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        Language is always changing. In a society where life continues year after year with few changes, the language does not change either. The earliest known languages had difficult grammar but a small, limited vocabulary. Over the century, the grammar changed, and the vocabulary grew. For example, the English and Spanish people who came to America during the sixteenth century gave names to all the new plants and animals they found. In this way, hundreds of new words were introduced into English and Spanish vocabularies. Today life is changing very fast, and language is changing fast too.
    There are several major language families in the world. Some scientists say there are nine main families, but other scientists divide them differently. The languages in each family are connected, and scientists think that they came from the same parent language. About 3 percent of the people in the world speak languages that are not in these major families. （词数155）
    小题1:The early language had ________.
    A．a lot of problemsB．words and easy grammar
    C．words but no grammar D．grammar but not many words
    小题2: In the next few hundred years we can expect language to _____.
    A．stay exactly the sameB．change a great deal
    C．change only a littleD．ask more words and drop some grammar
    小题3:What this article shows is that _____.
    A．languages change fastB．languages really don't want to change
    C．language really with changes in society D．Spanish and English change

    小题1:D
    小题2:B
    小题3:C
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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling．Recycling in the home is very important of course．However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need．We are dealing with the results of that over–consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place．
    The total amount of packaging has increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005．It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK．In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard．
    Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment．The UK, for example, is running out of it for burying this unnecessary waste．If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect．Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy．The solution is not to produce such items in the first place．Food waste is a serious problem, too．Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need．However, few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example．
    But this is not just about supermarkets．It is about all of us．We have learned to associate packaging with quality．We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality．This is especially true of food．But it is also applied to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary．
    There are signs of hope．As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary materials are collected．We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb．
    小题1:What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?
    A．Using too much packaging．
    B．Recycling too many wastes．
    C．Making more products than necessary．
    D．Having more material than is needed．
    小题2:The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show ___________．
    A．the tendency of cutting household waste
    B．the increase of packaging recycling
    C．the rapid growth of supermarkets
    D．the fact of packaging overuse
    小题3:According to the text, recycling ___________．
    A．helps control the greenhouse effect
    B．means burning packaging for energy
    C．is the solution to gas shortage
    D．leads to a waste of land
    小题4:What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
    A．Unpackaged products are of bad quality．
    B．Supermarkets care more about packaging．
    C．It is improper to judge quality by packaging．
    D．Other products are better packaged than food．

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Have you ever heard a news reporter talk about DNA? Reporters talk about DNA found at the scene of a crime. They talk about police finding DNA “fingerprints.” Police sometimes use DNA as a clue to find out who committed the crime.
    DNA is a substance（物质） that makes up genes. Everything alive has genes. Plans have genes. Animals have genes. You have genes.
    Genes are the basic units of heredity（遗传）. Heredity means all the characteristics you inherit from your parents. You get your genes from your parents. You inherit half of your genes from your mother. You inherit half of your genes from your father.
    Genes are a kind of code. A tree’s genes tell what shape its leaves will be. A cat’s genes tell what color its fur will be. Your genes tell what color your eyes will be. Your genes tell what color your hair will be. Everything about you comes from the code in your genes.
    Genes line up on strands（链） called chromosomes（染色体） in cells. Everything alive is made up of cells. Chromosomes are in the center, or nucleus, of cells.
    Different parts of you are made of different kinds of cells. Your muscles are made of muscle celIs. Your skin is made of skin cells. The code in your genes tells your body to make different kinds of cells. The genes in each cell tell the cell how to work. They tell the cell when to make new copies of itself.
    An Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel first saw inherited patterns in pea plants. He experimented with pea plants in the 1860s. One of the things, or traits（特质）， Mendel studied was what makes some pea plants tall and some short. He said that the traits must come from units of heredity passed from the parent plants. These units were later called genes.
    In the mid-1900s, scientists discovered that genes are made of DNA. In the 1970s, scientists learned how to change DNA with genetic engineering. Scientists also learned that problems with certain genes cause diseases. Muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, and hemophilia are some genetic diseases-diseases caused by problems in genes. Today, scientists are looking for ways to cure genetic diseases by changing genes through a process called gene therapy.
    小题1: What is DNA?
    A．DNA is a kind of gene.
    B．DNA is a substance that makes up genes.
    C．DNA is the basic unit of heredity.
    D．DNA is a measure to protect crime.
    小题2: Which of the following about genes is correct according to the passage?
    A．Plants, animals and human beings have the same genes.
    B．Half people inherit all genes from their mother, others from their father.
    C．Genes decide the trees shapes, the cats’ fur color and our eyes’ color as well.
    D．Genes will give you a code when you need them.
    小题3:Where are genes?
    A．Genes lining up on strands called chromosomes are in the center of cells.
    B．Genes hide in everything alive in your body.
    C．Genes can be nowhere but in your mind, controlling all your actions.
    D．Genes travel in your body and help cope skin, muscle, and eyes.
    小题4:An Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel         .
    A．first saw inherited patterns in people
    B．was interested in why plants were different
    C．first called the units of heredity from parents genes
    D．was the first who discovered genes
    小题5: We can conclude that         .
    A．scientists were less intelligent than monks in 1900s
    B．some genes are bad and can cause diseases
    C．we don’t need to worry about genetic diseases any longer
    D．the discovery of genes may be of great help in our daily life

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Learners of English, especially self-taught learners may have trouble in understanding the speeches made by native speakers. The following ways might help improve your listening skills.
    First of all, do things step by step. It is not good to listen to something beyond your level. Better choose a suitable course and start with the first book. Don’t go on to the second book until you are sure you understand the first one.
    Secondly, keep studying one course. Don’t change books often. Never let your attention be attracted by another course just because it seems to be more popular.
    Thirdly, listen to the English news over the radio from time to time. Better look through the news stories in Chinese-language newspapers first. That will make it easier for you to understand the English news on the radio.
    Fourthly, if you have time, listen to some interesting stories in Special English from the V.O.A or other listening materials of the same level as those of your textbook.
    76. 小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about?
    A．How to speak English correctly.B．How to read fast.
    C．How to improve your writing skills.D．How to improve your listening skills.
    77. 小题2:What does the underlined part “beyond your level” mean?
    A．Easy for you.B．Too difficult for you.
    C．Just all right for you.D．Neither difficult nor easy for you.
    78. 小题3:What should you do if you want to understand the English news on the radio?
    A. Practise speaking very often.    
    B. Read the news stories in Chinese-language newspapers first.
    C. Listen to some interesting stories in Special English from the V,O.A.
    D. Ask others to explain it to you.
    79. 小题4:How many pieces of advice does the writer give?
    A．FourB．Three.C．Two.D．Many.
    80. 小题5:Which of the following is NOT right?
    A．English learners may have difficulty in understanding native English.
    B．To improve our listening skills, we should choose popular courses from time to time.
    C．Chinese-language newspapers are good for us to understand the English news on the radio..
    D．We can only improve our listening skills step by step.

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed”? Read the following directions and see if you understand them.
    To reduce pain, take two tablets with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night time and early morning relief take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.
    For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount. For children under six years old, ask your doctor’s advice.
    Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine.
    小题1: How many tablets at most can a person over 12 have in 24 hours?
    A．ThreeB．FourC．SixD．Eight
    小题2:How many tablets should a nine-year-old child normally take in 24 hours?
    A．Half a tabletB．One tabletC．Two tabletsD．Four tablets
    小题3: What is the advice for one who can not sleep well after taking the medicine?
    A．Stop taking the medicine at bedtimeB．Continue to take the normal amount
    C．Take more than the normal amountD．Take less than the normal amount
    小题4: It can be inferred from the directions that this medicine ___________ .
    A．helps you to fall asleep quicklyB．may be dangerous to small children
    C．cannot be taken if one feels sleepy D．should not be taken by children under six
    小题5:This text is most probably taken from a _____________ .
    A．textbookB．newsreelC．doctor’s notebookD．bottle of medicine

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    People say teenagers are no good. They make too much noise in shopping malls; they drive carelessly up and down America’s main streets. And at least some of the time those things are true. But we shouldn’t forget that there are hard moments in the life of a teenager too.
    I watched such a moment not long ago at a woman’s funeral which happened in a church. A teenage grandson stepped forward. Softly he began:“ I want to share a few values that Nana taught me. She never failed to see light in any situation. When our family dog would attack her, what would Nana say? ‘Oh, what beautiful markings that dog has.’ That was Nana.
    “She was a strong woman who often lived in the shadow of my grandpa, who was a successful businessman in this city. But she was the one behind the scenes who provided the strength and support for Grandpa’s career,” he said, with a voice now trembling. “That was Nana’s way.”
    Finally, in a voice breaking free of sorrow, he looked up and said, “Nana taught me courage. She put up a fight to the end, when she died peacefully, which is how she lived her life. That was Nana’s way, and I hope I can carry on in the same manner.”
    There are no hearts as sensitive as those of teenagers, because everything is happening to them for the first time. The trouble with teenagers is that they haven’t learned to be controlled. When that boy rose to speak about the woman who had been his dearest friend, his honest voice dragged each of us out into the open where we could no longer hide. I was moved and learned a lot.
    小题1:According to the first paragraph, ______.
    A．young people are living a hard life
    B．people don’t think highly of the teenagers
    C．people shouldn’t forget the young people
    D．young people should keep quiet before the public
    小题2: From the boy’s speech, we know his grandmother ______.
    A．was a weak woman living in the shadow of his grandpa
    B．liked dogs very much even if they often attacked her
    C．could see everything around her though she was old
    D．had great influence over the boy when she was alive
    小题3:We can infer from the passage that the boy ______.
    A．was filled with sadness and gave up finishing his talk
    B．was always very good at expressing himself
    C．practiced a lot in order to give a moving speech
    D．had great difficulty in accepting the loss of Nana
    小题4:The writer wanted to tell the readers ______.
    A．the young people were too weak to face certain facts
    B．the young people have learned to control themselves
    C．the adults could learn something valuable from the young
    D．the adults should teach the young how to deal with the death

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解



    Besides calling 911, here is what to do in some life-threatening emergencies when no oneis

             

     
    around to help.

    Lost in the wilderness
    First, you’ve got to acknowledge you’re in trouble. Stay where
    you can be seen clearly and remember to rest. Keeping a sense
    of humor helps too—it reduces stress and helps creative thinking.
    In a wide open area, make a colorful cross out of rocks to show
    your present position.

     

     
    Choking

    Aim to hit the top of the chair against your stomach, in the soft part
    below the bony upside-down V of the ribs（肋骨）. Make a sudden
    push against the chair. If you still can’t breathe after six tries, call 911,
    even if you can’t talk. Write the word choking somewhere nearby, and
    leave the line open until help arrives.


     
    Severe bleeding

    Use your hand or clean cotton, or paper towels, or a scarf,
    or any cloth you can find, and push down on the wound
    until the bleeding stops. But if you put a band around
    your leg tightly, you’re going to close the vessels（血管）
    to the entire leg. In this way, you could lose your foot.
    Bear attack


     
    If you surprise a bear, don’t run away. That invites an attack.

    Instead, stand up and back away slowly, without looking the
    bear in the eyes. If it does charge at you, stick out your chest,
    raise your arms, and spread your legs. Shout at the bear, to
    frighten it. If it’s going to attack, lie facedown, with your hands
    held firmly behind your neck. Play dead until you’re sure the bear
    is gone.
    小题1:When you see a colorful cross made of rocks in the wilderness, you know    .
    A．someone is bleedingB．someone is choking
    C．someone is lostD．someone is attacked by a bear
    小题2:If you are still choking after six tries, you should         .
    A．keep a sense of humorB．call 911 and leave the line open
    C．use your hand our clean cottonD．lie down with your hands behind your neck
    小题3:Don’t tie around your bleeding leg tightly, or you could        .
    A．stop bleedingB．reduce stress
    C．lose your footD．cause breathlessness
    小题4:The passage is mainly teaching us how to      .
    A．survive the emergenciesB．avoid a bear attack
    C．deal with a chokeD．find our way

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    科目：高中英语 来源：不详 题型：阅读理解

    LAS VEGAS (AFP) — Children may not like it but a British technology firm has invented an electronic babysitter -- a wristwatch-like device that lets parents know where their children are at all times.
    The GPS Child Locator, or num8, attaches securely to a child’s wrist and contains a Global Positioning System (GPS), said Matthew Salmon, a spokesman for the manufacturer, lok8u.
    "It uses GPS and GSM (Global System for Mobiles) technology with an accuracy of 10 feet (three meters)," he said. "It tracks your child."
    "It only starts working when the device is connected to the child’s wrist," Salmon said, and is "very difficult to get off."
    "Even if the child managed to get it off it would send an emergency text message through to your mobile phone," he said. "It would give you a Google Maps image with their exact location, the street name and the zip code."
    When a child is wearing the device, a parent sends the text message "wru" and the child’s current location is sent back to a mobile phone or computer.
    Parents can also log on to the company website to discover their child’s present location.
    "You can also set up a perimeter, an invisible fence, and if they wander out of this invisible fence which you put on the Internet it will warn you," Salmon said. "It will text you immediately."
    Salmon said the device is waterproof and shockproof and lasts for three days with a full charge.
    It will be available in both Britain and the United States this year and retails for 200 dollars with a 10 dollar a month subscription fee.
    He said the company had received thousands of inquiries about the device since launching it this week. "Fifty percent are positive, 50 percent are negative, that it’s a bit Big Brotherish," he said. "But it’s really just about letting you have freedom of mind."
    小题1:Only when       does the device begin to work.
    A．it uses GPS and GSM technologyB．it is put within about 3 meters
    C．it’s joined to parents’ computerD．it is fastened to the child’s wrist
    小题2:If a child is wearing the “wristwatch”, parents can track them by      .
    A．sending the text message “wru”B．replying to the text message
    C．getting a Google Maps pictureD．phoning the local police station
    小题3:What Can we conclude from the text?
    A．It won’t be easily found if a child loses t11e device
    B．The device won’t work while a child is swimming
    C．Parents can easily track children due to the device
    D．The new product needs to be fully charged daily
    小题4:The purpose of the text is to      .
    A．explain how to use the new device
    B．attract more buyers to the new product
    C．discuss advantages of a new invention
    D．introduce a new electronic equipment

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