Statuses are wonderful human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society. In our everyday lives whenever we meet people, we always try to judge them in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman and so on.
Our statuses often vary with the people we meet, and change through life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume(表现出) the different statuses that various situations require. Much of social communication consists of recognizing and selecting among proper statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people, based on a constant mental process of assessment and understanding. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather easily.
A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits the buyer can choose style and material. But an American is not free to choose the clothes of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society.
Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our wallet. Having made a choice within these limits, we can have certain changes made. But apart from small adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their shelves. Statuses too come ready-made, and the range of choice among them is limited.
【小题1】According to the writer, people often assume different statuses______.
| A．in order to distinguish themselves from others |
| B．in order to better recognize other people |
| C．as their mental processes change |
| D．as the situation changes |
| A．constant mental process |
| B．selecting one’s own statuses |
| C．recognition of other people’s statuses |
| D．fitting our actions to those of other properly |
| A．Proper Relations. |
| B．Limited Choices. |
| C．Judgment of Statuses. |
| D．Comparison of Clothes. |
【小题1】D
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
解析试题分析：本文围绕着status 展开对于身份判断的叙述，人们在不同场合表现出不同的身份，而且很形象地把身份的判定比作对成衣的选择，同时身份的判定也受一定情况的局限。
【小题1】D推理判断题。从第二段“Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the different statuses that various situations require.”中的定语从句可知人们在不同情况下表现出不同的身份，所以D选项正确。
【小题2】D词意猜测题。从文章第二段可知it 指代前面句中的the task，而the task又是指前面“这意味着我们得根据大脑持续的判定和理解过程来使我们自己的行为做事方式适合别人的行为做事方式”。所以正确选项为D。
【小题3】C 主旨大意题。文章开头提出在日常生活中，我们都用“status”来判断一个人，然后一步步深入论述，所以文章是围绕身份这一话题来写的，故正确选项应是C。
考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Sub-Saharan Africa has the world’s highest hunger rate. But according to a new report, African farmers also have ideas that could help the world fight hunger and poverty. Danielle Nierenberg from the Worldwatch Institute in Washington spent a year visiting twenty-five countries south of the Sahara. In Nairobi, Kenya, for example, Ms Nierenberg found women farmers growing vegetables just outside their doorsteps in the Kibera settlement. She says they are finding ways to make their lives better. The women feed their families and sell their surplus. They use the money to send their children to school.
Last year, about 925,000,000 people worldwide did not get enough to eat. Half of all people in the world now live in and around cities. Researchers like Ms Nierenberg are looking increasingly at creative ideas to feed those who don’t have enough good food to eat. She says there are a lot of lessons that people in the Western world can learn from Africa. And what they are doing can certainly be done in other developing countries.
Farmers in the developing world lose between twenty and forty percent of their harvest before it ever reaches market. There are many reasons why food gets wasted. Farmers are without electricity and cold storage. They lack good seeds and fertilizer. They lack good roads. Conditions like these keep small farmers in poverty. Ms Nierenberg says more attention needs to be paid to protecting harvests. She says, “Given all that we invest in producing food in the first place, we need to devote the same amount of attention to making sure that it is not wasted.”
In Nigeria, village processing centers are helping farmers reduce their losses and earn more money. They centers process cassava, a root vegetable, into basic food products. In Uganda, the Worldwatch report says some schools are teaching children how to grow local kinds of crops. And in South Africa and Kenya the report praises the breeding(培育) of local kinds of livestock. These animals may produce less milk or meat than other breeds, but they can survive heat and drought conditions.
【小题1】We could learn from the new report in Para.1 that .
| A．sub-Saharan Africa has the world’s highest hunger rate |
| B．African farmers have ideas to help fighting hunger and poverty |
| C．women farmers grow vegetables in the Kibera settlement |
| D．women farmers grow vegetables to send their children to school. |
| A．private vegetables | B．side products |
| C．leftover vegetables | D．home-made products |
| A．the women spend more money on education instead of farming |
| B．more and more African people should live in and around cities |
| C．researchers find creative ideas to feed the people suffering hunger |
| D．people in the Western world do the same as the Africans have done |
| A．Farmers in developing world often lose some of their harvest |
| B．Small farmers in developing countries often suffer poverty. |
| C．Farmers should pay more attention to protecting their harvest |
| D．Attention should be paid to saving food instead of producing food |
| A．A New Report About African Farmers Fighting Hunger |
| B．Creative Ideas to Feed Those Who Have No Enough Food |
| C．Looking to Africa for Ideas About How to Fight Hunger |
| D．Animals That Can Survive Heat and Drought Conditions |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Our interpersonal skills have a great effect on success in our daily lives. This appears not only in the workplace where we can make more money or enjoy our job more, but also shows itself in marriage, raising a family and the ability to reach goals in almost every area of life. Interpersonal skills come into play when our flight is cancelled and we need to make other arrangements. They come into play when a marriage is threatened by financial challenges or infidelity(不忠).
Our communication skills even matter when we are in traffic and we need to make a decision about how to respond to other drivers. Communicating with others becomes inseparable from having a good day, or a bad day not only in how we begin communication, but in how we react to the communications of others who are having a difficult time.
It can make a difference in saving a marriage or getting a divorce, celebrating a rise or getting fired, and even having your eggs cooked as the way you like at the local restaurant. Many wise men and women have stressed the importance of dealing with others in a skillful manner.
Getting feedback(反馈意见) from others can be of great value in improving our interpersonal communication skills. Often, however, others are not skilled at giving feedback. When we get negative results, they rarely include the details we need in order to improve our interpersonal skills.
Since life improves so much with greater communication skills, getting feedback and an opportunity to improve would be not only life-saving for pilots, but labor-saving for the rest of us. Contact Alice Aspen March for a free consultation today and see how you might improve your communication skills, or learn more about The Attention Factor.
【小题1】Which of the following can greatly influence our success in our daily life according to the passage?
| A．The education we receive. | B．The skills of making a decision. |
| C．The nationality of our friends. | D．Our interpersonal skills. |
| A．Family members |
| B．Interpersonal skills. |
| C．Husband and wife |
| D．Challenges of lack of money. |
| A．Just to call our attention |
| B．To tell us the importance of communication skills. |
| C．To lead us to think of a sad scene |
| D．To help us not to forget traffic is very important. |
| A．Getting feedback from others can be valueless in improving our interpersonal skills. |
| B．Even if we have good communication skills, we will surely not be able to improve our life. |
| C．If we pay enough money, we can get some advice from Alice Aspen March. |
| D．Many wise people think communicating with others needs skills. |
| A．The Attention Factor |
| B．The Problems of Marriage |
| C．Interpersonal Skills |
| D．The Relationship Between Our Feelings and Traffic |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
A serious problem for today's society is who should be responsible for our elderly and how to improve their lives. It is not only a financial problem but also a question of the system we want for our society. I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.
First, employers should take the responsibility for their retired employees. To make this possible, a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose. But when a company must take life-long responsibility for its employees, it may suffer from a commercial disadvantage due to higher employee costs.
Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual. This means each person must save during his working years to pay for his years of retirement. This does not seem a very fair model since some people have enough trouble paying for their daily life without trying to earn extra to cover their retirement years. This means the government might have to step in to care for the poor.
In addition, the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly. This could be financed through government taxes to increase the level of pensions. Furthermore, some institutions should be created for senior citizens, which can help provide a comfortable life for them. Unfortunately, as the present situation in our country shows, this is not a truly viable answer. The government can seldom afford to care for the elderly, particularly when it is busy trying to care for the young.
One further solution is that the government or social organizations establish some working places especially for the elderly where they are independent.
To sum up, all these options have advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.
【小题1】What is the passage mainly about?
| A．The problems faced by the old in society. |
| B．Why we should take responsibility for the old. |
| C．How we can improve the lives of the old. |
| D．Where the old can go to get their pensions. |
| A．impossible | B．practical | C．useful | D．important |
| A．To point out the need for government support for old people. |
| B．To make general readers aware of the problems of retired people. |
| C．To discuss some possible solutions to an important social problem. |
| D．To instruct retired people on how they can have a happier life. |
| A．social science | B．historical events |
| C．political problem | D．political systems |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The weather is getting hotter. You are thirsty playing basketball or riding home from school. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful what you are drinking. Something that looks cool may not be good for your health. There are plenty of “energy drinks” on the market. Most of them have beautiful colors and cool names. The lists on them tell you they are helpful to your health. Sounds great!
But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine(咖啡碱)in them. These drinks are especially aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players. Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much. Caffeine makes your heart beat fast. Because of this, the International Olympic Committee(IOC) has limited(限制) its use. Caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as strong as that in a cup of coffee or tea. Possible health dangers have something to do with energy drinks. Just one box of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart problems. Scientists say that teenagers should be discouraged from taking drinks with a lot of caffeine in them.
【小题1】Many people like drinking energy drinks because of the following EXCEPT that ______.
| A．they have beautiful colors and cool names |
| B．they have lots of caffeine |
| C．they can keep them awake and better at sports |
| D．they are said to be helpful to health |
| A．heart problems | B．nervousness |
| C．sleeping difficulty | D．possible health dangers |
| A．encouraged | B．stopped | C．helped | D．disliked |
| A．advertisements are important in getting people to buy energy drinks |
| B．energy drinks are helpful to teenagers’ study |
| C．sports players need to drink a lot of energy drinks |
| D．energy drinks are especially aimed at teenagers |
| A．What’s the Use of Energy Drinks? |
| B．Who Can Drink Energy Drinks? |
| C．What’s That in Energy Drinks? |
| D．Why Can’t We Buy Energy Drinks? |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech．At some point in every speech, every speaker says something that is not understood exactly as he has planned．Fortunately, the moments are usually not obvious to the listeners. Why ? Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say. They hear only what the speaker does say. If you lose your place for a moment, wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences, or forget to pause at a certain point, no one will be any the wiser．When such moments occur, don’t worry about them. Just continue as if nothing happened．
Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech, that don’t really matter. If you have ever listened to Martin Luther King’s famous speech – “ I have a dream”, you may notice that he stumble（结巴）his words twice during the speech．Most likely, however, you don’t remember．Why? Because you were fixing your attention on its message rather than on his way of speech-making. People care a lot about making mistakes in a speech because they regard speech-making as a kind of performance rather than as an act of communication. They feel the listeners are like judges in an ice-skating competition．But, in fact, the listeners are not looking for a perfect performer. They are looking for a well-thought-out speech that expresses the speaker’s ideas clearly and directly．Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making him more human．
As you work on your speech, don’t worry about being imperfect．Once you free your mind of this, you will find it much easier to give your speech freely．
【小题1】The underlined part in the first paragraph means that no one will ___________．
| A．be smarter than you | B．notice your mistakes |
| C．do better than you | D．know what you are talking about |
| A．your attention is on the content |
| B．you don’t fully understand the speech |
| C．you don’t know what the speaker plans to say |
| D．you find the way of speech-making more important |
| A．giving a speech is like giving a performance |
| B．one to two mistakes in a speech may not be bad |
| C．the listeners should pay more attention to how a speech is made |
| D．the more mistakes a speaker makes, the more attractive he will be |
| A．How to Be a Perfect Speaker |
| B．How to Make a Perfect Speech |
| C．Don’t Expect a Perfect Speech |
| D．Don’t Expect Mistakes in a Speech |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The riches in the world are not found in the famous gold and diamond mines，where many men and women are digging for them．Most riches in the world are found in the cemeteries(墓地)and grave yards，buried with people’s dreams，aspirations，and unfulfilled potential．Why is it so?
Countless men and women died without ever having the courage to follow their own paths．Maybe because they were afraid to violate some kinds of social norms, maybe because they were afraid to be alone，or maybe simply because they preferred to settle for the familiar．They went to the graves，with a song that would never be heard，a piece of poetry never be written, a dance step never be initiated and a heart full of dreams and aspirations，leaving behind a life full of potential yet no legacy．
Michael Jordan，one of the greatest athletes once said，‘‘I can fail，but I cannot afford not to try．” Life remains a beautiful journey if we learn to take that step and to work that path．Every challenge and defeat in the process becomes a light post that sharpens the vision and shapes the direction forward．
“In my world nothing goes wrong，”said the great Indian sage Nmaja Dhahta Majraj．We must learn to trust the greatness within all of us and know that each of as is here to bring our unique contribution to the universal monument．If each of us learns to dance to the music we only can hear, society as a whole will evolve naturally and spiritually toward love，peace and happiness，and will be void of jealousy,envy and discrimination．
And Henry David Thoreau would say, “If a man does not keep pace with his companions，that is because he hears a difierent drum．’’And one truly believes that the path to success and happiness passes through the dancing to such a unique drumbeat．Therefore，do not die with the music still playing inside you．
【小题1】What’s the author’s opinion on riches?
| A．They are people’s dreams and aspirations． |
| B．They are the most important things in the world． |
| C．They are something we can’t possess and dream of． |
| D．They are gold and diamonds which we can dig for in mines． |
| A．They were afraid to break the traditional norms． |
| B．They were used to what they were already familiar with． |
| C．They were afraid to hurt others and snffer setbacks． |
| D．They were afraid to be alone when making the dreams come true． |
| A．Having a try is an easy thing we can do． |
| B．Trying something new will bring us benefits． |
| C．We should be careful if we want to have a try． |
| D．All people are not brave enough to experience something new． |
| A．Brave． | B．Healthy． | C．Common． | D．Self-confident． |
| A．Topic—Argument—Explanation |
| B．Topic—Examples—Conclusion |
| C．Introduction—Comparison—Discussion |
| D．Introduction—Explanatton—Examples |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Confucius said, “In a group of three people, there is always something I can learn. Choose to follow the strengths of others, and use their shortcomings to reflect upon ourselves.”
As you can see from what Confucius said, everyone that we come across can teach us something useful. As long as we reflect on the lessons learnt from and by other people, we can continuously improve ourselves. But take note that when you reflect on these lessons, you apply some wisdom to each lesson because each situation is unique although they share some common principles.
We can learn a lot from everyone. We always tend to think that we can only learn from those who are higher in status or have more knowledge than us, but that is not really the case. We learn from those who are lower in status than us as well, because the experience and knowledge of each person is very different.
The best thing about this type of learning, reflecting other people’s strengths and shortcomings onto ourselves, is that we do not pay for the mistakes that are made. The only cost to us is the time that is needed to learn about and reflect on these lessons from other people’s lives.
As we all know, some mistakes can be ones which people cannot afford to make, for instance, a broken friendship or a financial loss. Thus constantly using other people’s strengths and shortcomings to reflect upon ourselves makes us realize the costs of these mistakes and reduces the possibility that we will make similar mistakes.
What can we do now to learn from others? By keeping our eyes and ears open. Be observant and able to realize what strengths and shortcomings other people have. A lot of people in this world like to complain about their lives. Listen to them and make you own assessment and from your own assessment, reflect upon your life and make improvements where necessary.
【小题1】According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
| A．Confucius thought we should learn from strengths of others. |
| B．Only from those who have more knowledge than us can we learn. |
| C．It is by reflecting on the lessons learnt by others that we can improve ourselves. |
| D．Reflecting upon other people’s strengths and shortcomings can help us make fewer mistakes. |
| A．learning from other people’s mistakes |
| B．learning from others’ experiences |
| C．finding what strengths and shortcomings other people have |
| D．reflecting others’ strengths and shortcomings onto ourselves |
| A．sometimes we can afford the costs of a broken friendship |
| B．our reflection will necessarily reduce our mistakes |
| C．some reflection will help to improve ourselves |
| D．reflection will stop us from making any mistakes in life |
| A．a magazine about life | B．a book about travel |
| C．an advertisement | D．a research report |
| A．How to improve oneself. |
| B．How to use the shortcomings of others to reflect upon ourselves. |
| C．How to reduce the mistakes in one’s life. |
| D．How to learn from other people’s strengths and shortcomings. |
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