What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion? It means that we live among competing interests. Your roommate’s need to study for an exam may take priority（优先）over pizza. Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your grade. And the object of your romantic interest may have other choices.
In such a world, persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our point of view. When we persuade, we want to influence how others believe and behave. We may not always prevail— other points of view may be more persuasive, depending on the listener, the situation, and the merits of the case. But when we practice the art of persuasion, we try to ensure that our position receives the attention it deserves.
Some people, however, object to the very idea of persuasion. They may regard it as an unwelcome interruption into their lives. Just the opposite, we believe that persuasion is unavoidable — to live is to persuade. Persuasion may be ethical（合乎道义的）or unethical, selfless or selfish, inspiring or degrading. Persuaders may enlighten our minds or catch our vulnerability(弱点). Ethical persuasion, however, calls on sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners. Such persuasion can help us apply the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make. Therefore, the most basic part of education is learning to resist the one kind of persuasion and to encourage and practice the other.
Beyond its personal importance to us, persuasion is necessary to society. The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock of the American political system, guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution（美国宪法）.
【小题1】According to the passage, persuasion means ________.
| A．changing others’ point of view |
| B．exercising power over other people |
| C．getting other people to consider your point of view |
| D．getting people to agree with you and do what you want |
| A．win | B．fail | C．speak | D．listen |
| A．a danger to society | B．difficult to do well |
| C．unwelcome behavior | D．never successful |
| A．people’s different opinions towards persuasion |
| B．the reasons why people persuade |
| C．that persuasion is both good and bad |
| D．that persuasion is important and it is all around us |
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
【小题4】D
解析试题分析:
【小题1】细节题，由第一段第一句What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion? It means that we live among competing interests可以知道答案，故选C。
【小题2】推理题。由第二段第四行other points of view may be more persuasive, depending on the listener, the situation, and the merits of the case.可以推出是说的意思，所以选A。
【小题3】细节题，由第三段第二行They may regard it as an unwelcome interruption into their lives.可以知道答案，所以选C
【小题4】推理题，由本文的主要意思“在我们日常生活中，劝说很重要”，所以选D
考点：本篇是一篇说明文
点评：本文说明了在我们日常生活中，劝说很重要，对于文章中的细节题，要注意文章中的细节的理解。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
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课堂小作业系列答案科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
A morning rarely began so perfect. I took in the fresh air and felt my heart run into an enthusiastic rhythm. Though cool, the sun warmed my back as it rose over the horse from not far from my house. The slightest wind danced on my skin. Just enough to keep a runner form overheating. My ever-faithful jogging partner, a black dog named Nika pulled my leg with her mouth, mirroring my eagerness to start our run.
We raced forward with determination, ready to leap tall buildings and race against speeding trains. We pushed harder and ran faster, demonstration our skill and impressing passing motorists and neighbors.
We kept on running until we hit the Beast, a name for a very difficult, nearly two-mile long steep climb.
Only a few paces into the Beast, I gasped for air. Far short of superhero status, my enthusiasm and active steps were lost somewhere at the base of the hill. A vision of the newspaper and a cup of coffee waiting in my kitchen appeared, attracting me to turn back toward home.
With a glance I noticed Nika wasn’t doing any better. She continued to faithfully follow me, putting one paw in front of the other, but without her former eagerness. Her tiredness touched me. And in that moment, I felt a sudden spark of renewed determination to press on. I couldn’t allow this mountain to get the better of us. To improve both our spirits, I managed to shout, “Good girl, Nika! Keep going…you can do it!”
“I’m encouraging a dog, for heaven’s sake!’’ I needed to pull myself together. With a few simple words, I changed our course. One moment we were on the edge of quitting. The next, our feet picked up the pace and we continued. Though tired and discouraged myself, with a few kind words I impacted a dog’s ability to go further. I’m sure I could have completed the opposite with ill-chosen comments and an unpleasant tone. Instead, the Beast was defeated and we flew like heroes the rest of the way home.
Life is full of beasts to conquer. For some, it is the seemingly impossible climb of cancer. For others, their beast takes the shape of parenting a child or a teenager. Uphill climbs come in all shapes and sizes, common only in their ability to defeat, discourage and tempt tired travelers to quit. Sometimes all that’s needed is a few spoken, well-timed words of encouragement from a fellow runner – someone who sees the struggle, dares to jogs alongside, and cares enough to say, “Keep going! You can do it! You’re not alone. I believe in you!”
The writer starts the text by describing________.
A. the beautiful scene of the morning
B. his or her preparations for a jogging
C. a lively dog named Nika
D. the growth of crops at the farm
The writer mentioned the newspaper and coffee to suggest that he or she _______.
A. liked reading newspapers while drinking coffee
B. had an intention to give up running
C. would treat himself or herself to coffee after running
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A. after he or she found the dog was still energetic
B. because they came near the top of the hill
C. when he or she noticed the tired dog
D. before they arrived at the bottom of the hill
What does the writer expect to show by telling the story?
A. Words are powerful than deeds.
B. Beasts in life aren’t easily to conquer.
C. Dogs are the best friend of humans.
D. Try it one more time before giving up.
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Winter depression (or winter blues) is a common affliction (折磨) for those who live in our northern climate. Its clinical name is seasonal affective disorder (or SAD) and up to 5% of the population (especially in northern states) may suffer from it. Seasonal affective disorder is characterized by feelings of sadness and depression that occur in the winter months when the temperatures drop and the days grow short 
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There are many effective treatments for winter depression, some of which you can do to help yourself. Increasing your daily exposure to as much natural light as possible can be helpful to many. Any time that you have the opportunity to gain access to more sunlight in the winter months, you should try to do so. Taking walks throughout the day (even if you don’t normally do so), sitting next to a south-facing window at your office, in a classroom, or at home will increase your sunlight exposure. Exercising next to a window or outdoors (when possible) is another activity that can help.
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If none of these techniques seem to help your depressive symptoms, you should consider consulting your family physician or a mental health professional. The winter blues are a form of depression and can be readily treated w ith medications or psychotherapy when other self-help methods aren’t effective. Don’t be afraid to talk about this condition with a professional; it’s nothing to be ashamed or afraid of. With a little effort, the winter blues can be beaten
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A. It is very common where the weather is cold.
B. It may lead to weight gain.
C. It occurs when the temperatures drop.
D. It seldom affects men.
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A. Exposure to natural light.
B. Sports in winter months.
C. Outdoor activities.
D. Sunlight through the window.
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A. To shorten the duration of the depression.
B. To use light to resist the depression.
C. To keep the depression manageable and minimal.
D. To delay the occurrence of the depression.
For winter depression, light therapy ___________.
A. is much more effective than other kinds of therapy
B. is so expensive that some may not be able to afford it
C. encourages people to do outdoor exercises
D. needs specialized bulbs to replace ordinary ones
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How to Be a Winner
Sir Steven Redgrave
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Kirsten Best
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