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    E
    BBC News (May 11, 2008) —Edinburgh Zoo plans to bring a pair of giant pandas from China to Scotland. Representatives from Edinburgh Zoo have recently returned from China. They signed a letter of intent (意向书) there, making a promise to bring giant pandas to the Zoo.
    It has been suggested that the pair of giant pandas should be on loan (暂借) to the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS) for 10 years. The pair of giant pandas would give birth to babies during that time. Edinburgh Zoo would be the eighth zoo in the Western world to care for the species if the project goes ahead.
    Zoo chiefs said that looking after the endangered animals could benefit conservation. David Windmill, chief of RZSS, said, "Working with giant pandas means so much more to us than introducing a new species to our collection. It is an opportunity to work on a global level with other conservationists to gain a better understanding of the giant pandas, the threats they face, and what we can do to ensure their survival."
    At present, there are only around 1,500 giant pandas in the wild. RZSS has been working on the project for almost a year, hoping to have giant pandas at Edinburgh Zoo by 2009, the year of the society’s centenary (一百周年纪念日). Mr. Windmill said that the project has received strong support from the UK and Scottish Governments. He also said that this must continue if the Zoo is to reach an agreement with the Chinese. As part of the agreement with the Chinese Government, Edinburgh Zoo will work together with Chinese scientists on research projects benefiting conservation in the wild.
    RZSS will also provide money to support giant panda conservation projects in the wild. Giant pandas live in mountainous regions in central China and almost mainly feed on bamboo, which makes up 99% of what they eat.
    57. What do we know from the first two paragraphs?
    A. China will give a pair of giant pandas to Edinburgh Zoo.
    B. Representatives from Edinburgh Zoo have been to China.
    C. The Scottish Government has signed a letter of intent with China.
    D. Edinburgh Zoo is the first Western zoo to have giant pandas.
    58. According to the text, RZSS may be ___________.
    A. a company that deals with international business
    B. an organization that researches endangered animals
    C. a government department in charge of Western issues
    D. an activity having something to do with animals
    59. We can know from the text that _____________.
    A. David Windmill is Edinburgh Zoo’s chief
    B. the number of giant pandas in the wild is still unknown
    C. RZSS will celebrate its centenary in 2009
    D. RZSS knows the threats the giant pandas face well
    60. What’s the main idea of the text?
    A. Edinburgh Zoo expects giant pandas from China.
    B. Edinburgh Zoo does research into giant pandas.
    C. Scotland supports giant panda conservation.
    D. Giant pandas live happily in central China.


    57--60      BBCA

    解析

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    Writing in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), they suggest conflict arises when the food supply is not enough in warm conditions. Climatic factors have been mentioned as a reason for several recent conflicts. One is the fighting in Darfur in Sudan that has killed 200,000 people and forced two million more from their homes. Previous research has shown an association between lack of rain and conflict, but this is thought to be the first clear evidence of a temperature link.
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    57．According to the passage, which of the following is one of the reasons for the fighting in Darfur in Sudan?
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    D．With world cooperation, conflicts in Africa will be reduced by half 20 years later.
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    A．Something must be done to help sub-Saharan countries with better adaptation to climate change to avoid disaster.
    B．Conflicts in sub-Saharan countries are sure to be on the rise in future.
    C．Temperature in sub-Saharan countries will rise at a faster speed.
    D．High temperatures will make sub-Saharan countries unfit to live in.
    60．What's the best title for this passage?
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    B．clone a new species
    C．produce the first artificial bacteria
    D．develop a new system
    【小题2】Which of the following is the right order of the experiment?
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    b. The genes were put into a yeast cell.
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    d. The genes were changed.
    e. Some genes were taken out of Mycoplasma mycoides.
    A．d-e-a-c-bB．e-b-d-a-c
    C．a-d-e-c-bD．b-e-d-c-a
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    E

    BBC News (May 11, 2008) —Edinburgh Zoo plans to bring a pair of giant pandas from China to Scotland. Representatives from Edinburgh Zoo have recently returned from China. They signed a letter of intent (意向书) there, making a promise to bring giant pandas to the Zoo.

        It has been suggested that the pair of giant pandas should be on loan (暂借) to the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland (RZSS) for 10 years. The pair of giant pandas would give birth to babies during that time. Edinburgh Zoo would be the eighth zoo in the Western world to care for the species if the project goes ahead.

        Zoo chiefs said that looking after the endangered animals could benefit conservation. David Windmill, chief of RZSS, said, "Working with giant pandas means so much more to us than introducing a new species to our collection. It is an opportunity to work on a global level with other conservationists to gain a better understanding of the giant pandas, the threats they face, and what we can do to ensure their survival."

        At present, there are only around 1,500 giant pandas in the wild. RZSS has been working on the project for almost a year, hoping to have giant pandas at Edinburgh Zoo by 2009, the year of the society’s centenary (一百周年纪念日). Mr. Windmill said that the project has received strong support from the UK and Scottish Governments. He also said that this must continue if the Zoo is to reach an agreement with the Chinese. As part of the agreement with the Chinese Government, Edinburgh Zoo will work together with Chinese scientists on research projects benefiting conservation in the wild.

        RZSS will also provide money to support giant panda conservation projects in the wild. Giant pandas live in mountainous regions in central China and almost mainly feed on bamboo, which makes up 99% of what they eat.

    57. What do we know from the first two paragraphs?

         A. China will give a pair of giant pandas to Edinburgh Zoo.

    B. Representatives from Edinburgh Zoo have been to China.

    C. The Scottish Government has signed a letter of intent with China.

    D. Edinburgh Zoo is the first Western zoo to have giant pandas.

    58. According to the text, RZSS may be ___________.

         A. a company that deals with international business

    B. an organization that researches endangered animals

    C. a government department in charge of Western issues

    D. an activity having something to do with animals

    59. We can know from the text that _____________.

           A. David Windmill is Edinburgh Zoo’s chief

    B. the number of giant pandas in the wild is still unknown

    C. RZSS will celebrate its centenary in 2009

    D. RZSS knows the threats the giant pandas face well

    60. What’s the main idea of the text?

           A. Edinburgh Zoo expects giant pandas from China.

    B. Edinburgh Zoo does research into giant pandas.

    C. Scotland supports giant panda conservation.

    D. Giant pandas live happily in central China.

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           Climate has been a major driver of armed conflict in Africa, research shows—and future warming is likely to increase the number of deaths from war. US researchers found that across the continent, conflict was about 50% more likely in unusually warm years.

           Writing in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), they suggest conflict arises when the food supply is not enough in warm conditions. Climatic factors have been mentioned as a reason for several recent conflicts. One is the fighting in Darfur in Sudan that has killed 200,000 people and forced two million more from their homes. Previous research has shown an association between lack of rain and conflict, but this is thought to be the first clear evidence of a temperature link.

           The researchers used databases of temperatures across sub-Saharan Africa for the period between 1981 and 2002, and looked for connections between above average warmth and civil conflict in the same country that left at least 1,000 people dead. "Studies show that crop output in the region is really sensitive to small shifts in temperature, even of half a degree or so," research leader Marshall Burke, from the University of California at Berkeley, told BBC News.

           "Our findings provide strong motivation to increase investments in African adaptation to climate change by such steps as developing crop varieties less sensitive to extreme heat and promoting insurance plans to help protect farmers from negative effects of the hotter climate," said Dr Burke. "If the argument is that the trend towards rising temperatures will increase conflict, then we need to do something around climate change, but more fundamentally we need to resolve the conflicts in the first place."

           If the sub-Saharan climate continues to warm and little is done to help its countries better adapt to high temperatures, the human costs are likely to be unimaginable. If temperatures rise across the continent as computer models project, future conflicts are likely to become more common, researchers suggest. Their study shows an increase of about 50% over the next 20 years.

           When projections of social trends such as population increase and economic development were included in their model of a future Africa, temperature rise still emerged as a likely major cause of increasing armed conflict. At next month's UN climate summit (峰会) in Copenhagen, governments are due to debate how much money to put into helping African countries prepare for and adapt to negative effects of climate change.

    57．According to the passage, which of the following is one of the reasons for the fighting in Darfur in Sudan?

           A．Shortage of drinking water.                         B．Racial discrimination.

           C．Rising temperature.                                     D．Demand for planting land.

    58．What can we know from the research done by the US researchers?

           A．There is no close relation between rainfall and conflict.

           B．Temperature greatly affects crop production in sub-Saharan Africa.

           C．Temperature will rise by about 50% in Africa over the next two decades.

           D．With world cooperation, conflicts in Africa will be reduced by half 20 years later.

    59．What can be inferred from the passage?

           A．Something must be done to help sub-Saharan countries with better adaptation to climate change to avoid disaster.

           B．Conflicts in sub-Saharan countries are sure to be on the rise in future.

           C．Temperature in sub-Saharan countries will rise at a faster speed.

           D．High temperatures will make sub-Saharan countries unfit to live in.

    60．What's the best title for this passage?

           A．World cooperation against African conflict

           B．Africa's sufferings from climate change

           C．Food shortages lead to African conflict

           D．Climate drives African conflict

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