17.Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.
Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this.As a boy,he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class.Now,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell(干细胞) researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists,Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance(坚持不懈) can lead.
At the age of 15in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject.Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was"quite ridiculous".
In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.He went to the lab early and left later than anyone else.He experienced thousands of failures.
"My own belief is that we will,in the end,understand everything about how cells actually work."Gurdon said.
In 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的) information into an egg cell.The egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog.This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal(哺乳动物) in the world.
In 2006,Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample (样本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells.Using the technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
"Luck favors the prepared mind,"Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization."Ninety percent of the time things don't work,but when they do,you have to seize(抓住) the chance."
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案,并在答题卡上按要求作答.
66.Who won the 2012Nobel Prize in Medicine?C
A.Sir John Gurdon.
B.Shinya Yamanaka.
C.Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka
D.Gurdon's science teacher.
67.In what order are the followings mentioned in the passage?B
a.create the sheep Dolly
b.take a cell from an adult frog
c.use a person's skin to create stem cells
d.move a frog's genetic information into an egg cell
e.grow into a clone of a frog
A.b-a-c-d-e
B.b-d-e-a-c
C.b-d-a-c-e
D.b-e-d-a-c
68.What does the underlined word"ridiculous"mean?D
A.无知的
B.无谓的
C.荒废的
D.荒谬的
69.According to the passage,which statement is true?D
A.As a boy,Gurdon was told he was hopeful.
B.Gurdon ranked first at his high school in biology.
C.It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.
D.In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon kept working hard.
70.What's the main idea of the passage?C
A.Ninety percent of the time things don't work.
B.Stem cells were created.
C.Life is full of surprises.
D.How to know cells actually work.
分析 这篇文章主要介绍一位诺贝尔医学奖获得者John Gurdon,他在小时候受尽质疑,但是凭借着不放弃、勇往直前的精神最终获得成功.
解答 答案:66.C 细节理解题.根据第二段最后一句Now,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka."可知79岁的Gurdon和日本干细胞研究者Shinya Yamanaka共同获得2012年诺贝尔医学奖."故选C.
67.B 细节排序题.根据倒数第二、三段句子In 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic(基因的) information into an egg cell.The egg cell then grew into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog.This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996,the first cloned mammal(哺乳动物) in the world.In 2006,Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample (样本) of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells.Using the technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.1962年,Gurdon从一个成年青蛙细胞并将其遗传信息移到一个卵细胞,卵细胞就成长为成年青蛙进行克隆.1996年,后来这项技术帮助克隆羊多莉的诞生,第一个克隆哺乳动物.2006年、格登的工作是由一个人的皮肤样品可产生干细胞.利用该技术,医生可以修复心肌梗死后患者的心脏.可知结合选项,正确顺序为b-d-e-a-c.故选B.
68.D 词义猜测题.根据第三段内容介绍Gurdon的老师对他的质疑和批评,认为他不可能成才.Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was"quite ridiculous".Gerdon的高中科学老师甚至说他成为一名科学家的梦想很…"可知结合选项,应说Gerdon的高中科学老师甚至说他成为一名科学家的梦想很荒谬.故选D.
69.D 细节判断题.根据第五段第一句话In spite of his teacher's criticisms,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.可知尽管他的老师的批评,Gurdon跟着自己的好奇心努力工作.故选D.
70.C 主旨归纳题.根据整篇文章内容及其第一段句子Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.生活充满惊喜,你永远不知道事情会怎样发展.可知文章主要介绍一位诺贝尔医学奖获得者John Gurdon,他在小时候受尽质疑,但是凭借着不放弃、勇往直前的精神最终获得成功.告诉我们生活充满惊喜,你永远不知道事情会怎样发展.故选C.
点评 在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真观察选项,仔细推敲,确定最佳答案.