Question

In modem society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．Others say that competition is bad, that it sets one person against another and that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied(依赖)on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life-and-death affair. In their single-minded pursuit(追求)of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success .By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.’’ What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．
Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解)can we discover a new meaning in competition．
【小题1】What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self-respect．

B．Opinions about competition are different among people．

C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．

【小题2】Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A．It pushes society forward．

B．it builds up a sense of duty．

C．It improves personal abilities．

D．It encourages individual efforts．

【小题3】The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means________．

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who are against competition most strongly

D．those who rely on others most for success

【小题4】What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?

A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others’．

B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts．

C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills．

D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried．

【小题5】Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Every effort should be paid back．

B．Competition should be encouraged．

C．Winning should be a life—and—death matter．

D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

Answer 1

【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
【小题4】A
【小题5】D

解析试题分析：本文主要讲述的是人们对于竞争的态度，有人认为竞争有很多的好处，也有人认为竞争有很多的坏处。
【小题1】B 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容可知本文主要讲述的是人们对于竞争的态度，有人认为竞争有很多的好处，也有人认为竞争有很多的坏处。故B正确。
【小题2】A 细节题。根据文章第一段第2句Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity说明竞争会导致社会的进步和繁荣。故A正确。
【小题3】C 推理题。根据本句Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．句意说明最反对竞争的人是那些遭受到竞争的压力的人。故该词是指C项正确。
【小题4】A 推理题。根据第3段4,5,6行Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success .By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.’’这些人不想努力，总个自己的不努力找理由，总是认为自己如果自己努力了，就可以成功的。是指这些人把自己的情况放在别人的表现上。故A正确。
【小题5】D 推理题。根据文章最后一段Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．和Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解)can we discover a new meaning in competition．说明我们不应该对于竞争有恐惧，要多参加这样的竞争。才能提高自己。
考点：考查议论文阅读
点评：本文主要讲述的是人们对于竞争的态度，有人认为竞争有很多的好处，也有人认为竞争有很多的坏处。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。