Question

2£®¿ÕÆøÖÐÖ±¾¶Ð¡ÓÚµÈÓÚ2.5΢Ã×µÄϸ¿ÅÁ£Îï³Æ×öPM2.5£¬ÆäÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖеĺ¬Á¿³Æ×÷PMÖµ£¬µ¥Î»ÊǺÁ¿ËÿÁ¢·½Ã×£®Ä³Ð£¡°PM2.5ÐËȤС×顱×ÔÖÆÁËһ̨¾²µç³ý³¾Æ÷£¬×°ÖóÊԲͲÐΣ¬Í¼ÎªÆä½ØÃæͼ£®¸ßѹµç¼«µÄ¸º¼«Î»ÓÚÖÐÖáÏßÉÏ£¬ÓÉA¡¢BÁ½¶Î½ðÊô¹¹³É£¬A¶Î½Ï´Ö³Ê¸Ë×´£¬B¶Î½Ïϸ³ÊÕë×´£¬ÊÕ³¾ÇøÓɰ뾶ΪRµÄÔ²ÖùÐεĽðÊôͲ±Ú¹¹³É£¬½Ó¸ßѹµçÔ´µÄÕý¼«£®Ô²Í²ÖÐÆøÌå·Ö×ÓÖеĵç×ӺʹøÕýµçµÄ²¿·ÖÓÉÓÚÊܵ½·½ÏòÏà·´µÄÇ¿´óµÄ¾²µçÁ¦¶øµçÀ룮һ²¿·Öϸ¿ÅÁ£ÎïÎü¸½Á˵ç×Ó¶ø´ø¸ºµç£¬ËùÓдø¸ºµçµÄϸ¿ÅÁ£Îﶼ·ÉÏòͲ±Ú£¬×îºóÔÚÖØÁ¦µÄ×÷ÓÃÏÂÂäÔÚͲµ×£¬¿ÕÆøÒò´Ë¶ø±äµÃÇå½à£®ÔÚÒ»´ÎÊÔÑéÖУ¬º¬³¾ÆøÌåÓɵײ¿´µÈ룬ÆøÁ÷ËٶȺãΪv£¬¸ßѹµçÔ´µÄºã¶¨²»±ä£¬¹¤×÷µçÁ÷ºãΪI£¬¾­¼à²â£¬Èë¿Ú´¦µÄº¬³¾ÆøÌåµÄPMֵΪk₁£¬³ö¿Ú´¦µÄ½à¾»ÆøÌåµÄPMÖµ½µÎªk₂£¬ÈôÊÓϸ¿ÅÁ£Îï¾ùΪֱ¾¶ÎªD¡¢ÃܶÈΪ¦ÑµÄ¾ùÔÈÇòÌ壬ÇÒ²»¼ÆÏ໥֮¼äµÄÓ°Ï죬ºöÂÔº¬³¾ÆøÌå´øÈëµÄµçºÉ£®
£¨1£©µçÀëÖ÷Òª·¢ÉúÔÚ¸ßѹµç¼«µÄA¶Î¸½½ü»¹ÊÇB¶Î¸½½ü£¬²¢ÇÒ¼òÊöÀíÓÉ£»
£¨2£©Çóϸ¿ÅÁ£Îïƽ¾ùÎü¸½µÄµç×Ó¸öÊýnºÍµÖ´ïÊÕ³¾ÇøʱµÄƽ¾ù¶¯ÄÜE£®

Answer 1

·ÖÎö £¨1£©µç³¡Ç¿¶ÈÔ½´óµÄµØ·½ÆøÌåÔ½ÈÝÒ×µçÀ룮
£¨2£©ÓɵçºÉÊغ㶨ÂÉÓëPMÖµ¿ÉÒÔÇó³öµç×Ó¸öÊý£¬Óɶ¯Äܶ¨ÀíÇó³ö¿ÅÁ£µÄ¶¯ÄÜ£®

½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©ÖÐÖáÏßÉϵĽðÊôÓëÓëÔ²ÖùÐÎÍ°±Ú¼äµÄµçѹÏàͬ£¬A¶Î½Ï´Ö³Ê¸Ë×´£¬B¶Î½Ïϸ³ÊÕë×´£¬B¶Î¸½½üµÄµç³¡½ÏÇ¿£¬µç³¡Ô½Ç¿£¬¿ÕÆøÔ½ÈÝÒ×µçÀ룬Òò´ËµçÀëÖ÷Òª·¢ÉúÔÚB¶Î¸½½ü£¬ÒòΪB¶Î¸½½üµç³¡±ÈA¶Î¸½½üµÄµç³¡¸üÇ¿£®
£¨2£©ÉèÊÕ³¾Çø³¤¶ÈΪl£¬¿ÅÁ£µÄÔ˶¯Ê±¼ä£ºt=$\frac{l}{v}$£¬µçºÉÁ¿£ºQ=It=I¡Á$\frac{l}{v}$£¬
¿ÅÁ£¸öÊý£ºN=$\frac{2¦Ð{R}^{2}l£¨{k}_{1}-{k}_{2}£©}{¦Ñ•\frac{4}{3}¦Ð£¨\frac{D}{2}£©^{3}}$=$\frac{12{R}^{2}l£¨{k}_{1}-{k}_{2}£©}{¦Ñ{D}^{3}}$£¬
¿ÅÁ£Îü¸½µÄµç×ÓµçºÉÁ¿£ºQ=Nne=$\frac{12n{eR}^{2}l£¨{k}_{1}-{k}_{2}£©}{¦Ñ{D}^{3}}$£¬
Ôò£ºI¡Á$\frac{l}{v}$=$\frac{12n{eR}^{2}l£¨{k}_{1}-{k}_{2}£©}{¦Ñ{D}^{3}}$£¬½âµÃ£ºn=$\frac{¦ÑI{D}^{2}U}{12v{R}^{2}£¨{k}_{1}-{k}_{2}£©}$£»
Óɶ¯Äܶ¨ÀíµÃ£ºneU=E-0£¬½âµÃ£ºE=$E=\frac{{¦ÑI{D^2}U}}{{3£¨{{k_1}-{k_2}}£©v{R^2}}}$£»
´ð£º£¨1£©µçÀëÖ÷Òª·¢ÉúÔÚB¶Î¸½½ü£¬ÒòΪB¶Î¸½½üµç³¡±ÈA¶Î¸½½üµÄµç³¡¸üÇ¿£®
£¨2£©Ï¸¿ÅÁ£Îïƽ¾ùÎü¸½µÄµç×Ó¸öÊýnΪ£º$\frac{¦ÑI{D}^{3}}{12ev{R}^{2}£¨{k}_{1}-{k}_{2}£©}$£¬µÖ´ïÊÕ³¾ÇøʱµÄƽ¾ù¶¯ÄÜEΪ£º$\frac{¦ÑI{D}^{2}U}{12v{R}^{2}£¨{k}_{1}-{k}_{2}£©}$£®

µãÆÀ ±¾Ì⿼²éÁË¿ÕÆøµÄµçÀë¡¢Çó¿ÅÁ£¸¡µç×ӵĸöÊý¡¢¿ÅÁ£µÄ¶¯ÄÜ£¬ÖªµÀµç³¡Ô½Ç¿¿ÕÆøÔ½ÈÝÒ×µçÀ룬ӦÓõçÁ÷µÄ¶¨Òåʽ¡¢Ãܶȹ«Ê½¡¢¶¯Äܶ¨Àí¼´¿ÉÕýÈ·½âÌ⣬±¾ÌâÊÇÒ»µÀ´´ÐÂÌ⣬ÄѶȽϴó£®