Question

【题目】 Some years ago, Michel-Andre found himself staring at the body of a dead whale on a beach in the Canary Islands. It was obvious that the animal had been struck violently by a ship——but why? Only later, after surveying the whales which lived in the area and measuring the increase of sound pollution from ships did it become clear that there was a link.

The whales had become desensitised to the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously. “We never thought that this could be something that could kill,” recalls (回忆) Andre, who is the director of the Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics at the Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona.

Andre has spent 20 years developing an advanced system to better understand why incidents like this happen. His underwater microphones have exposed a world of deafening sound and animal communication never observed with such clarity(清晰) before.

It was not an easy task. Sound waves don't travel through water in the uniform, predictable way they do through the air. Instead, the temperature, salinity (盐度) and, flow of water have great effects on their path.

What can be done? One solution is to change shipping routes to courses where ships are statistically less likely to meet animals. It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a whale.

As for dealing with the root cause of the problem, the UN’s International Maritime Organisation has already published guidelines on how to quieten ships, but it will be a while before the effects of such changes might be observed.

“The ocean is not our world,” comments Andre. But it is ours to look after. And thanks to his work, we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.

【1】What does the underlined word “desensitised” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.Stubborn.B.Flexible.C.Dull.D.Friendly.

【2】What’s one way to solve the problem according to the text?

A.To lower the speed of ships.

B.To reduce the number of ships.

C.To set up preserves under the sea.

D.To give the injured animals timely treatment.

【3】What is the author’s attitude towards what Michel Andre has done?

A.Doubtful.B.Disapproving.C.Positive.D.Uncaring.

【4】What is the text mainly about?

A.A great expert.B.Noise in the sea.

C.Animals in the sea.D.Sea exploration technology.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海底噪音对海洋生物的影响以及如何降低海底噪音的问题。

【1】词义猜测题。根据划线词后的the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously可知，鲸鱼被靠近的船只碰撞，因为它们可能是对船只所产生的噪音比较“迟钝”。故可知划线部分单词意思为“迟钝的”。A. Stubborn.固执的；B. Flexible.灵活的；C. Dull.迟钝的；D. Friendly.友好的。故选C。

【2】细节理解题。根据第五段中的It’s also possible to slow ships down to 18 km/h or less, which is less likely to seriously injure a whale.（也有可能将船只减速到每小时18公里或更少，这样就不太可能严重伤害鲸鱼。）可知，降低船只速度是文中提到的一种解决办法。故选A。

【3】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的And thanks to his work, we can better understand the effects of subsea sound pollution.（由于他的工作，我们可以更好地了解海底声音污染的影响。）可知，作者对Michel Andre所做的工作十分认可。故选C。

【4】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了海底噪音对海洋生物的影响以及如何降低海底噪音的问题，故B项最符合文章主旨。

词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为

① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。

② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。

③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。

④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。

⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。

比如本题1，根据划线词后的 the noise of approaching boats and were being struck by them, often seriously可知，鲸鱼被靠近的船只碰撞，因为它们可能是对船只所产生的噪音比较“迟钝”。故可知划线部分单词意思为“迟钝的”。A. Stubborn.固执的；B. Flexible.灵活的；C. Dull.迟钝的；D. Friendly.友好的。故选C。