【题目】在中国一些大的山脉和高山上能够同时看到雪线和林线(高海拔山地森林分布的上限),我国东部地区的山看不到雪线,青藏高原上的高山只能看到雪线却看不到林线,而新疆是欣赏雪线和林线的好地方。分别分析阐述上述现象的原因。
【答案】①我国东部山地看不到雪线是因为山体的高度不够高,达不到夏季积雪不融化的海拔高度。
②青藏高原平均海拔4000米以上;高原面上的山体由于海拔高气温低,根据温度随高度每升高100米下降0.6度的温度递减率,故山体上终年积雪不化;在青藏高原上,由于山体的海拔海拔高度高,热量不能满足树林植被的生长,所以在青藏高原上看不到林线而能看到雪线。
③新疆的地形为“三山夹两盆”,在海拔高的山顶上能看到雪线,而在海拔较低的盆地和河谷两侧的山上,热量能够满足森林植被的生长,所以在新疆能同时欣赏到雪线和林线。
【解析】
试题分析:该题主要考查雪线存在和森林存在的原因,雪线的存在和山体的海拔温度有关,森林存在与温度、降水有关。我国东部山地看不到雪线是因为山体的高度不够高,达不到夏季积雪不融化的海拔高度;青藏高原平均海拔4000米以上;高原面上的山体由于海拔高气温低,根据温度随高度每升高100米下降0.6度的温度递减率,故山体上终年积雪不化;在青藏高原上,由于山体的海拔海拔高度高,热量不能满足树林植被的生长,所以在青藏高原上看不到林线而能看到雪线;新疆的地形为“三山夹两盆”,在海拔高的山顶上能看到雪线,而在海拔较低的盆地和河谷两侧的山上,热量能够满足森林植被的生长,所以在新疆能同时欣赏到雪线和林线。
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