Question

【题目】The earth is about 4,600 million years old. Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed the earth in many ways. Many of the things that we have done are good, but more are not good for the earth.

Water Pollution

A lot of people, birds and fish die each day because of water pollution. Factories have polluted the land and the water. As a result, many rivers and lakes are now dead.

Air Pollution

In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems. For example, Mexico City used to be a beautiful sunny capital, but today it is always covered by thick brown clouds.

Soil Pollution

In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields. That’s bad for the soil. But this kind of pollution is difficult to stop.

Hope For The Future

These problems are very serious for our future, so all of us should do something to improve our environment. If we can stop pollution, our planet will become more and more beautiful and our health will be better. Let’s be greener people!

根据短文内容，选择正确答案，并将其字母代号填入答题卡相应空格内。

【1】________ have made the earth change a lot.

A. Plants B. Animals C. Human beings D. Water

【2】There are ________ kinds of pollution in this passage.

A. two B. three C. four D. five

【3】________is a big problem now.

A. Pollution B. Population C. Education D. Medical treatment

【4】The underlined word “chemicals” in the passage means“________”in Chinese.

A. 农用工具 B. 建筑材料 C. 化学药物 D. 营养物质

【5】Which sentence is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital.

B. Air pollution can make people sick.

C. Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields.

D. Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of soil pollution.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】 C

【2】 B

【3】 A

【4】 C

【5】 B

【解析】

这篇短文讲述了人类活动对地球造成的影响。有些影响对地球有利，但更多的行为对地球有害。作者从水污染、空气污染和土壤污染说明人类活动对地球造成的有害影响，并对未来进行了提出了希望，号召大家成为绿色人。

【1】题意：________使地球发生了很大的变化。考查细节理解。A. Plants植物；B. Animals动物；C. Human beings人类；D. Water水。根据第一段第二句Modern man has lived on the earth for only 35,000 years, but during that time, we have changed the earth in many ways.（现代人在地球上只生活了35000年，但在那期间，我们在许多方面改变了地球。）可知是人类使地球发生了很大的变化。选C。

【2】题意：在这篇文章里有___________种污染。考查细节理解。A. two二；B. three三；C. four四；D. five五。从整体来看，可知文中提到三种污染（从第二到四段），他们分别是Water Pollution（水污染），Air Pollution（空气污染）和Soil Pollution（土壤污染）。故选B。

【3】题意：现在_______是个大问题。考查细节理解。A. Pollution污染；B. Population人口；C. Education教育；D. Medical treatment医疗。根据第二段至第四段讲述了水污染、空气污染和土壤污染，并且很严重，可知现在污染是个大问题。选A。

【4】题意：文中下画线“chemicals”一词在汉语中的意思是“______________”。A. 农用工具；B. 建筑材料；C. 化学药物；D. 营养物质。考查词义推测。根据下文That’s bad for the soil（对土壤有害）可知上文In order to have a good harvest, most of the farmers use chemicals too much in their fields.句意是：为了获得丰收，大多数农民在他们的田地里使用了太多的化学药物。可知chemicals是“化学药物”。也可结合学过的单词Chemistry（化学），它的形容词chemical化学的，可知chemical还可做名词讲“化学药品，化学制品”。选C。

【5】题意：根据这篇文章，哪句话是正确的？考查细节理解。A. Though Mexico city is always covered by thick brown clouds, it’s still a beautiful sunny capital. 虽然墨西哥城总是笼罩着厚厚的棕色云，但它仍然是一个美丽的阳光之都；B. Air pollution can make people sick. 空气污染会使人生病；C. Now fewer farmers use chemicals in the fields. 现在更少的农民在田地里使用化学制品；D. Factories, cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of soil pollution. 工厂、汽车、卡车和公共汽车是造成土壤污染的主要原因。根据第三段第一和二句In big cities, factories, as well as cars, trucks and buses are the main causes of air pollution. Many people in cities now have serious health problems.（在大城市，工厂以及汽车、卡车和公共汽车是造成空气污染的主要原因。许多城市的人现在有严重的健康问题。）可知空气污染会使人生病。选B。

阅读理解最能体现学生的英语能力的题型，分值较高。如何通过解题方法的掌握来提升自己解答阅读理解题的技巧是学生最关心的问题。初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力，主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意根据短文内容做出正确的答案。（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜词能力。做这种题型时，要根据上下文意思准确猜出词意。3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。（4）考查主旨理解题。此类题型需通读文中，整体把握，根据本文主要内容选择合适的选项。