Question

【题目】 Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.

Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told he was hopeless in science and finished bottom of his class. However, aged 79, the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.

Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance(坚持不懈) can lead.

At the age of 15 in 1948, Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject. Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was quite ridiculous．

In spite of his teacher's criticism（批评）, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab earlier and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.

“My own belief is that we will, in the end, understand everything about how cells actually work，” Gurdon said.

In 1962, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的) information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create the sheep Dolly in 1996, the first cloned mammal(哺乳动物) in the world.

In 2006, Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample(样本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells. Using this technique, doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

“Luck favors the prepared mind，”Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. “Ninety percent of the time things don't work, but when they do, you have to seize (抓住) the chance.”

【1】Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?

A.Sir John Gurdon.B.Shinya Yamanaka.

C.Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka.D.Gurdon's science teacher.

【2】What does the underlined word “ridiculous” mean in Chinese?

A.无知的B.无畏的C.荒废的D.荒谬的

【3】According to the passage, which statement is true?

A.As a boy, Gurdon was told he was hopeful.

B.Gurdon ranked first at his high school in biology.

C.It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

D.In spite of his teacher's criticism, Gurdon kept working hard.

【4】What's the main idea of the passage?

A.Ninety percent of the time things don't work.B.Luck favors the prepared mind.

C.Life is full of surprises.D.How cells actually work.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】D

【4】B

【解析】

文章大意：文章讲述了John Gurdon通过自己的努力，成为一名出色的科学家的故事。这个故事告诉我们好运是留给有准备的人的。

【1】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三行“the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka”可知，在2012年，Shinya Yamanaka和Gurdon获得了诺贝尔奖，故选C。

【2】词句猜测题。根据第四段第一、二行“Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject”可知，Gurdon在学校的成绩排在最后，由此推出老师觉得Gurdon是荒谬的，故选D。

【3】细节理解题。根据第二段第一行“As a boy, he was told he was hopeless in science”可知，A是错误的；根据第四段第一行“Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology”可知，B是错误的；根据倒数第二段的第二、三行“Using this technique, doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack”可知，C是错误的；根据第五段第一行“In spite of his teacher's criticism（批评）, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard”可知，尽管他的老师批评他，他还是坚持努力工作，所以D是正确的，故选D。

【4】主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是Gurdon通过努力坚持而成功的故事，所以B选项的幸运青睐有准备的人符合此文的主旨。故选B。