Question

The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru’s heartbreaking story could have one good consequence — other countries might learn from its mistakes.

For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.

However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.

Nauru’s real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐)on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.

A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.

In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.

Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem — their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.

1.What might be the author’s purpose in writing the text?________.

A．To seek help for Nauru’s problems.

B．To give a warning to other countries

C．To show the importance of money

D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.

2.What was Nauru like before the Europeans came? ________.

A．Rich and powerful	B．Modern and open
C．Peaceful and attractive	D．Greedy and aggressive

3.The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _______.

A．soil pollution	B．phosphate overmining
C．farming activity	D．whale hunting

4.Which of the following was a cause of Nauru’s financial problem? ________.

A．Its leaders misused the money

B．It spent too much repairing the island

C．Its phosphate mining cost much money

D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.

5.What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?________.

A．The phosphate mines were destroyed

B．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.

C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans

D．The leaders will take the experts’ words seriously.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.C

3.B

4.A

5.B

【解析】

试题分析：

1.B 推理题。本文讲述了太平洋上的岛国Nauru破坏环境的经历来警告我们不要重蹈覆辙。故B正确。

2.C 推理题。根据第二段1,2行Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization.说明这个国家以前远离西方文明，过着安宁平静的生活。故C正确。

3.B 推理题。根据第五段A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land说明这个国家的土壤受到严重的破坏，是土壤受到了污染。故B正确。

4.A 细节题。根据文章最后一段1,2行Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.说明A正确。

5.B 推理题。根据文章倒数2,3行Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.说明生态一旦被破坏以后，是很难恢复的。故B正确。

考点：考查新闻报告类短文阅读

点评：本文讲述了太平洋上的岛国Nauru破坏环境的经历来警告我们不要重蹈覆辙，不要总是去破坏我们的环境。