Question

Romanticism (浪漫主义) was a literary, artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. And it reached its peak from 1800 to 1840.

Romanticism urged people to look at nature and surroundings from a scientific point of view. It was also a rebellion against scientific rationalization (合理化 ) of nature. It permitted a person's imagination and freedom in art. The concept of romanticism was present in all the major art forms, like literature, the visual arts and music.

Friedrich Schlegel, a German philosopher, writer and critic, used the term “Romantic” for the first time to name a new school of literature which arose in opposition to “Classicism”. Though the concept of Romanticism was identified much earlier, critics believe that Romanticism in English literature dates from the Lyrical Ballads. The romantics were very interested in mystery, ambition and adventure.

In the visual arts, the term Romanticism refers to a trend that appeared in the 19th century, which was characterized by opposition to the classical forms and its rules. Romanticism in the visual arts focused more on the spiritual and emotional representation of nostalgia（怀旧）. Romantics used objects, like wild trees, moonlight, and so on, to convey their ideas and concepts.

In music, Romanticism was characterized by the freedom of forms and an emphasis on the emotions. It was German composers who used romanticism widely and developed this concept. Many famous composers worked in smaller forms of music that had flexible structure; for instance, ballads, solo piano music, and so on.

Romanticism influenced the literature and arts of the 18th and 19th century. The popularity of this movement declined gradually with passing time, but it has a significant place in the history of literature and art development.

Answer 1

1.Romanticism

2.Definition

3.Scientifically

4.art forms

5.interest

6.interest

7.wild trees

8.in music

9.the emotions

10.popular

【解析】

试题分析：浪漫主义指的是18世纪后半叶至19世纪上半 叶盛行于欧洲的并表现于文学和艺术各个部 门的一种主要的文艺思潮。 在艺术手法上，浪漫主义的本质特点是它的 主观性。另一个重要特点是对大自然的热爱 和对工业文明的厌恶。浪漫主义作家还喜欢 用夸张的手法，追求强烈的美丑对比和出奇 制胜的艺术效果，他们重视中世纪民间文学， 注意吸取、采用其体裁、语言、表达方式等。他们常用的文学体裁是诗歌。

1.1】

Romanticism 根据文章第一段可知主题是“浪漫主义” Romanticism，故答案为：Romanticism。

2.2】Definition 根据文章第一段可知a literary, artistic and intellectual movement是Romanticism的解释，定义，所以这里填Definition。

3.3】scientifically根据第二段第一句Romanticism urged people to look at nature and surroundings from a scientific point of view. 浪漫主义鞭策人们用科学的观点看待大自然和周围的事物。副词修饰动词，故填scientifically。

4.4】art forms根据文章第二段最后一句The concept of romanticism was present in all the major art forms, like literature, the visual arts and music.可知此处填art forms。

5.5】interest根据第三段最后一句The romantics were very interested in mystery, ambition and adventure.浪漫主义对神秘、雄心壮志和冒险感兴趣。因此可知此空填interest。

6.6】interest根据第四段第二句Romanticism in the visual arts focused more on the spiritual and emotional representation of nostalgia（怀旧）. 浪漫主义在视觉艺术上更加集中在对精神和情感上的怀旧。即有一个更加强烈的兴趣。故答案为：interest。

7.7】wild trees根据第四段最后一句Romantics used objects, like wild trees, moonlight, and so on, to convey their ideas and concepts.可知此处填wild trees。

8.8】In music根据倒数第二段第一句In music, Romanticism was characterized by the freedom of forms and an emphasis on the emotions.可知此处填In music。

9.9】the emotions根据倒数第二段第一句In music, Romanticism was characterized by the freedom of forms and an emphasis on the emotions.可知此处填the emotions。

10.10】popular根据最后一段第二句The popularity of this movement declined gradually with passing time,可知填popular。

【考点】考查历史文化类阅读