£¨14·Ö£©³£ÎÂʱ£¬ÔÚÏ¡ÈÜÒºÖÐc(H+)ºÍc(OH-)µÄ³Ë»ý×ÜÊǵÈÓÚ          ¡£
£¨1£©ËáÐÔÈÜÒºc(H+)     £¨Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±£¬ÏÂͬ£©c(OH-)£¬pH       7¡£
È˵ÄθҺÖк¬ÓÐÑÎËᣬ¾­²â¶¨Ä³ÈËθҺµÄpHΪ2£¬ÔòÆäÖеÄc(H+)=         mol/L¡£
ʳ´×³£ÓÃÓÚʳƷµ÷棬ÆäÖ÷Òª³É·ÖΪ´×Ëᣬ´×ËáµÄµçÀë·½³ÌʽΪ                       ¡£
£¨2£©ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬pH¾ùΪ3µÄÑÎËáºÍ´×ËáÈÜÒº£¬ÏÂÁи÷ÏîÖÐÏàµÈµÄÊÇ         £¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©¡£
¢ÙÈÜÒºÖÐc(H+)    ¢ÚËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È    ¢ÛÍêÈ«ÖкÍʱ£¬ÏûºÄNaOHµÄÖÊÁ¿
£¨3£©ÔÚ¢ÙNaCl¡¢¢ÚCH3COONa¡¢¢ÛNH4ClÈýÖÖÑÎÈÜÒºÖУ¬³£ÎÂϳÊËáÐÔµÄÊÇ      £¨ÌîÐòºÅ£¬ÏÂͬ£©£©, ³ÊÖÐÐÔµÄÊÇ       , ³Ê¼îÐÔµÄÊÇ       ¡£
£¨4£©ÂÈ»¯ÌúË®½âµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ                           £¬ÅäÖÆÂÈ»¯ÌúÈÜҺʱµÎ¼ÓÉÙÁ¿ÑÎËáµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ                            ¡£

£¨14·Ö£©1¡Á10-14
£¨1£©£¾  £¼   0.01   CH3COOHCH3COO-+H+
£¨2£©¢Ù    £¨3£©¢Û ¢Ù ¢Ú
£¨4£©Fe3++3H2OFe(OH)3+3H+     ÒÖÖÆFe3+Ë®½â

½âÎöÊÔÌâ·ÖÎö£º³£ÎÂʱ£¬ÔÚÏ¡ÈÜÒºÖÐc(H+)ºÍc(OH-)µÄ³Ë»ý¾ÍÊÇÊǵÄÀë×Ó»ý³£Êý£¬ÊýÖµµÈÓÚ1¡Á10-14¡£
£¨1£©³£ÎÂÏÂËáÐÔÈÜÒºÖÐÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÊÇ´óÓÚc(OH-)£¬´ËʱpH´óÓÚ7£»ÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈµÄ¸º¶ÔÊýÊÇpH£¬ËùÒÔÔÚpH£½2µÄÇé¿öÏ£¬c(H+)=0.01mol/L¡£´×ËáÊÇÈõËᣬ²¿·ÖµçÀ룬µçÀë·½³ÌʽÊÇ
CH3COOHCH3COO-+H+¡£
£¨2£©ÓÉÓÚÑÎËáÊÇÇ¿Ëᣬ¶ø´×ËáÊÇÈõËᣬËùÒÔÔÚpH¾ùΪ3µÄÑÎËáºÍ´×ËáÈÜÒºÖУ¬ÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÊÇÏàµÈµÄ£¬µ«´×ËáµÄŨ¶È´óÓÚÑÎËáµÄ£¬ËùÒÔ´×ËáÏûºÄµÄÇâÑõ»¯Äƶ࣬´ð°¸Ñ¡¢Ù¡£
£¨3£©ÂÈ»¯ÄÆÊÇÇ¿ËáÇ¿¼îÑΣ¬²»Ë®½â£¬ÈÜÒºÏÔÖÐÐÔ£»´×ËáÄÆÊÇÇ¿¼îÈõËáÑΣ¬Ë®½âÏÔ¼îÐÔ£»ÂÈ»¯ï§ÊÇÇ¿ËáÈõ¼îÑΣ¬Ë®½âÏÔËáÐÔ¡£
£¨4£©ÂÈ»¯ÌúÒ²ÊÇÇ¿ËáÈõ¼îÑΣ¬ÌúÀë×ÓË®½â£¬Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÌúºÍÑÎËᣬËùÒÔÅäÖÆÂÈ»¯ÌúÈÜҺʱµÎ¼ÓÉÙÁ¿ÑÎËáµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇÒÖÖÆÌúÀë×ÓµÄË®½â¡£
¿¼µã£º¿¼²éÈÜÒºËá¼îÐÔµÄÅжϡ¢ÑÎÀàË®½âµÄÓ¦ÓõÈ
µãÆÀ£ºÔÚÅжÏÈÜÒºËá¼îÐÔ£¬²»ÄÜÖ±½Ó¸ù¾ÝpHºÍ7µÄ´óС½øÐбȽϣ¬ÒòΪֻÓÐÔÚ³£Î³£Ñ¹Ï£¬²ÅÊÇ·ûºÏ¸Ã¹ØϵʽµÄ¡£¶øÇâÀë×ÓºÍOH£­Å¨¶ÈµÄÏà¶Ô´óСÊÇÔÚÈκÎÌõ¼þ϶¼ÊdzÉÁ¢µÄ¡£

Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÏ°Ìâ

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

Ë®ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚË®µÄµçÀëƽºâ£®
£¨1£©³£ÎÂʱ£¬ÔÚÏ¡ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©ºÍc£¨OH-£©µÄ³Ë»ý×ÜÊǵÈÓÚ
10-14
10-14
£®
£¨2£©Óá°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±Ìî¿Õ£º¼îÐÔÈÜÒºÖУ¬c£¨H+£©
£¼
£¼
c£¨OH-£©£¬ÔÚ³£ÎÂʱpH
£¾
£¾
7£®
£¨3£©ÓÐÏÂÁм¸ÖÖÈÜÒº£ºa£®NH3?H2O   b£®CH3COONa   c£®NH4Cl  d£®NaHSO4
³£ÎÂϳÊËáÐÔµÄÈÜÒºÓÐ
cd
cd
£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ»òµçÀë·½³Ìʽ±íʾÕâЩÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔµÄÔ­Òò£º
NH4++H2O¨TNH3?H2O+H+¡¢NaHSO4=Na++H++SO42-
NH4++H2O¨TNH3?H2O+H+¡¢NaHSO4=Na++H++SO42-
£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

£¨2013?Ìì½ò£©X¡¢Y¡¢Z¡¢Q¡¢RÊÇÎåÖÖ¶ÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØ£¬Ô­×ÓÐòÊýÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£®X¡¢YÁ½ÔªËØ×î¸ßÕý¼ÛÓë×îµÍ¸º¼ÛÖ®ºÍ¾ùΪ0£»QÓëXͬÖ÷×壻Z¡¢R·Ö±ðÊǵؿÇÖк¬Á¿×î¸ßµÄ·Ç½ðÊôÔªËغͽðÊôÔªËØ£®
Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©ÎåÖÖÔªËØÔ­×Ӱ뾶ÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ£¨Ð´ÔªËØ·ûºÅ£©
Na£¾Al£¾C£¾O£¾H
Na£¾Al£¾C£¾O£¾H
£®
£¨2£©XÓëYÄÜÐγɶàÖÖ»¯ºÏÎÆäÖмȺ¬¼«ÐÔ¼üÓÖº¬·Ç¼«ÐÔ¼ü£¬ÇÒÏà¶Ô·Ö×ÓÖÊÁ¿×îСµÄÎïÖÊÊÇ£¨Ð´·Ö×Óʽ£©
C2H2
C2H2
£®
£¨3£©ÓÉÒÔÉÏijЩԪËØ×é³ÉµÄ»¯ºÏÎïA¡¢B¡¢C¡¢DÓÐÈçÏÂת»¯¹Øϵ£ºA
C
D
 B£¨ÔÚË®ÈÜÒºÖнøÐУ©£¬ÆäÖУ¬CÊÇÈÜÓÚË®ÏÔËáÐÔµÄÆøÌ壺DÊǵ­»ÆÉ«¹ÌÌ壮
д³öCµÄ½á¹¹Ê½£º
O=C=O
O=C=O
£»DµÄµç×Óʽ£º
£®
¢ÙÈç¹ûA¡¢B¾ùÓÉÈýÖÖÔªËØ×é³É£¬BΪÁ½ÐÔ²»ÈÜÎÔòAµÄ»¯Ñ§Ê½Îª
NaAlO2
NaAlO2
£»
ÓÉAת»¯ÎªBµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ
2AlO2-+3H2O+CO2=2Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+CO32-
2AlO2-+3H2O+CO2=2Al£¨OH£©3¡ý+CO32-
£®
¢ÚÈç¹ûAÓÉÈýÖÖÔªËØ×é³É£¬BÓÉËÄÖÖÔªËØ×é³É£¬A¡¢BÈÜÒº¾ùÏÔ¼îÐÔ£®ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ±íʾAÈÜÒºÏÔ¼îÐÔµÄÔ­Òò£º
CO32-+H2O?HCO3-+OH-
CO32-+H2O?HCO3-+OH-
£®A¡¢BŨ¶È¾ùΪ0.1mol?L-1µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖУ¬Àë×ÓŨ¶ÈÓÉ´óµ½Ð¡µÄ˳ÐòÊÇ
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HCO3-£©£¾c£¨CO32-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
c£¨Na+£©£¾c£¨HCO3-£©£¾c£¨CO32-£©£¾c£¨OH-£©£¾c£¨H+£©
£»³£ÎÂÏ£¬ÔÚ¸ÃÈÜÒºÖеμÓÏ¡ÑÎËáÖÁÖÐÐÔʱ£¬ÈÜÖʵÄÖ÷Òª³É·ÖÓÐ
NaCl¡¢NaHCO3¡¢H2CO3
NaCl¡¢NaHCO3¡¢H2CO3
£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º2013½ìÔÆÄÏÊ¡¸ß¶þ6ÔÂÔ¿¼»¯Ñ§ÊÔ¾í£¨½âÎö°æ£© ÌâÐÍ£ºÌî¿ÕÌâ

£¨14·Ö£©³£ÎÂʱ£¬ÔÚÏ¡ÈÜÒºÖÐc(H+)ºÍc(OH-)µÄ³Ë»ý×ÜÊǵÈÓÚ           ¡£

£¨1£©ËáÐÔÈÜÒºc(H+)      £¨Ìî¡°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±£¬ÏÂͬ£©c(OH-)£¬pH       7¡£

È˵ÄθҺÖк¬ÓÐÑÎËᣬ¾­²â¶¨Ä³ÈËθҺµÄpHΪ2£¬ÔòÆäÖеÄc(H+)=          mol/L¡£

 Ê³´×³£ÓÃÓÚʳƷµ÷棬ÆäÖ÷Òª³É·ÖΪ´×Ëᣬ´×ËáµÄµçÀë·½³ÌʽΪ                        ¡£

£¨2£©ÊÒÎÂÏ£¬pH¾ùΪ3µÄÑÎËáºÍ´×ËáÈÜÒº£¬ÏÂÁи÷ÏîÖÐÏàµÈµÄÊÇ          £¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©¡£

¢Ù ÈÜÒºÖÐc(H+)     ¢Ú ËáµÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È     ¢Û ÍêÈ«ÖкÍʱ£¬ÏûºÄNaOHµÄÖÊÁ¿

£¨3£©ÔÚ¢ÙNaCl¡¢¢ÚCH3COONa¡¢¢ÛNH4ClÈýÖÖÑÎÈÜÒºÖУ¬³£ÎÂϳÊËáÐÔµÄÊÇ       £¨ÌîÐòºÅ£¬ÏÂͬ£©£©, ³ÊÖÐÐÔµÄÊÇ        , ³Ê¼îÐÔµÄÊÇ        ¡£

£¨4£©ÂÈ»¯ÌúË®½âµÄÀë×Ó·½³ÌʽΪ                            £¬ÅäÖÆÂÈ»¯ÌúÈÜҺʱµÎ¼ÓÉÙÁ¿ÑÎËáµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ                             ¡£

 

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º2012-2013ѧÄêºÓ±±Ê¡±£¶¨ÊÐäµË®ÏØ×æ³åÖ®ÖÐѧ¸ß¶þ£¨ÉÏ£©ÆÚÖл¯Ñ§ÊÔ¾í£¨»¯Ñ§·´Ó¦Ô­Àí£©£¨½âÎö°æ£© ÌâÐÍ£º½â´ðÌâ

Ë®ÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚË®µÄµçÀëƽºâ£®
£¨1£©³£ÎÂʱ£¬ÔÚÏ¡ÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨H+£©ºÍc£¨OH-£©µÄ³Ë»ý×ÜÊǵÈÓÚ______£®
£¨2£©Óá°£¾¡±¡¢¡°£¼¡±»ò¡°=¡±Ìî¿Õ£º¼îÐÔÈÜÒºÖУ¬c£¨H+£©______c£¨OH-£©£¬ÔÚ³£ÎÂʱpH______7£®
£¨3£©ÓÐÏÂÁм¸ÖÖÈÜÒº£ºa£®NH3?H2O   b£®CH3COONa   c£®NH4Cl  d£®NaHSO4
³£ÎÂϳÊËáÐÔµÄÈÜÒºÓÐ______£¨ÌîÐòºÅ£©ÓÃÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ»òµçÀë·½³Ìʽ±íʾÕâЩÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔµÄÔ­Òò£º______£®

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

ͬ²½Á·Ï°²á´ð°¸