Question

£¨2012?ÁijÇһģ£©³£ÎÂÏ£¬½«0.1mol£®L^-1£®ÑÎËáÖðµÎ¼ÓÈëµ½20mL0.1mol?L^-1°±Ë®ÖУ¬²âµÃÈÜÒºµÄpHËæ¼ÓÈëÑÎËáµÄÌå»ý±ä»¯ÈçͼËùʾ£®ÏÂÁÐ˵·¨ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

A£®¢ÙÈÜÒºÖÐc£¨Cl^-£©£¾c(NH4+)£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©

B£®¢ÚÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨NH 4+£©=c£¨Cl^-£©=c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©

C£®¢ÛÈÜÒºÖУºc£¨Cl^-£©+c£¨H⁺£©=c(NH4+)+c£¨OH^-£©

D£®µÎ¶¨¹ý³ÌÖпÉÄܳöÏÖ£ºc£¨NH₃H?₂O£©£¾c(NH4+)£¾c(OH-)£¾c£¨Cl^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©

Answer 1

·ÖÎö£º¸ù¾ÝËá¼îµÎ¶¨¹ý³ÌµÄͼÖТ١¢¢Ú¡¢¢ÛµãµÄpHÖµÀ´·ÖÎöÈÜÒºÖеÄÈÜÖÊ£¬²¢ÀûÓÃÔ­×ÓÊغãºÍµçºÉÊغãÀ´·ÖÎö½â´ð£®

½â´ð£º½â£ºA£®¢ÙÈÜÒºÖеÄÈÜÖÊΪµÈÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈµÄ°±Ë®ºÍÂÈ»¯ï§£¬°±Ë®µÄµçÀë³Ì¶È´óÓÚ笠ùÀë×ÓµÄË®½â³Ì¶È£¬ËùÒÔÈÜÒº³Ê¼îÐÔ£¬c£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãµÄc£¨Cl^-£©£¼c£¨NH₄⁺£©£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B£®¢ÚÈÜÒº³ÊÖÐÐÔ£¬c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغãµÃc£¨Cl^-£©=c£¨NH₄⁺£©£¬ÒòΪˮµÄµçÀë½Ï΢Èõ£¬ËùÒÔc£¨Cl^-£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C£®¢ÛÖÐÈÜÖÊÊÇÂÈ»¯ï§£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊËáÐÔ£¬c£¨OH^-£©£¼c£¨H⁺£©£¬ÈÜÒº³ÊµçÖÐÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔc£¨NH₄⁺£©+c£¨H⁺£©=c£¨Cl^-£©+c£¨OH^-£©£¬ËùÒÔc£¨Cl^-£©£¾c£¨NH₄⁺£©£¬Ôòc£¨Cl^-£©+c£¨H⁺£©£¾c£¨NH₄⁺£©+c£¨OH^-£©£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D£®µ±ÈÜÒºÖа±Ë®µÄÁ¿Ô¶Ô¶´óÓÚÑÎËáʱ£¬¿ÉÄܳöÏÖc£¨NH₃H?₂O£©£¾c£¨NH₄⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨Cl^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡D£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éËá¼î»ìºÏÈÜÒº¶¨ÐÔÅжϣ¬¸ù¾ÝÎïÁÏÊغãºÍµçºÉÊغãÀ´·ÖÎö½â´ð£¬ÄѶÈÖеȣ®