Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart. He or she will, in a lifetime, push it many miles. But few will know—or even think to ask—who invented it.

Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers carrying the shopping baskets hard.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels.The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help increase more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention. But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try. After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts. “Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied. But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success as long as he didn’t give up. Later, Goldman came up with a good idea. He hired(雇佣) a group of people to push carts around his market as if they were shopping. His creative idea achieved a great success.

As Goldman had hoped, larger and larger numbers of customers came to his market after a short period. With larger, easier-to-handle baskets, customers bought a greater number of things than before.

Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s earliest model. Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did in 1937—before the coming of the shopping cart. Perhaps the shopping cart is one reason.

1.When was the shopping cart invented?

________________________________________________________________________

2.Did shoppers like to try Goldman’s invention when it first appeared in his market?

________________________________________________________________________

3.Why did Goldman hire people to push carts in the market as if they were shopping?

_______________________________________________________________________

4.Will you be one of the first users when a new invention appears? Why or why not?

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根据所给提示，完成句子。每空一词，含缩略词。

1.He should be allowed to hang out with his friends after school. (改为否定句)

He________ ________ be allowed to hang out with his friends after school.

2.Your teachers will take pride in you because of your courage. (改为同义句)

Your teachers will be________ ________ you because of your courage.

3.It’s January 26th today. (对划线部分提问)

______the________ today?

4.他已经领着我看过他的新房子了。

He has________ me____________his new house.

5.能否打到出租车取决于你什么时候离开去机场。

______or not you can take a taxi depends on when you will leave_______the airport.

You may want to stay in bed late when it’s_________ to get up to school or work．The later you stay in bed in the morning，the more painful waking up will be. __________are a few tips(秘诀)that may help you to keep completely awake in the morning．

Light. Turn_________all the lights in your room right after waking up. Getting bright light can help you think it’s time to get out of bed．

Exercise._________some exercise right at the start of your morning. Exercise helps your heart beating faster and keeps you more awake．

The 10-Minute Rule. If you want to wake up at the same time every day, _________the ten-minute rule. This means you have to keep alert(警觉的)for the next ten minutes. If you keep awake during the ten minutes after you wake up, the thought of ___________back to bed is usually gone.

Active work. Start your day by doing active work. Creative activities___________writing, drawing and designing work are good. By concentrating your mind early you can keep concentrated and awake.

Do not skip(略过)your breakfast. Wake up early ____8____ get something to eat. Skipping breakfast throws your metabolism(新陈代谢)out of balance, causing you to be fat and lose energy.

1.________

2.________

3.________

4.________

5.________

6.________

7.________

8.________

书面表达

2018 年 1 月 1 日，我国开始向企业征收环保税。 这一举措引发重庆人民的关注。请就此新闻，写一篇 评论。

参考要点：

1. 政府征收环保税有哪些原因；

2. 环保税开征后重庆将会发生哪些变化；

3. 从个人角度说明应为环保做哪些贡献。

要求：

1. 要点齐全，语言流畅；

2. 80 —120 词，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数；

3. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。

On January 1st, the government began to levy a tax on (征税) the companies and factories

which cause pollution. People in Chongqing pay close attention to it.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Listen and choose the right picture（根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片）：

A B C D

E F G H

1.________

2.________

3.________

4.________

5.________

6.________

A.Milk and bread. B.Chicken and bread. C.Milk and fish. D.Fish and chips.

A.Fine. B.Rainy. C.Windy. D.Cloudy.

A.Room 302. B.Room 203. C.Room 304. D.Room 204.

A.John Smith is not in. B.The woman has got a wrong number.

C.He'll look for John Smith for her. D.John Smith doesn't know the woman.

A.Bob. B.Frank. C.Paul. D.George.