£¨2010?ÑγÇÄ£Ä⣩ij¹¤³§¶ÔÖƸ﹤ҵÎÛÄàÖÐCr£¨¢ó£©»ØÊÕÓëÔÙÀûÓõŤÒÕÈçÏ£¨ÁòËá½þÈ¡ÒºÖнðÊôÀë×ÓÖ÷ÒªÊÇCr3+£¬Æä´ÎÊÇFe3+¡¢Al3+¡¢Ca2+¡¢Mg2+£©£®

ÇâÑõ»¯Îï  Fe£¨OH£©3 Mg£¨OH£©2   Al£¨OH£©3  Cr£¨OH£©3
pH 3.7 11.1 8 9£¨£¾9Èܽ⣩
²¿·ÖÑôÀë×Ó³£ÎÂÏÂÒÔÇâÑõ»¯ÎïÐÎʽÍêÈ«³ÁµíʱÈÜÒºµÄpH¼ûÉÏ±í£®
Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©Ëá½þʱ£¬ÎªÁËÌá¸ß½þÈ¡ÂʿɲÉÈ¡µÄ´ëʩΪ
Ôö¼Ó½þȡʱ¼ä¡¢²»¶Ï½Á°è»ìºÏÎï¡¢ÂËÔü¶à´Î½þÈ¡µÈ
Ôö¼Ó½þȡʱ¼ä¡¢²»¶Ï½Á°è»ìºÏÎï¡¢ÂËÔü¶à´Î½þÈ¡µÈ
£¨ÖÁÉÙдһÌõ£©£®
£¨2£©µ÷pH=8ÊÇΪÁ˳ýÈ¥
Fe3+¡¢Al3+
Fe3+¡¢Al3+
£¨Ìî¡°Fe3+¡¢Al3+¡¢Ca2+¡¢Mg2+¡±£¬ÏÂͬ£©£®
£¨3£©ÄÆÀë×Ó½»»»Ê÷Ö¬µÄÔ­ÀíΪMn++nNaR¡úMRn+nNa+£¬±»½»»»µÄÔÓÖÊÀë×ÓÊÇ
Ca2+¡¢Mg2+
Ca2+¡¢Mg2+
£®
£¨4£©ÊÔÅäƽ·´Ó¦·½³Ìʽ£º
2
2
Na2Cr2O7
3
3
SO2+
12
12
H2O¨T
2
2
Cr£¨OH£©£¨H2O£©5SO4+
1
1
Na2SO4£»Éú³É1 mol Cr£¨OH£©£¨H2O£©5SO4ÏûºÄSO2µÄÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Îª
1.5mol
1.5mol
£®
·ÖÎö£º£¨1£©Ëá½þʱ£¬ÎªÁËÌá¸ß½þÈ¡ÂʿɲÉÈ¡µÄ´ëÊ©ÊÇÑÓ³¤½þȡʱ¼ä¡¢¼Ó¿ìÈܽâËٶȵȴëÊ©£»ÁòËá½þÈ¡ÒºÖеĽðÊôÀë×ÓÖ÷ÒªÊÇCr3+£¬Æä´ÎÊÇFe3+¡¢Al3+¡¢Ca2+ºÍMg2+£¬Ëá½þÊÇÈܽâÎïÖÊΪÁËÌá¸ß½þÈ¡ÂÊ£¬¿ÉÒÔÉý¸ßζÈÔö´óÎïÖÊÈܽâ¶È£¬Ôö´ó½Ó´¥Ãæ»ýÔö´ó·´Ó¦ËÙÂÊ£¬»ò¼Ó¿ì½Á°èËٶȵȣ»
£¨2£©ÁòËá½þÈ¡ÒºÖеĽðÊôÀë×ÓÖ÷ÒªÊÇCr3+£¬Æä´ÎÊÇFe3+¡¢Al3+¡¢Ca2+ºÍMg2+£¬¼ÓÈëNaOHÈÜҺʹÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬Fe3+¡¢Al3+ת»¯Îª³Áµí³ýÈ¥£»
£¨3£©ÄÆÀë×Ó½»»»Ê÷Ö¬½»»»µÄÀë×ÓÊǸÆÀë×ÓºÍþÀë×Ó£®
£¨4£©ÒÀ¾ÝÁ÷³ÌͼÖеÄת»¯¹ØϵºÍ²úÎ½áºÏ¶þÑõ»¯ÁòµÄ»¹Ô­ÐÔ£¬ÀûÓÃÑõ»¯»¹Ô­·´Ó¦Ô­Àí·ÖÎöÊéд£¬¸ù¾Ý·½³Ìʽ¼ÆË㣮
½â´ð£º½â£º£¨1£©Ëá½þʱ£¬ÎªÁËÌá¸ß½þÈ¡ÂʿɲÉÈ¡µÄ´ëÊ©ÊÇ£ºÔö¼Ó½þȡʱ¼ä¡¢²»¶Ï½Á°è»ìºÏÎï¡¢ÂËÔü¶à´Î½þÈ¡µÈ£¬
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºÔö¼Ó½þȡʱ¼ä¡¢²»¶Ï½Á°è»ìºÏÎï¡¢ÂËÔü¶à´Î½þÈ¡µÈ£»
£¨2£©ÁòËá½þÈ¡ÒºÖеĽðÊôÀë×ÓÖ÷ÒªÊÇCr3+£¬Æä´ÎÊÇFe3+¡¢Al3+¡¢Ca2+ºÍMg2+£¬¼ÓÈëNaOHÈÜҺʹÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬ÈÜÒºPH=8£¬Fe3+¡¢Al3+ת»¯Îª³Áµí³ýÈ¥£»
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºFe3+¡¢Al3+£»
£¨3£©ÄÆÀë×Ó½»»»Ê÷Ö¬½»»»µÄÀë×ÓÊǸÆÀë×ÓºÍþÀë×Ó£¬¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£ºCa2+¡¢Mg2+£»
£¨4£©¶þÑõ»¯Áò¾ßÓл¹Ô­ÐÔ£¬±»ÂËÒº¢òÖÐͨ¹ýÀë×Ó½»»»ºóµÄÈÜÒºÖÐNa2CrO4Ñõ»¯ÎªÁòËᣬNa2CrO4Ñõ±»»¹Ô­ÎªCrOH£¨H2O£©5SO4£¬Ë®ÈÜÒºÖÐÉú³ÉÁòËá·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËáÄÆ£¬ÒÀ¾ÝÔ­×ÓÊغã·ÖÎöÊéдÅäƽ£»2Na2CrO4+3SO2+12H2O=2CrOH£¨H2O£©5SO4¡ý+Na2SO4£¬
¸ù¾Ý·½³Ìʽ£º3SO2¡«2CrOH£¨H2O£©5SO4
           x       1mol
ËùÒÔx=1.5mol 
¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º2£»3£»12£»2£»1£»1.5mol£®
µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÁËÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ¡¢»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄÊéд¡¢ÎïÖʵķÖÀëµÈ֪ʶµã£¬ÄѶȽϴó£¬×¢Òâ»áÔËÓÃÈÜÒºµÄpHÖµ¶ÔÈÜÒºÖеÄÀë×Ó½øÐзÖÀ룬³ýÔÓµÄÔ­ÔòÊÇ£º³ýÈ¥ÔÓÖÊÇÒ²»Òý½øеÄÔÓÖÊ£®
Á·Ï°²áϵÁдð°¸
Ïà¹ØÏ°Ìâ

¿ÆÄ¿£º¸ßÖл¯Ñ§ À´Ô´£º ÌâÐÍ£º

£¨2010?ÑγÇÄ£Ä⣩Á×ËáȼÁϵç³ØµÄÄ¿Ç°½ÏΪ³ÉÊìµÄȼÁϵç³Ø£¬Æä»ù±¾×é³ÉºÍ·´Ó¦Ô­ÀíÈçÏ£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

²é¿´´ð°¸ºÍ½âÎö>>

ͬ²½Á·Ï°²á´ð°¸