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    18．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
    I went shopping yesterday afternoon．It is seven o'clock when I was going home by bus．The bus was full of passengers，all of which kept silent．A mother with her little son was sitting nearby．All of sudden，the son cried loud．The mother tried to do what she could to make him stop crying．Thus，the son went on crying．After a long time，a man sitting next of the mother said angrily，"Why don't you give the child what he wants it．"The mother answered quietly，"I would if I could，and what he wants is your hat．"Heard this，all the passenger burst into laughter．

    分析 本文讲述了作者在公交车上所见到的一幕，一个孩子大哭不止，坐在一旁的一个人忍不住了，生气地对孩子的妈妈说："你为什么不给他他想要的东西？"，妈妈平静地回答："他想要的是你的帽子"．听到这里，车上的人都哄堂大笑．

    解答 I went shopping yesterday afternoon．It is seven o'clock when I was going home by bus．The bus was full of passengers，all of which kept silent．A mother with her little son was sitting nearby．All of∧sudden，the son cried loud．The mother tried to do what she could to make him stop crying．Thus，the son went on crying．After a long time，a man sitting next of the mother said angrily，"Why don't you give the child what he wants it．"The mother answered quietly，"I would if I could，and what he wants is your hat．"Heard this，all the passenger burst into laughter．
    详解：
    1．is改成was；考查动词的时态，这篇文章讲的是yesterday afternoon的事情，故用一般过去时．
    2．which改成whom；考查定语从句，这句话是"代词+介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句，先行词是passengers，指人，故which改成whom．
    3．of后面加a；考查固定短语，all of a sudden是固定搭配，意为"突然"．
    4．loud改成loudly；考查副词，此处用副词形式loudly作状语修饰动词cried．
    5．Thus改成However；考查句意关系，前面说妈妈努力让孩子不要哭，后面的句子说男孩继续哭，两句话是转折关系，故用表示转折关系的副词However．
    6．of改成to；考查固定短语，词组：next to意为"在…旁边"．故of改成to．
    7．去掉it；考查代词，what引导的是宾语从句，在宾语从句中what作宾语，it是多余的，故去掉it．
    8．and改成but；考查连词，前面妈妈说：如果我能我会做的，后面说：但是他要的是你的帽子．两句话是转折关系，故用but．
    9．Heard改成Hearing；考查分词作状语，这里用非谓语动词作状语，all the passengers和hear是主动关系，用现在分词作状语Hearing．
    10．passenger改成passengers；考查名词单复数，passenger是可数名词，和all搭配用复数passengers．

    点评 短文改错首先要通读全文，了解短文的中心思想，再分析句式结构，弄清句子间的结构关系，然后运用所掌握的语法，词汇等基本知识找出错误加以改正．

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