Question

12．阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文．
Many students in the colleges and universities are found taking no notice of the waste of water，electricity or paper．
There is a phenomenon which can often be seen in students'public washrooms．A basin of clothes is put under a tap which is turned on at the maximum，and the water in the basin is spilling over，but there is no one in the washroom．The owner of the clothes comes back and pours out half of the water in the basin．
The same thing happens in the use of electricity in the colleges and universities．During supper time，all the lights are turned on．However，there are only several or even no students in the classroom，which can hold over a hundred students．At night，some of the dormitories are locked，but the lights are still on inside．Quite a few students explain themselves that they don't have to pay the extra electricity cost even if they overuse it because they have paid the school fee already．
When typing the exam paper and thesis，many students type the paper only on the one side．Few students type the paper on the both sides．The reason is that they think the price of typing on one side or both sides on a piece of paper is the same．As a result，it causes a large amount of paper waste．
写作内容
1．以约30个词概括上文的主要内容．
2．以约120个词就"节约能源意识"这个话题发表你的看法，内容要点包括：
（1）学生增强节约能源意识的必要性；
（2）你认为生活中如何做到节约能源．
写作要求
作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子．
评分标准
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯．A number of students in the colleges pay no attention to the waste of water，electricity and paper，which causes a large amount of energy to be wasted．
In my opinion，it is wrong for college students to do so．It's a shame that many of them keep on wasting energy．They shouldn't do this even if they pay for it．So it is necessary for us students to enhance the awareness of saving energy．The waste and overuse of energy has influenced ecological balance，which will have a harmful effect on our environment and threaten our existence．
Personally，I think we can save much energy in our daily life．First，we can walk or ride bicycles to school．If schools are too far away from our homes，we can take buses instead of taking private cars or taxis．Second，we should write on both sides of paper．Besides，we can take reusable bags with us when shopping．Fourth，we can save electricity by turning off the lights or other electrical appliances when we sleep or leave the rooms．In addition，we can reuse the water after washing to clean the toilets．
In a word，as long as we make efforts，a lot of energy can be saved and the environment can be protected．．

Answer 1

分析 本文是读写任务型写作，这类作文可按照三段式模板写：第一段：概况所给短文要点．第二段：过渡词引出主题句---阐述理由．第三段：个人观点．特别要注意第一段的概括．用自己的语言概括，不能照搬照抄原文． 时态用一般现在时．人称用第一和第三人称． 重要短语：pay no attention to sth （不注意…），cause sth to be wasted （引起某物被注意），in one's opinion（某人认为），keep on doing （继续做某事…），even if（即使），enhance the awareness of （增强…的意识），influence ecological balance（影响生态平衡），have an effect on…（对…有影响），turn off…（关掉…），make efforts（努力）．
【高分句型一】
1．A number of students in the colleges pay no attention to the waste of water，electricity and paper，which causes a large amount of energy to be wasted．
此处是由关系代词"which"引导的非限制性定语从句，"which"在从句中作主语，指代前面整个主句的内容．
【高分句型二】
2．It's a shame that many of them keep on wasting energy．
此处是"It"引导的主语从句，结构为"It be+名词（短语）+that+从句"．
【高分句型三】
3．The waste and overuse of energy has influenced ecological balance，which will have a harmful effect on our environment and threaten our existence．
此处是由关系代词"which"引导的定语从句，"which"在从句中作主语，指代前面整个主句的内容．
【高分句型四】
4．as long as we make efforts，a lot of energy can be saved and the environment can be protected．
此处是由连词"as long as"引导的条件状语从句，意为"只要""a lot of energy can be saved and the environment can be protected"为主句．

解答 A number of students in the colleges pay no attention to the waste of water，electricity and paper，which causes a large amount of energy to be wasted．【高分句型一】（概括）
In my opinion，it is wrong for college students to do so．It's a shame that many of them keep on wasting energy．【高分句型二】They shouldn't do this even if they pay for it．So it is necessary for us students to enhance the awareness of saving energy．The waste and overuse of energy has influenced ecological balance，which will have a harmful effect on our environment and threaten our existence．【高分句型三】（学生增强节约能源意识的必要性）
Personally，I think we can save much energy in our daily life．First，we can walk or ride bicycles to school．If schools are too far away from our homes，we can take buses instead of taking private cars or taxis．Second，we should write on both sides of paper．Besides，we can take reusable bags with us when shopping．Fourth，we can save electricity by turning off the lights or other electrical appliances when we sleep or leave the rooms．In addition，we can reuse the water after washing to clean the toilets．（如何做到节约能源）
In a word，as long as we make efforts，a lot of energy can be saved and the environment can be protected．【高分句型四】（个人观点）

点评 读写任务型写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．