There is no way you could ever do it.” Then the teacher added, “If you write this paper again with a 31 dream, I will give you a good grade.”
After school he thought about it 32 . At last, he decided to hand in the same paper, making 33 changes at all. He wrote, “You can keep the F and I’ll keep my 34 .”
Many years later, Monty had his own 200 acres horse farm. His dream came true.
So don’t let 35 take away your dreams. Follow your dreams, no matter what they are.
1. A. another B. the others C. other D. the other
2. A. look for B. pay for C. wait for D. ask for
3. A. horse B. chicken C. pig D. flower
4.A. in B. at C. about D. off
5. A. talking about B. talking with C. talking to D.talking over
6. A. ever B. even C. never D. over
7.A. them B. farm C. it D. picture
8. A. Or B. So C. But D. And
9.A. come back B. come from C. come true D.come down
10. A. Owning B. Drawing C. Asking D. Writing
11. A. difficult B. high C. bad D. simple
12. A. easily B. hard C. heavily D. hardly
13. A. any B. some C. all D. no
14. A. horse B. land C. dream D. paper
15.A. anyone B. everyone C. someone D. none
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科目：初中英语 来源：2010年江西省初二上学期期中考试英语卷 题型：补充句子
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文，将选项的编号依次填人题后的横线上。
Do you laugh every day? Most people do． 1 That is a lot of laughter．
In India，there are hundreds of laughter clubs． 2 First they put up their hands above their heads．Then they pretend to laugh．Soon everyone is laughing happily．People say they feel good after laughing together．
Scientists believe that laughter is good for you．Why? For one thing，laughter is good exercise． 3 Scientists say that one hundred laughs equals ten minutes of running．Laughing helps you relax．That’s good for you，too．
Why do we laugh? That is a hard question to answer． 4 They don’t laugh very often when they are alone．Many scientists believe that we use laughter to get on well with other people．Laughter helps us feel part of a group．
5 Some think that laughter makes sick people get better．Do you think so，too?
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