18.You may have heard that a young man named Abner Doubleday invented the game known as baseball in Cooperstown,New York,during the summer of 1839.Doubleday then went on to become a Civil War hero,while baseball became America's beloved national pastime.The story is untrue.Actually,Doubleday was still at West Point,a military academy in 1839,and he never claimed to have anything to do with baseball.
In 1907,a special committee used weak evidence-namely the claims of one man,Abner Graves-to come up with the Doubleday origin story.The officials would rely on the myth's lasting power in the 1930s,when they established the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in the village.
As it turns out,the real history of baseball is a little more complex than the Doubleday story.References to games resembling baseball in the United States date back to the 18th century.Its most direct ancestors appear to be two English games:cricket (板球) and rounder-a children's game brought to New England by the earliest settlers.By the time of the American Revolution,variations (演变) of such games were being played on schoolyards and college campuses across the country.They became even more popular in newly industrialized cities where men sought work in the mid-19th century.In September 1845,a group of New York City men founded the New York Knickerbocker Baseball Club.One of them made a new set of rules that would form the basis for modern baseball.
Cartwright's changes made the game faster-paced and more challenging from older games like cricket.In 1846,the Knickerbockers played the first official game of baseball against a team of cricket players,beginning a new,uniquely American tradition.
28.What can we know according to the first paragraph?C
A.Baseball was invented by Abner Doubleday.
B.Abner Doubleday fought in the Civil War.
C.Doubleday stayed at West Point for some reason.
D.Doubleday said he had much to do with baseball.
29.Why did the Doubleday origin story come up?C
A.Because a special committee was founded.
B.Because Doubleday provided false evidence.
C.Because Abner Graves told a Doubleday story.
D.Because Abner Graves worked with Doubleday.
30.The real history of baseball isB.
A.much simpler than the Doubleday story
B.that baseball comes from two English games
C.about a children's game from New England
D.more interesting than that of rounder and cricket
31.It can be inferred from the passage thatA.
A.Doubleday might have been an army officer
B.Doubleday is the most respected in America
C.Doubleday in fact came from Britain
D.Doubleday invented rounder and cricket.
分析 现代棒球运动的起源说法不一.据有关专家考证认为:棒球运动起源于英国的板球(Cricket)和圆场球(Rounder),美国人亚历山大•乔伊•卡特赖德(Alexander Joy Cartwright)为统一名称和打法,制定了有史以来第一套棒球竞赛规则.
解答 28.C.推理判断题.根据文章第一段Doubleday was still at West Point in 1839,and he never claimed to haveanything to do with baseball.可知,在1839年Doubleday在西点.所以答案应为C.
29.C.细节理解题.根据文章第二段T In 1907,a special commission(委员会) created by the sporting goods merchant and former major league player A.J.Spalding used weak evidence-namely the claims of one man,mining engineer Abner Graves-to come up with the Doubleday origin story.可知最早是采矿工程师提出了关于Doubleday的传说.故答案应为C.
30.B.推理判断题.根据文章第三段As it turns out,the real history of baseball is a little more complex than the Doubleday story可知棒球的真正历史远远比Doubleday传说要复杂,棒球运动源于英国的板球和圆场球.故答案应为B.
31.A.推理判断题.根据文章第一段The story is untrue.Actually,Doubleday was still at West Point,a military academy in 1839,and he never claimed to have anything to do with baseball可知,Doubleday曾经在美国著名的西点军校呆过,那么他很可能是一名军人.故答案应为A.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.