精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
Almost every machine with moving parts has wheels,yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for.We do know,however,that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia.
The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia.It is over 5,100 years old.Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didn’t become popular for a while,though.This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.
But it could also be because of a difficult situation.While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces,roads with smooth surfaces weren’t going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them.Eventually,road surfaces did become smoother,but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later.There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.
In the mid­1700s,a Frenchman came up with a new design of road—a base layer(层) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones.A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong,lasting road surface became a reality.At around the same time,metal hubs (the central part of a wheel)came into being,followed by the pneumatic tyre(充气轮胎) in 1846.Alloy wheels were invented in 1967,sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路).As wheel design took off,vehicles got faster and faster.                          (2013·重庆,C)
小题1:What might explain why transport wheels didn’t become popular for some time?
A.Few knew how to use transport wheels.
B.Humans carried farming tools just as well.
C.Animals were a good means of transport.
D.The existence of transport wheels was not known.
小题2:What do we know about road design from the passage?
A.It was easier than wheel design.
B.It improved after big changes in vehicle design.
C.It was promoted by fast­moving vehicles.
D.It provided conditions for wheel design to develop.
小题3:How is the last paragraph mainly developed?
A.By giving examples.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By following time order.
D.By making classifications.
小题4:What is the passage mainly about?
A.The beginning of road design.
B.The development of transport wheels.
C.The history of public transport.
D.The invention of fast­moving vehicles.

小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:B

小题1: C
解析 细节理解题。从第二段中的“This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.”可知,正确答案为C项。
小题2: D
解析 推理判断题。从第三、四段的描述我们可知,道路的设计为轮子的发展提供了条件。
小题3: C
解析 组织结构题。从最后一段中的In the mid­1700s;in the 1820s;At around the same time;in 1967等可看出该段是按时间顺序组织起来的。
小题4: B
解析 主旨大意题。全文主要向我们介绍了车轮的发展历程。
练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源:不详 题型:阅读理解

The year is 2094,It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth.Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth.
On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a massive explosion.About half of the piece is destoryed but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200times the speed of sound.The sea boils and a huge gole is made in the sea bed.Huge waves are created and spread outwards form the hole.The eall of water,a kilometer high,rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.
Before the waves reach South America.the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina.Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Moutains.The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles,San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes,Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead,but the north won’t eacape for long.Because of the explosions the sun is hidden by clouds of dust,and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are ruined.The sun won’t be seen again for many years.Wars break out as countries fight for food.A year later,no more than 10 million remain laive.
Could it really happen?In fact,it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth.The dinesaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years,Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldn’t live through the cold climate that followed and they died out .Will we meet the same end ?
小题1:What is mainly described in the passage ?
A.A historic discoveryB.A research on space
C.A scientific adventureD.An imaginary event
小题2:When the first piece hits the South Atlantic,it causes_______.
A.an earthquakeB.huge waves
C.damages to citiesD.an Earth explosion
小题3:Why can’t the northern half of the earth escape ofr long?
A.Because the land is covered with water.
B.because people there can not live at the temperature of zero.
C.Because wars break out among countries.
D.Because the light and heat from the sun can not reach the earth.
小题4:By giving the example if dinosaurs,the author tries to prove________.
A.animals could not live in the cold climate.
B.what happened 65 mollion years ago was an invented story.
C.the human beings will die out in 2094
D.the Earth could be hit by other objects in space
小题5:We may guess that the writer is_________.
A.worriedB.full of imaginationC.practicalD.a scientist

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:不详 题型:阅读理解

Why do human beings still risk their lives under ground and doing one of the dirtiest and most dangerous jobs in the world?It’s an increasingly urgent question,given the recent high­profile(引人注目的) mining accidents in Sago,W.Va.and Huntington,Utah.A small group of engineers and robotics experts look forward to a day in the not­too­distant future when robots and other technology do most of the dangerous mining work.
Robotic technology,in particular,holds much promise,McAteer says,especially when it comes to mapping mines and rescuing trapped miners—the special operations of the mining industry.
One of the first mining robots was developed five years ago at Carnegie­Mellon University’s Robotics Institute.It was called Groundhog and it looked like a golf cart.It used lasers(激光器) to “see” in dark tunnels and map abandoned mines—some of the most dangerous work in the business.
The latest design is called Cave Crawler.It’s a bit smaller than Groundhog,and even more advanced.It can take photos and video and has sensors mounted(增加) that can detect the presence of dangerous gases.Incredibly,the robot has a real sense of logic.If it comes across an obstacle it gets confused.It has to think through the process and where to go next,and sometimes it throws_a_fit just like a real person.
The biggest obstacle,though,is cost.The original research project was federally funded,but that money has dried up,and it’s not clear where future funding will come from. Partly for that reason,and partly because of advances in safety,mining is not nearly as dangerous as it was in the past.Since 1990,fatalities(致命性) have declined by 67 percent and injuries by 51 percent,according to the National Mining Association.
Some experts predict that robots in mines will serve much of the same function that they do in the automotive industry.The robots do the most repetitive and dangerous jobs,but don’t eliminate(消除) the need for human workers.
小题1:The underlined phrase “throws a fit” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A.gets angryB.gets sick
C.becomes hungryD.becomes cheerful
小题2:We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.
A.robots in mines will serve much in the automotive industry
B.there will be no need for human workers in mines
C.the mine robots will have a very bright future
D.robots in mines have a long way to go
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A.Mining robots do most of the mining work at present.
B.Groundhog can discover the presence of dangerous gases.
C.Experts are trying to make robots save miners in danger.
D.Robots cannot do dangerous work in dark areas.
小题4:What can be the best title for the text?
A.Mining Accidents in America
B.Could Robots Replace Humans in Mines?
C.Cave Crawler,the Latest Robot
D.The Development of Robots

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:不详 题型:阅读理解

Internet dating has become one of the biggest and most successful business ventures on the Internet.Basically,Internet dating is a way to meet people for either friendship or dating without actually having to meet them in person first.
The first thing to do if you decide to try Internet dating is to build your profile (简介) which can include your hobbies,hopes for the future,and so on.A photograph is optional,but many sites claim that a photograph increases the number of people who look at your profile.Many Internet dating sites will charge a one­time registration fee to use their services.
Internet dating makes it possible to meet people from all over the world.Your call even narrow the search down to your area by zip code (邮政编码).Another advantage is that you can communicate by e­mail before you meet in person.Thousands of people have met,fallen in love,and married through Internet dating.It is an excellent way for shy people to meet.It is also a way for people with busy lives to connect with others,and an easy way to meet people who share your interests.
Just as in conventional dating and love,there are some pitfalls to be aware of in Internet dating.The person you have been talking to on the Net may not be who they say they are.Be very aware that there are some people who misrepresent their appearance or private details,such as marital status,income,and so on,for their own reasons.It would not be the first time that someone has been taken in,and talk shows are full of cheating partners who have been caught dating over the Internet in their spare time.Nevertheless,taking a few simple precautions (防范措施) should help ensure that your Internet dating experience is fun.
小题1:The purpose of writing the passage is to________.
A.persuade readers to go dating on the Internet
B.inform us how to date on the Internet
C.warn readers against web love
D.introduce Internet dating to us
小题2:Which of the following is a must to make an Internet dating possible?
A.A photo.B.A profile.
C.Registration fee.D.Business experience.
小题3:The underlined word “pitfalls” in Paragraph 4 most probably means________.
A.rulesB.trends
C.problemsD.skills
小题4:What is probably talked about following the last paragraph?
A.Conventional dating.B.Hidden advantages.
C.Safety measures.D.Romantic love.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:不详 题型:阅读理解

Life in space will certainly take some getting used to!But the space station has been designed to keep the astronauts as comfortable as possible—the modules(舱) are roomy,bright,and kept at a constant 70 degrees Fahrenheit.It’s important the crew members are comfortable because they’ll be busy aboard the station.In a typical workday,crew members will spend 14 hours working and exercising,1.5 hours preparing and eating meals,and 8.5 hours sleeping.Here are some other fun facts about life aboard the station:
Food
Come mealtime,astronauts will have a special dining kitchen.Space food just keeps getting better—and more like food we enjoy here on Earth.In early space missions,astronauts could eat only freeze­dried food that didn’t require any preparation.But the space station is equipped with water,microwave ovens,and refrigerators,allowing the folks on board to eat more “normal” types of food,including fruit,vegetables,and ice cream!
Sleep
Each crew member has a private room.With no gravity,they’ll need to tie themselves to their beds,or they will float away!That might sound like a strange way to sleep,but astronauts from past space missions report that sleeping in space is actually pretty great!
Exercise
You might not think it,but exercise is even more important on the station than it is on Earth.There is not much gravity in space.Astronauts don’t stand up,sit down or walk in space,so their muscles and bones don’t have to work much—and this muscle and bone loss can be dangerous back on Earth.To fight this,astronauts on the station will exercise on bikes,rowing machines,and other equipment about two hours every day.
Clothing
Astronauts will have to wear special space suits while traveling aboard the U.S.shuttle or Russian rockets.But once they’re safe inside the space station,crew members can wear regular clothing.Of course,a specially designed,pressurized space suit is required for space walks.It has to withstand(经受住) flying pieces and protect the astronauts from dramatic temperature changes.It can range from 120 degrees below Fahrenheit in the shadow of the station to 250 degrees in the hot sun.
Personal Cleanliness
Simple tasks like brushing your teeth can be challenging in a weightless environment.A little water doesn’t flow in a stream—it suspends in a bubble!Astronauts will use a freshwater hose(软管) to take showers,shampoo,and wash off—then a second vacuum hose to suction(吸) off the dirty water.And how do you go to the bathroom in space?With a special “air toilet” that uses flowing air instead of water to dispose of waste.
小题1:The facts about life in space are all mentioned EXCEPT ________.
A.clothingB.entertainment
C.sleepD.exercise
小题2:What can be learned from the paragraph “Clothing”?
A.The temperature is quite different in different places in space.
B.Astronauts must wear special space suits all the time in space.
C.Astronauts can wear regular clothing for space walks now.
D.Astronauts wear pressurized space suits just to keep warm.
小题3:Why is exercise more important in space than on earth?
A.It can make astronauts feel relaxed in space.
B.It can help astronauts spend their spare time happily.
C.Astronauts’ lives are more important in space than on earth.
D.It can prevent astronauts from causing muscle and bone loss.
小题4:What do we know about space food from the text?
A.Astronauts could eat apples in space in the past.
B.Astronauts eat only fruit,vegetables and ice cream now.
C.Fresh food isn’t available to astronauts in space.
D.Space food is getting better now than before.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:不详 题型:阅读理解

Farmers, especially in developing countries, are often criticized for cutting down forests. But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value of keeping trees.
Researchers using satellite images found at least ten percent tree cover on more than one billion hectares of farmland. That is almost half the farmland in the world. Earlier estimates were much lower but incomplete. The authors of the new study say it may still underestimate the true extent worldwide.
The study found the most tree cover in South America. Next comes Africa south of the Sahara, followed by Southeast Asia. North Africa and West Asia have the least.
The study found that climate conditions alone could not explain the amount of tree cover in different areas. Nor could the size of nearby populations, meaning people and trees can live together. There are areas with few trees but also few people, and areas with many trees and many people. The findings suggest that things like land rights, markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.
Dennis Garrity, who heads the World Agroforestry Center, says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees. The problem, he says, is that policy makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.
The satellite images may not show what the farmers are using the trees for, but trees provide nuts, fruit, wood and other products. They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies. Even under drought(干旱)conditions, trees can often provide food and a way to earn money until the next growing season.
Some trees act as natural fertilizers. They take nitrogen(氮气)out of the air and put it in the soil. Scientists at the Center say the use of fertilizer trees can re-duce the need for chemical nitrogen by up to three-fourths. Trees also capture carbon dioxide, a gas linked to climate change.
小题1:Through the study, the researchers found that               .
A.there are more trees on farmlands than expected
B.fewer trees are being cut in developing countries
C.most farmers still don’t realize the value of trees
D.trees play a key role in preventing climate change
小题2:Which of the following has the least tree cover?
A.Southeast AsiaB.West Asia.
C.South America.D.Africa south of the Sahara.
小题3:In Dennis Garrity’s opinion,              .
A.most farmers care about nothing but their own interests
B.there are usually few people living in areas with few trees
C.government plays a small role in tree planting and protection
D.government should support farmers in planting and protecting trees
小题4:The sixth paragraph mainly tells about          .
A.how farmers plant trees
B.what products trees can bring
C.the importance of trees to farmers
D.the environmental value of tree cover

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:不详 题型:阅读理解

All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for an independent life,but any parent can tell you that it’s hard to let go of your children.That balance between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be heartbreaking.Years of experience means that parents often do know best,but on the other hand,the young,being less bound by tradition,are often more creative,more able to find new solutions to old problems.Revolutions are led by the young.
Good teachers make the growth of critical (批判性的) thinking easier in their students,only to find that this can lead to a questioning of the teachers’ basic beliefs.Schools encourage parents to become involved,but are often embarrassed when parents have reservations about some of the educational methods being used.Governments encourage unimportant groups to empower themselves in order to participate fully in the development process.And they are often surprised when the new leaders of these groups turn around and attack the policies of that same government.The rebellions (叛逆的)young and the newly unimportant groups are important in social development.They are not necessarily representatives of those they want to represent or not realistic in their demands,but their voices must be heard.
Good parents know that just forbidding particular behaviors does not prevent their children from finding ways to engage in these forbidden activities.Indeed,sometimes the forbidden fruit is more inviting,just because it is not accepted by authority.Parents must work with their children to educate them on the facts,know as much as possible about he lives of their children,provide a good example,encourage more wholesome activities but also support their children when they don’t follow what is expected of them.But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go.
小题1:By saying “Revolutions are led by the young”,the author indicates that young people are more___________________.
A.conventionalB.creative
C.realisticD.heartbreaking
小题2:From the second paragraph we know__________________.
A.the voice of the rebellious young should be heard by the government
B.schools encourage parents to question their education methods
C.movement is satisfied with the new leaders’ attack on the policies
D.teachers’ basic beliefs should be questioned by students
小题3:In order to educate children well,parents should_________________.
A.forbid particular behaviors in their daily life
B.know as much as possible as their children
C.educate them with facts and expect much of them
D.know them well and set a good example to them
小题4:From the passage we can learn that the author prefers ___________________.
A.free parentingB.traditional parenting
C.smart parentingD.critical parenting
小题5:What is the best title of the passage?
A.Teaching Methods – for Teachers and Schools
B.Parents’ Tasks – in Children’s Development
C.Way of Growth – for the Young Groups
D.Letting Go – for Children’s Independent Life

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:不详 题型:阅读理解

  How would you like to teach yourself, rather than have teachers? According to the UK’s Department of Education and Skills, students will teach themselves in the schools of the future. This means that there will be no more problems such as finding enough teachers.
Estelle Morris, the UK Education Secretary, opened the 2002 Education Technology Conference in London recently. To start the conference, she presented a video showing a computer—generated model of the school of tomorrow.
Greater use of computer technology and classroom assistants will help students develop their own way of learning, Morris said. She added that this is a more exciting as well as a more interesting way of learning.
At the same time, teachers will be “freed from their traditional role as the source of all knowledge”.
Children of all abilities will “form the curriculum(课程)around their individual needs.” They will “learn in their own time, at their own speed and in their own environment”.
At home or at school, they will follow their learning programmes by looking at online libraries and watching lessons by world-class teachers and subject experts.
Instead of going on field trips, students will use virtual reality. If they don’t understand something, they can ask other students—“take part in virtual communities with learners with similar needs”—or e-mail their teachers. They will hand in their work electronically to be “auto-marked”.
The classroom of the future is fast becoming a reality.
And the Department of Education will soon produce a guide to help schools adapt buildings for new technology, Morris said. These ideas are based on the UK government’s plan to create an education system that provides students with a strong grounding of knowledge and skills at primary school level. And provides the chance for students to develop their individual skills at secondary school level.
小题1:According to the UK’s Department of Education and Skills, the school of the future will ______.
A.cause more problems such as being able to find enough teachers
B.set no homework and no tests for students
C.make good use of the computer technology and classroom assistants
D.enable students to learn by themselves without teachers
小题2:Estelle Morris thinks that computer technology does good to teachers in ________.
A.helping students develop their own way of learning
B.enabling students to experience interesting and exciting ways of learning
C.providing students with knowledge of all sorts
D.not being considered the source of various knowledge
小题3: If the students do not understand something, they can _______.
A.go on a field trip
B.go to ask their teachers to help them
C.send e-mail to ask for a teacher’s help
D.have a look at other learners’ homework
小题4: If s a student is under the UK’s newly-developed education system,he will be ________.
A.provided with a basic knowledge from the beginning
B.given more knowledge at primary school level
C.helped to use computers better
D.supplied chance to develop their basic skills

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源:不详 题型:阅读理解

Most people know that awkward feeling when you walk into an elevator with other people and try not to make eye contact(接触). But a new research suggests it may be down to a subconscious power struggle being played out as you make your way up and down.
A study found that people decide where they stand based on a micro social status,established within seconds of entering the lift.
Rebekah Rousi.a Ph. D.student in cognitive(认知)science,conducted an ethnographic(人种论)
Study of elevator behaviour in two of the tallest office buildings in Adelaide,Australia.As part of her research,she took a total of 30 lift rides in the two buildings,and discovered .There was an established order to where people tended to stand
In a blog she writes that more senior men seemed to direct themselves towards the back of the elevator She said:“In front of them were younger men,and in front of them were women of aII ages.”She also notice there
was a difference in where people directed their gaze(注视)half way through the ride.“Men watched the monitors,looked in the side mirrors(in one building)to see themseIves.And in the door mirrors(of the other building)to also watch others Women would watch the monitors and avoid eye contact with other users(unless in conversation)and the mirrors,”she writes.
She concluded it could be that people who are shyer stand toward the front,where they can’t see other passengers,whereas confident people stand in the back,where they have a  view of everyone else.
小题1:The passage is mainly about      
A. elevator riding manners   
B communication in the elevator
C. elevator riders’ standing positions 
D. micro social status in the elevator
小题2:The underlined word“it”in the first paragraph probably refers to“     
A.an elevatorB.the new researchC.eye contactD.social status
小题3:A person who stands in the back of the lift is probably      
A confident    B shy    C honest
小题4:The conclusion of the research in the passage is          
A. subjective    B.objective    C critical     D doubtful

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案