Question

17．Great changes have taken place in American family life because of the（56）development（develop）of science and industry．In the past，when more Americans lived on farms，a typical family（57）had（have）many children．In a farm family，parents and their children often lived （58）withgrandparents．Often，too，uncles and aunts lived nearly．（59）Butwhen industry became more important than agriculture in American life，families became smaller （60）becauseindustry requires workers （61）whoare ready and able to move off the land and to move again whenever necessary．And large families cannot move （62）easily（easy） from place to place as smaller families can．So people tend to have smaller families nowadays．
 In the future，because of industrialization，families will（63）be required（require） to move even more frequently，and will be even smaller．A typical family may remain childless consists of a man and woman only．A small number of families may take childraising as their chief work．At （64）thesame time they may also raise other people's children，（65）leave（leave） those families free to move from place to place．

Answer 1

分析 本文介绍了美国家庭的巨大变化，农业时期整个大家庭住在一起，工业时期家庭变得越来越小．

解答 56．development考查名词．根据句意：由于科学和工业的发展．because of是介词短语，后跟名词作宾语，所以用名词development．
57．had 考查时态．根据时间状语in the past在过去，所以用过去时，答案填had．
58．With 考查介词．根据句意：父母和孩子常常和祖父母住在一起，live with"和…住在一起"．
 59．But考查连词．根据上文是农业的家庭，后文是工业的家庭，两者之间是转折关系，所以用but连接．
60．because 考查连词．根据句意：家庭变得小是因为工业需要工人．because是连词"因为"．
61．who 考查定语从句．先行词是workers，在定语从句中做主语，所以用关系代词who引导．
62．easily 考查副词．根据句意：大家庭不能轻易地从一个地方搬到另一个地方，此处用副词修饰动词move．所以填easily．
63．be required　考查被动语态．根据句意：家庭将需要更频繁地移动．family与require之间是被动关系，所以答案填be required．
64．the 考查固定短语．　at the same time是英语的固定搭配"同时"．
65．leaving 考查非谓语．根据句意：他们也可能抚养其他人的孩子，让那些家庭自由地从一个地方搬到另一个地方．此处是现在分词在句中做结果状语从句．

点评 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．