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    Just as the world’s most respected scientific bodies have confirmed that the world is getting hotter, they have also stated that there is strong evidence that humans are driving the warming． Countless recent reports from the world’s leading scientific bodies have said the same thing． For example, a 2010 summary of climate science by the Royal Society stated that: “There is strong evidence that the warming of the Earth over the last half-century has been caused largely by human activity．”
    The idea that humans could change the planet’s climate may be counter-intuitive（与直觉不符的）, but the basic science is well understood． Each year, human activity causes billions of tons of greenhouse gases to be released（释放）into the atmosphere． As scientists have known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket．
    Of course, the planet’s climate has always been changing thanks to “natural” factors（因素） such as changes in solar or volcanic（火山的）activity, or cycles relating the Earth’s going around the sun． According to the scientific literature, however, the warming recorded to date matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes．
    Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming observed so far, that would beg a difficult question． As Robert Henson puts it in The Rough Guide to Climate Change: “If some newly discovered factor can account for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”
    The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without． That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty．
    小题1:In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by      ．
    A．solar activityB．volcanic activity
    C．the Earth’s going around the sunD．human activity
    小题2:The text is developed by      ．
    A．giving typical examplesB．following the order of space
    C．analysing a theory and arguing itD．comparing and finding differences
    小题3:The underline word “identical” means      ．
    A．totally differentB．exactly the same
    C．extremely importantD．relatively independent

    小题1:D
    小题1:C
    小题1:B
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Most American students go to traditional public schools. There are about 88,000 public schools all over the US. Some students attend about 3000 independent public schools called charter schools.
    Charter schools are self-governing. Private companies operate some charter schools. They are similar in some ways to traditional public schools. They receive tax money just as other public schools do. Charter schools must prove to local or state governments that their students are learning. These governments provide the schools with the agreement called a charter that permits them to operate.
    Charter schools are different because they do not have to obey most laws governing traditional public schools. Local, state or federal governments cannot tell them what to teach. Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to reach them. Class size is usually smaller than in traditional public schools.
    The Bush Administration strongly supports charter schools as a way to re-organize public schools that are failing to educate students. But some education agencies and unions oppose charter schools. One teachers’ union has just made public the results of the first national study comparing the progress of students in traditional schools and charter schools.
    The American Federation of Teachers criticized the government’s delay in releasing the results of the study, which is called the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Union education experts say the study shows that charter school students performed worse on math and reading tests than students in regular public schools.
    Some experts say the study is not a fair look at charter schools because students in those schools have more problems than students in traditional schools. Other education experts say the study results should make charter school officials demand improved student progress.
    小题1:If a private company wants to operate a charter school, it must                    .
    A．try new methods of teachingB．prove its management ability
    C．obey the local and state lawsD．get the government’s permission
    小题2:Charter schools are independent because                       .
    A．they make greater progressB．their class size is smaller
    C．they enjoy more freedomD．they oppose traditional ways
    小题3:What’s the government’s attitude toward charter schools?
    A．Doubtful.B．Supportive.C．Subjective.D．Optimistic.
    小题4:What can we learn from the text?
    A．More students choose to attend charter schools.
    B．Charter schools are better than traditional schools.
    C．Students in charter schools are well educated.
    D．People have different opinions about charter schools.
    小题5:It can be inferred from the text that                       .
    A．charter schools are part of the education system
    B．one-on-one attention should be paid to students
    C．the number of charter schools will be limited
    D．charter schools are all privately financed

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    So you have been called for an interview---well done?Your effort has been paid off? You will feeI better at the interview if you show an understanding of the nature of the organization．
    Ask someone who already does it，or check it with one of the advisers．
    Ask a member of your family or a friend to act as the employer and to give you an unreal interview．Be as realistic as possible，answer the questions seriously．Afterwards discuss how it went．Think about how the employer would prefer to see your look．Remember---the majority of employers are over 30.
    It is not wise to rush out and buy new clothes.which will be worn for the first time at the interview．You’ll feel more at ease in a familiar dress．
    Carelessness in any of these could cost you the job．Arrive at least 15 minutes before time，this will give you a chance to have a look around，read the notice board and get the feel of the place．Being late at the interview produces a bad impression．The first impression that the interviewer gets of you is formed as you walk through the door，so take a couple of deep breaths．
    Be ready to shake hands if the interviewer offers．
    Don’t take a seat until asked．Then sit comfortably．
    Make eye contact  when you are greeted and again if you shake hands．And during questioning,eye contact is a form of non-verbal greeting．
    Remember the interviewer’s name and use it from time to time．
    Be ready for the question “Is there anything you want to ask?” Before the interview you should get ready for two or three such questions．Look on these not just as a chance to get information but as a means to give your employer a better impression．Asking can show knowledge but avoid asking about holidays，pensions(养老金)and so on．It looks as if you are tired even before you begin．You can check on these later，when the hope for job is offered．
    And if you fail, look upon the interview as an experience in itself．Learn from it．We wish you good luck and good job hunting．
    小题1:Before you go to see the employer，you’d better      .
    A．find a dress you have got used to
    B．buy some modern shoes，ties，etc．
    C．have your hair cut
    D．put on your newly-bought clothes
    小题2:What does the phrase“eye contact”means?
    A．A kind of greeting without words．
    B．Shaking hands with the interviewer．
    C．Looking at each other for a long time．
    D．A way of getting a desirable job．
    小题3:People usually do the following things before a job interview．Which is the right order for doing them?
    a．Asking a friend to give you an unreal interview．
    b．Understanding the nature of the organization．
    c．Paying attention to your clothes．
    d．Arriving at the place of the interview ahead of time．
    e．Getting some information from the advisers．
    A．a—e—b—c—dB．d—c—b—a—e
    C．b—e—a—c—dD．e—d—a—b—c
    小题4:Why do you prepare yourself for some Is--there·-anything·-you·-want--to-say questions?
    A．To give the employer more information．
    B．To get information about holiday and pension．
    C．To impress the employer better and get further information from the company as well．
    D．To show that you are the most knowledgeable．

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Most people hate change, which is sad since we often go through intense changes in life. And for some of us, even the smallest changes can upset our day. So the question is: Why do most of us find making adjustments to our lives so hard?
    Fear of change is nothing new. Over a century ago, the Parisians were unhappy over a particular addition to their city: the Eiffel Tower. In fact, the citizens were so angry about the plans for the tower that they protested its construction. As strange as it may seem, their anger was completely natural. They were given no choice about the huge change that was going to be made, so they became angry.
    But we get upset over changes even when we do have a say in the matter and think about them carefully. Changes are brought about every day by the decisions we make: which school to attend, which job to take, whom to marry. Voluntary changes also make most of us uneasy because we don’t know how those changes will affect our future.
    People have discovered that the key to overcoming the fear and anger associated with change is to be flexible. When they are flexible, people can adapt to new situations more easily. Being flexible is especially important in the 21st century as technology makes change occur faster than ever before. Those who oppose change, especially with technology in the workplace, may find themselves out of a job.
    When change comes, and you have no choice but to face it, embrace it. A positive attitude helps a lot. In fact, the change may turn out to be the best thing for you. That new job you got may end up being much better than your old one. You may make the best friends of your life in the new city you moved to. Don’t merely focus on how you feel about change; instead decide to accept the change. The change is the reality, and it’s up to you whether the change will be a success or a failure. You never know – your next change may be your life’s Eiffel Tower!
    小题1:Why did the building of the Eiffel Tower make the Parisians unhappy?
    A．Because they didn’t like the design of the Eiffel Tower.
    B．Because they couldn’t avoid accepting the Eiffel Tower.
    C．Because it was no use building the Eiffel Tower.
    D．Because the Eiffel Tower seemed strange.
    小题2:According to the passage, it can be inferred that what won’t disturb us are _____________.
    A．the changes that have agreement with one’s will
    B．the small changes we meet in our daily life
    C．the changes whose effect we can predict and control
    D．the changes that we discuss or consider thoroughly
    小题3:How should we overcome negative emotions that the changes bring?
    A．We are not supposed to face the changes and let them alone.
    B．We should actively accustom ourselves to the new circumstance.
    C．We should not take the changes seriously and avoid them as much as possible.
    D．We should know that the changes merely bring us bad influence.
    小题4:What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
    A．The change will probably make you fail like the Eiffel Tower.
    B．The change is like the Eiffel Tower which is not good for our future life.
    C．Your future life is never known just like the Eiffel Tower unknown to the Parisians.
    D．Your future life is likely to be a great achievement due to the change.
    小题5:What is the best title for the passage?
    A．The Psychology of ChangeB．The ways to Overcome the Fear
    C．Changes That Disturb UsD．The Bad Effect of Changes

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Science has told us too much about the moon that it is fairly easy to imagine what it would be like to get there. It is certainly not a friendly place. Since there is no air or water, there can be no life of any kind. There is not much variety of scenery either. For mile after mile there are only flat plains of dust with mountains around them. Above, the sun and stars shine in the black sky. If you step out of the mountain shadow, it means moving from the severe cold into intense (强烈的) heat. These extreme temperatures continually break rocks away from the surface of the mountains. The moon is also a very silent world, for sound waves can only travel through air. But beyond the broken horizon, you see a friendly sight. Our earth is shining more brightly than the stars. From this distance, it looks like an immense (巨大的) blue, green and brown ball.
    小题1:The moon is an unfriendly place because                   .
    A．there is no air, no water, no life, no sceneryB．the sun and stars shine in the sky
    C．temperature breaks rock awayD．all of the above
    小题2:Without           , the moon is a silent world.
    A．manB．airC．soundD．water
    小题3:According to the passage we know that             .
    A．the earth looks like a colored ball
    B．we can enjoy the scenery on the moon
    C．every inch of the moon is very hot
    D．the extreme temperature breaks rocks away from the surface of mountains
    小题4:We can conclude（断定） that “continually” means          .
    A．sometimesB．alwaysC．without breakD．frequently
    小题5:The best title for the passage is                        .
    A．An Unfriendly and Friendly PlaceB．The Geography of the Moon
    C．Moon, a Silent WorldD．The Moon

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept dates back to 1623, when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed. IP rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another. For example, if somebody generated an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use. Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing, but today intellectual property rights are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literature.
    In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the Internet. Many years ago, if you wanted a recoding of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book store. In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the internet. This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights.
    小题1:According to the writer, in the beginning, IP rights were mainly of use to _______.
    A．those creating music, art and literature
    B．novelists
    C．those not receiving financial reward for their work
    D．engineers and inventors
    小题2:What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?
    A．It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.
    B．It sells songs and films.
    C．It makes IP rights harder to protect.
    D．It prevents the production of artwork.
    小题3:According to paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”?
    A．Intellectual property rights.B．Free downloading.
    C．The Internet.D．The large number of songs, films and books.
    小题4:A possible title for this passage could be _______.
    A．IP Rights and Our Attitudes　B．Ways to Protect Your IP Rights
    C．The Present and the Future of IP rightsD．A History of IP Rights

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?
    According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
    The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.
    A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
    Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
    "Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language," said the scientists.
    It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
    Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的),"he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
    The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. "Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world," explained the scientists.
    小题1:The main subject talked about in this passage is ______.
    A．science on learning a second language
    B．man’s ability of learning a second language
    C．1anguage can help brain power
    D．1anguage learning and maths study
    小题2: In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to ______.
    A．say language is also a kind of physical labor
    B．prove that one needs more practice when he (she) is learning a language
    C．to show the importance of using the language when you learn the language
    D．make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
    小题3:We may know from the scientific findings that ______.
    A．the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is
    B．there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language
    C．the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people's brain
    D．the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time
    小题4:The underlined word “bilingual'’ probably means ______.
    A．a researcher on language learning
    B．a person who is good at learning foreign languages
    C．a person who can speak two languages
    D．an active language learner

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Work your brain!
    Between 2 and 3 pounds of wonder，it controls everything we say，do or think，who we are and what we care about. The way we walk or laugh or figure out things. What we like and the talents we possess. How we see and talk and run and jump and process our food.
    The brain uses 20 percent of our body's oxygen and 20 percent of its blood. Somewhere within its protein，fat, 100,000 miles of blood vessels and 100 billion nerve cells，it helps us remember where we put our gym shoes. Change our temperature so we don't die because of the heat or cold. Speed us up or slow us down. Help us choose between orange juice or orange­flavored drinks.
    Its intricacies(复杂性)are stunning，far beyond anything most of us can imagine. To keep this work of art as polished(有光泽的) as possible we need to eat right，exercise and keep mentally stimulated(刺激)．
    Good nutrition helps brain cells communicate with each other. Exercise stimulates a hormone(荷尔蒙)in our brain that improves memory. Mental stimulation keeps you sharp even as you age.
    “It's very important that we tell people to be physically active and mentally active，” said neurologist Malcolm Stewart.
    “People cannot stop aging，but you're able to reduce the damage；you're able to keep the function up.”
    Following are Dr.Stewart's advice for improving brain health：
    Nutrition
    		Avoid fast food. Follow the old adage(格言，谚语)：For breakfast，eat like a king；for lunch，like a queen；for supper，like a beggar.
    Exercise
    		Do a combination of stretching aerobic and muscle­strengthening every day.
    Mental games
    		Try to have a sense of hope about the future. Do puzzles. Listen to music. Reach out to others to make their lives better.
    小题1:The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ______.
    A．inform us how the brain works
    B．give us advice on how to keep the brain healthy
    C．tell us that the brain plays an important role in our lives
    D．show how special the brain is to us
    小题2:The word “stunning” in Paragraph 5 means ______.
    A．interesting 　B．strangeC．significant　D．amazing
    小题3:According to the text，more exercise ______.
    A．keeps our mind sharp 　　
    B．helps improve our memory
    C．gives our brain a rest 　　
    D．is good for brain cells communicating with each other
    小题4:In order to keep brain healthy，we should avoid ______.
    A．eating a good lunch B．doing puzzles
    C．eating a large supper D．taking aerobic exercise

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    During the years after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers have been trying hard to solve a question that would otherwise have been completely unthinkable: Can building be designed to stand catastrophic blasts (攻击；爆破) by terrorists?
    Soon after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. They spent two days beginning the task of formulating (构思) ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.
    “Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,” said Mr. Bruneau, Ph.D. “Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,” he added.
    Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate the monumental damage to the World Trade Center towers and buildings nearby. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column (柱子) there that used to be part of that building,” explained A. Whittaker, Ph.D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor.”
    The visit to the area also brought some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing (框架) system in one of the buildings was quite strong , allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris (残砾) to survive. “Good framing systems may provide a simple, but reliable strategy for blast resistance,” he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. “We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse,” said A. Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it.”
    A. Reinhorn, Ph.D. noted that “earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of buildings in the past. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present.”
    小题1:The question raised in the first paragraph is one _____ .
    A．that was asked by structural engineers a month ago
    B．that is too difficult for structural engineers a month ago
    C．that was never thought of before the terrorist attack
    D．that terrorists are eager to find a solution to
    小题2:The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker _____ .
    A．was part of the building close to the World Trade Center
    B．was part of the World Trade Center
    C．was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center
    D．damaged many buildings near the World Trade Center
    小题3:A surprising discovery made by the investigators during their visit to ground zero is that _____.
    A．floors in the faraway buildings remained undamaged
    B．some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion
    C．complex floor framing systems are more blast resistant
    D．floors in one of the buildings were pierced by tons of debris
    小题4: What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that _____.
    A．blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant design
    B．blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terror-resistant design
    C．solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design
    D．blast engineering emerges as a totally new branch of science

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