Question

£¨2011?Ö麣¶þÄ££©ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÖУ¬Î¢Á£µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¹ØϵÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

A£®1.0 mol?L^-1µÄNa₂CO₃ÈÜÒº£ºc£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©+c£¨HCO₃^-£©+2c£¨H₂CO₃£©

B£®1.0 mol?L^-1µÄNH₄ClÈÜÒº£ºc£¨NH₄⁺£©=c£¨Cl^-£©

C£®Ïò´×ËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖмÓÈëÊÊÁ¿´×ËᣬµÃµ½µÄËáÐÔ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£ºc£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©

D£®ÏòÏõËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖеμÓÏ¡ÑÎËᣬµÃµ½pH=1µÄ»ìºÏÈÜÒº£ºc£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨NO₃^-£©

Answer 1

·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеÄÖÊ×ÓÊغãÀ´»Ø´ð£»
B¡¢ÂÈ»¯ï§ÈÜÒºÖУ¬ï§¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â£»
C¡¢´×ËáºÍ´×ËáÄƵĻìºÏÒºÏÔʾËáÐÔ£¬ÔòµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚË®½â³Ì¶È£¬¾Ý´ËÀ´·ÖÎö£»
D¡¢¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеĵçºÉÊغãÀ´¼ÆË㣮

½â´ð£º½â£ºA¡¢1.0 mol?L^-1µÄNa₂CO₃ÈÜÒºÖУ¬´æÔÚÖÊ×ÓÊغ㣺c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©+c£¨HCO₃^-£©+2c£¨H₂CO₃£©£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B¡¢ÂÈ»¯ï§ÈÜÒºÖУ¬ï§¸ùÀë×ÓË®½â£¬ËùÒÔc£¨NH₄⁺£©£¼c£¨Cl^-£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C¡¢´×ËáºÍ´×ËáÄƵĻìºÏÒºÏÔʾËáÐÔ£¬Ôò´×ËáµÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚ´×Ëá¸ùµÄË®½â³Ì¶È£¬c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨Na⁺£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»l
D¡¢ÏòÏõËáÄÆÈÜÒºÖеμÓÏ¡ÑÎËᣬËùµÃÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣺c£¨H⁺£©+c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨NO₃^-£©+c£¨Cl^-£©£¬ÈÜÒºÊÇËáÐÔÈÜÒº£¬ËùÒÔÇâÑõ¸ùÀë×ÓŨ¶È¿ÉÒÔºöÂÔ£¬ËùÒÔ0.1+c£¨Na⁺£©=c£¨NO₃^-£©+c£¨Cl^-£©£¬ÂÈÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈºÍÇâÀë×ÓŨ¶È²»µÈ£¬²»ÄÜÔ¼µô£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£®
¹ÊÑ¡A£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éѧÉúÈÜÒºÖÐÀë×ÓŨ¶ÈÖ®¼äµÄ¹Øϵ֪ʶ£¬ÊôÓÚ×ÛºÏ֪ʶµÄ¿¼²é£¬ÒªÇóѧÉú¾ßÓзÖÎöºÍ½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬ÄѶȴó£®