It is common to believe that learning just takes place in school, but much of human learning happens outside the classroom, even from birth and people continue to learn throughout their lives.
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn subjects like reading, writing, and maths. They also continue to learn a lot outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for communicating with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to deal with many changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and influences almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Scientists, social workers and other human service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.
Learning is closely related (相关的) to memory, which is the storage(储存) of information in the brain (大脑). Scientists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later offers knowledge when we need it. However, scientists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences.

1. 1.

   The underlined word “siblings” in Paragraph 2 probably means _________

   1. A.
      teachers
   2. B.
      classmates
   3. C.
      doctors
   4. D.
      brothers or sisters
2. 2.

   When do children begin to know to behave well according to the passage?

   1. A.
      After they go into society
   2. B.
      Before they enter school
   3. C.
      When they are at school
   4. D.
      Before they are born
3. 3.

   Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

   1. A.
      As a matter of fact, learning begins at a person’s birth and last the whole life
   2. B.
      Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students
   3. C.
      People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors
   4. D.
      Social workers need to study how experiences affect people’s thoughts

It is the 22^nd century (世纪)and it is very popular to change people’s bodies.
Mr. Smith decided to change his body. He changed his big nose to a small one, and his old and gray hair to short and blond hair. He also bought new green eyes, new hands, new arms, new knees and new feet. Mrs. Smith was happy because Mr. Smith’s new feet didn’t smell as bad as his old feet.
However, something bad happened. One morning, Mr. Smith woke up and his new nose didn’t work. The next morning he couldn’t hear anything. Then his new blond hair went gray, and his new knees didn’t move. And finally he could see nothing with his green eyes.
It was really terrible. Mr. Smith wanted his old body back. However, he had to pay 100,000 euro (欧元)for his old body.
It was expensive but Mr. Smith still got his own body back. He would never follow the fashion.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案，

1. 1.

   What was Mr. Smith’s new hair like?

   1. A.
      Short and gray
   2. B.
      Long and gray
   3. C.
      Short and blond
   4. D.
      Long and blond
2. 2.

   Why was Mrs. Smith happy?

   1. A.
      Because Mr. Smith’s new look was cool
   2. B.
      Because Mr. Smith’s new feet were small
   3. C.
      Because Mr. Smith looked younger than before
   4. D.
      Because Mr. Smith’s new feet didn’t smell bad
3. 3.

   What did Mr. Smith think of his new body at the beginning?

   1. A.
      Strange
   2. B.
      Fantastic
   3. C.
      Terrible
   4. D.
      Clean
4. 4.

   Which part of Mr. Smith’s body went wrong first?

   1. A.
      The new nose
   2. B.
      The new eyes
   3. C.
      The new knees
   4. D.
      The new ears
5. 5.

   What did Mr. Smith pay 100,000 euro for?

   1. A.
      Buying his new nose
   2. B.
      Getting his old eyes
   3. C.
      Buying another new body
   4. D.
      Getting his old body back

The willful blindness  in hockey toward concussions (头部撞击) has dropped. Hockey Canada has followed the lead of USA Hockey in preventing bodychecking (身体拦截) below age 13. A bad head injury of Sidney Crosby, the hockey's greatest star, opened the eyes of hockey people everywhere. This country's children have been facing similar danger at early ages, and Hockey Canada had to deal with a deep worry in the minds of Canadians to make the rule change. The liking for bodychecking from an early age is part of what makes Canadian hockey what it is.
The change in rules should be taken as a chance to draw special attention to skill development in an environment free of danger.  It may also control the loss of thousands of young players who don't enjoy that environment.
For years, many Canadian hockey parents and coaches have insisted that bodychecking at early ages is necessary to ensure that players can do it safely at older ages. True or not, there may be a safer way to teach hitting than to make younger players pay a price for it in head injuries. When USA Hockey changed its rules for the 2011-2012 season, it also created bodychecking-education programs that will be mandatory(强制的) for all coaches,  including those teaching players in  the pre-checking ages. And it began to encourage more "touch" - without real bodychecking - from 9 t0 12. It also made the rules for 13 and up stricter. The USA is trying to show that it's possible to teach hockey protective skills without putting11 and 12-year-olds in greater danger. It's worth the try.
Hockey Canada has taken serious steps to do away with hits on the head. However, it's hard to change a sports culture so connected with who we are as a country. Too often, bodychecking has been used to try to separate a player from his head rather than from the ball. Children were paying a price for this country's love of the game.
There are always changes in Canada's game, and the change in the bodychecking age sends the clearest message yet to coaches and parents that player safety is paramount(至上的) in the game

1. 1.

   We can tell that the problem of bodychecking in Canada____________

   1. A.
      is controlled strictly
   2. B.
      is taken more seriously now
   3. C.
      is caused by players' carelessness
   4. D.
      is connected with players' interest
2. 2.

   What does the writer want to tell us in Paragraph 2?

   1. A.
      The safe ways of controlling the loss
   2. B.
      The steps of drawing special attention
   3. C.
      The possible results of changing the rules
   4. D.
      The methods of improving the environment
3. 3.

   What can we learn from the passage?

   1. A.
      The USA found a safer way to teach bodychecking
   2. B.
      Bodychecking-education programs in the USA are successful
   3. C.
      Bodychecking is a good way to value players' skills in the USA
   4. D.
      The USA has tried to create an environment of less bodychecking
4. 4.

   What is probably the best title' for this passage?

   1. A.
      Which is more important?
   2. B.
      How do we change the rules?
   3. C.
      Why is hockey a dangerous game?
   4. D.
      When should bodychecking be prevented?

Reading newspapers has become an important part of everyday life. Some people read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning, others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is happening in the world.
Sometimes, we do not have enough time to read all the news carefully, so we just take a quick loot at the front page. At other times, we may be in such a hurry that we only have a few minutes to look at the headlines(标题) of te passage.
Newspapers can be found everywhere in the world. We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities, but in some mountain villages we can see few newspapers.
Some newspapers are published (出版) once a week, but most of the papers are published once a day with many pages, some even published twice a day! You know different people enjoy reading different newspapers. Some like world news, and others prefer short stories. They just choose what they are interested in.
Today newspapers in English have the largest numbers of readers in the world, The English language is so popular that many Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily or 21^st Century. Also they bring us more and more information with internet

1. 1.

   People read newspapers in order to            

   1. A.
      learn the latest news
   2. B.
      meet their own different needs
   3. C.
      read the short stories
   4. D.
      find the morning news
2. 2.

   From the passage we can see that            when people get newspapers

   1. A.
      they read them very carefully
   2. B.
      they just read the headlines
   3. C.
      not everyone reads all the pages
   4. D.
      they have no time to read them
3. 3.

   According to the passage, besides newspapers, people also get information from           

   1. A.
      magazines
   2. B.
      advertisements
   3. C.
      e-mails
   4. D.
      internet

It’s the end of class.When the bell rings, students of Luohu Foreign Languages School in Shenzhen quickly take out their telephones.They want to log on to their micro blogs (登录到他们的微博) to check the interesting things.They want to see what have happened in the last hour.
Since several years ago, more and more people have used micro blogs in our country.Recent surveys (调查) shows that most students in middle schools have a micro blog and some even update (更新) their blogs over five times per day.
“We learn many fresh and interesting things on micro blogs and they have become popular topics in class,” said Kitty Jiang, 14.“If you do not know about them, you are out of loop.” It is also a great place for students to say something about themselves.“My parents always ask me to study hard, and encourage me before exams, but it really gives me pressure (压力),” said Alan Wang, 15.“I share these feelings on my micro blog.My friends always give me answers in the same situation.This makes me feel better.”
But parents worry that micro blogging could be a waste of time.Some unhealthy information may even bring danger to kids, they said.
Mr Shen, a professor (教授) asks parents not to worry too much as long as kids are not crazy about micro blogging.Maybe it can become a window for parents to understand their children.“If parents can read their children’s micro blogs, they’ll know what they think, they can know more about their children and help them solve their problems,” he said.He also gives some advice for kids.
-Don’t micro blog for more than one hour a day.
-Never micro blog in class.
-Try to talk face to face with people from time to time.
-Don’t believe all the information on a micro blog

1. 1.

   According to the passage, what do students log on to their micro blogs to do?

   1. A.
      check the things
   2. B.
      write articles
   3. C.
      listen to music
   4. D.
      call their parents
2. 2.

   What’s the meaning of the underlined part “out of loop” in the passage?

   1. A.
      not excited
   2. B.
      unhealthy
   3. C.
      unlucky
   4. D.
      not popular
3. 3.

   From Mr Shen’s words, what do micro blogging do?

   1. A.
      It makes kids crazy while logging on to it
   2. B.
      It will bring a lot of unhealthy information
   3. C.
      It becomes a window to understand young kids
   4. D.
      It will not solve problems for kids
4. 4.

   Which of the following sentence is true according to the passage?

   1. A.
      It’s good for kids to micro blog for more than one hour a day
   2. B.
      Kids should believe all the messages on a micro blog because they are useful
   3. C.
      Many young people have written something on micro blogs since two years ago
   4. D.
      Kids should try to talk face to face with people, not just micro blogging

完形填空。
Clerk：Can I help you?
Jenny：Yes, please. Do you1black schoolbags?
Clerk：Yes. We have black ones, red ones2blue ones.
Jenny：How3are they?
Clerk：Each of them is fifteen4.
Jenny：Great! Well, I5a T-shirt. Can you tell me the prices of your T-shirts?
Clerk：OK. Look! These red T-shirts6seven dollars. Do you7the color?
Jenny：Yes, I do. How much are those yellow T-shirts8the table?
Clerk：Fifteen dollars each. And9black T-shirts are twenty dollars.
Jenny：OK! I’ll10a red one. Thank you.
Clerk：You’re welcome.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      have
   2. B.
      see
   3. C.
      want
2. 2.
   1. A.
      or
   2. B.
      but
   3. C.
      and
3. 3.
   1. A.
      long
   2. B.
      many
   3. C.
      much
4. 4.
   1. A.
      dollar
   2. B.
      dollars
   3. C.
      dollar’s
5. 5.
   1. A.
      want
   2. B.
      have
   3. C.
      buy
6. 6.
   1. A.
      am
   2. B.
      is
   3. C.
      are
7. 7.
   1. A.
      find
   2. B.
      like
   3. C.
      meet
8. 8.
   1. A.
      for
   2. B.
      of
   3. C.
      on
9. 9.
   1. A.
      this
   2. B.
      that
   3. C.
      those
10. 10.
    1. A.
       bring
    2. B.
       take
    3. C.
       sell

Many people learn English from English movies. However, some people watch hundreds of 1, they still have problems understanding what the actors say! The main reason for this is that they2watch it with the purpose(目的) of learning English.
3 you want to learn English from English movies, you should follow the following steps(步骤)，or you may waste your time and learn 4.
Step 1:Watch a movie with Chinese subtitles(字幕) for the 5time. Your eyes and ears should work all the time. And try to 6 the main idea of the movie.
Step 2: Watch it again, still with subtitles. But now try your best to look at 7 less often, and 8 as much as possible. Look at the subtitles 9 only when you really don’t understand.
Step 3: Watch it without subtitles. It sounds 10, but after enough 11 during the first two steps, you’ll find it easier to watch movies in 12.
But don’t go to the last step too quickly 13 it could make you feel bad. However, if you go to watch it when you’re ready, you may 14 that watching a movie in English is a piece of cake for 15

1. 1.
   1. A.
      games
   2. B.
      shows
   3. C.
      plays
   4. D.
      movies
2. 2.
   1. A.
      should
   2. B.
      might
   3. C.
      don’t
   4. D.
      could
3. 3.
   1. A.
      If
   2. B.
      After
   3. C.
      Before
   4. D.
      So
4. 4.
   1. A.
      anything
   2. B.
      nothing
   3. C.
      everything
   4. D.
      something
5. 5.
   1. A.
      same
   2. B.
      first
   3. C.
      next
   4. D.
      last
6. 6.
   1. A.
      lose
   2. B.
      forget
   3. C.
      leave
   4. D.
      get
7. 7.
   1. A.
      them
   2. B.
      it
   3. C.
      the movie
   4. D.
      your watch
8. 8.
   1. A.
      listen
   2. B.
      look
   3. C.
      touch
   4. D.
      plan
9. 9.
   1. A.
      quietly
   2. B.
      beautifully
   3. C.
      quickly
   4. D.
      seriously
10. 10.
    1. A.
       easy
    2. B.
       difficult
    3. C.
       famous
    4. D.
       unlucky
11. 11.
    1. A.
       information
    2. B.
       practice
    3. C.
       discussion
    4. D.
       culture
12. 12.
    1. A.
       Chinese
    2. B.
       Russian
    3. C.
       America
    4. D.
       English
13. 13.
    1. A.
       because
    2. B.
       although
    3. C.
       after
    4. D.
       so
14. 14.
    1. A.
       look for
    2. B.
       find
    3. C.
       hope
    4. D.
       choose
15. 15.
    1. A.
       me
    2. B.
       them
    3. C.
       you
    4. D.
       us

There are many ways for us to reduce(减少) waste. For 1, we can reduce paper and plastic bags. We can also recycle newspapers, glass, and cans(易拉罐) to make new things. Here are some useful ways to 2 waste.
Write on 3 sides of paper
Many people write on only one side of their paper. Why not stop wasting the other side? Some students only use half the pages of their 4 before getting new ones. Try to use up all the paper. People often give cards on birthdays or festivals. How about trying to 5 e-cards instead?
Don’t throw away your old batteries.
Maybe you do not know that old batteries make the earth 6. This is because they have poisonous parts in them. So, don’t throw away batteries. 7 them together. Try to use rechargeable(充电的) batteries for your games and CD players.
Give off all your unwanted clothes
There are many poor families in China. You may ask your mother to 8 your unwanted clothes. Then you can pass them on to those poor children. You will feel
9 that you are helping someone else. Also, you can understand 10 your friends or relatives(亲戚) want them before throwing them away.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      reason
   2. B.
      example
   3. C.
      use
   4. D.
      people
2. 2.
   1. A.
      produce
   2. B.
      protect
   3. C.
      reduce
   4. D.
      pollute
3. 3.
   1. A.
      every
   2. B.
      both
   3. C.
      all
   4. D.
      one
4. 4.
   1. A.
      exercises
   2. B.
      schoolbags
   3. C.
      notebooks
   4. D.
      papers
5. 5.
   1. A.
      send
   2. B.
      buy
   3. C.
      receive
   4. D.
      waste
6. 6.
   1. A.
      dry
   2. B.
      rich
   3. C.
      clean
   4. D.
      dirty
7. 7.
   1. A.
      Throw
   2. B.
      Keep
   3. C.
      Try
   4. D.
      Lose
8. 8.
   1. A.
      like
   2. B.
      sell
   3. C.
      throw
   4. D.
      collect
9. 9.
   1. A.
      angry
   2. B.
      tired
   3. C.
      moved
   4. D.
      happy
10. 10.
    1. A.
       that
    2. B.
       if
    3. C.
       though
    4. D.
       what

Today, more and more students surf the Internet. Whether(是否) students should surf the Internet is a hot topic. Different people have different opinions .Last week, we did a survey about students surfing the Internet. We think maybe it can help you learn a little. The survey below is from the students of No.14 Middle School. One hundred students joined in the survey.

How often they surf the Internet	Once a day	Once a week	Hardly ever
12%	68%	6%
How long every time	Half an hour	An hour	More than an hour
26%	57%	17%
What they like doing	Playing games	Studying	Chatting with friends
64%	22%	14%
Whether they have a best friend online (在线)	Yes	No
58%	42%
What they think of the Internet	Relaxing	Interesting and helpful(有帮助的)	Dangerous
60%	22%	3%

1. 1.

   Most students spend ______ on the Internet each time

   1. A.
      half an hour
   2. B.
      an hour
   3. C.
      more than an hour
   4. D.
      more than two hours
2. 2.

   Only a few students think the Internet is ______.

   1. A.
      relaxing
   2. B.
      interesting
   3. C.
      helpful
   4. D.
      dangerous
3. 3.

   According to the passage and the survey, we know ______.

   1. A.
      students shouldn’t play games on the Internet
   2. B.
      parents should let their children go online
   3. C.
      most students often study on the Internet
   4. D.
      most students go online just for relaxing themselves

1. 1.

   It is a photo of ______ bedroom

   1. A.
      Sally’s
   2. B.
      Tommy’s
   3. C.
      Tommy’s brother’s
   4. D.
      Tommy’s sister’s
2. 2.

   The desk is______.

   1. A.
      behind the bed
   2. B.
      not in the room
   3. C.
      near the window
   4. D.
      beside the bed
3. 3.

   You can’t see ______ in the photo

   1. A.
      the math book
   2. B.
      the baseball
   3. C.
      the English dictionary
   4. D.
      the computer
4. 4.

   The bookcase in the photo is ______.

   1. A.
      black
   2. B.
      white
   3. C.
      orange
   4. D.
      blue
5. 5.

   Which is NOT true (正确的 )?

   1. A.
      Two dictionaries are on the bookcase
   2. B.
      The pens are in the pencil case
   3. C.
      The backpack is under the chair
   4. D.
      The baseball is Tommy’s brother’s