People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you’re wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆). Here, people are learning on special climbing walls. The climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet.
How do people climb the wall? To climb, you need special shoes and a harness(保护带) around your chest to hold you. There are ropes(绳索)tied to your harness. The ropes hold you in place so that you don’t fall. A beginner’s wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes it’s easy to see the new piece of metal. Sometimes, it’s not. The most difficult is to control your fear. It’s normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so it’s difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the wall, the harness and the ropes hold you, and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top.
Climbing attracts people because it’s good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger.
【小题1】What can we infer from the passage?
| A．People are fairly interested in climbing nowadays. |
| B．It is impossible to build up one’s body by climbing. |
| C．People can only learn the skill of climbing outdoors. |
| D．It is always easy to see holding places in climbing. |
| A．to tie ropes to your harness | B．to control your fear |
| C．to move away from the wall | D．to climb straight up |
| A．settlement | B．exercise |
| C．excitement | D．tiredness |
| A．To tell people where to find gyms. |
| B．To prove the basic need for climbing |
| C．To encourage people to climb mountains. |
| D．To introduce the sport of wall climbing |
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【小题5】B
解析试题分析：文章主要讲的是攀爬这种新的运动形式。这种运动可以在体育馆就能实现。人们用一种特制的墙壁，加上一些突出的部分，来辅助攀爬。
【小题1】根据“People believe that climbing can do good to health...Many Americans are learning to climb”可知，人们认为攀爬有利于健康。许多美国人正在学习攀爬。故选A。
【小题2】根据第二段“The most difficult is to control your fear.”可知，最难的是控制自己的恐惧心理。故选B。
【小题3】根据“it’s good exercise...use your whole body, especially your arms and legs...gives your body a complete”可知，攀爬能很好的锻炼到全身，特别是手臂和腿。Workout是一个合成词，是“锻炼”的意思。故选B。
【小题4】根据第一段“Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you’re wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆). Here, people are learning on special climbing walls. The climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet.”可知，文章主要向读者介绍一种新的运动方式--爬墙。故选D。
【小题5】文章主要讲的是锻炼身体的重要性，着重介绍了攀岩这种运动方式，攀岩有助于身心健康。A科学书；B体育杂志；C研究报告；D体育历史书。这里没有讲述体育的历史，排除D。故选B。
考点：体育类短文阅读
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
What is TOVIAZ?
TOVIAZ is a medicine used in adults to treat the symptoms of a condition called overactive bladder（膀胱）.
Who is TOVIAZ for?
Adults 18 years older with symptoms of overactive bladder.
Don’t take TOVIAZ if you:
★ Your stomach empties slowly.
★ Have eye problems.
★ Are allergic to any ingredients of TOVIAZ.
Possible side effects of TOVIAZ
★ Dry mouth.
★ Constipation
★ Dry eyes.
★ Trouble empting the bladder
These aren’t all possible side effects of TOVIAZ. For a complete list, ask your doctor.
How to take TOVIAZ:
★ Your doctor may give you the lower 4mg dose of TOVIAZ if you have severe kidney problem.
★ Take TOVIAZ with liquid and swallow the tablet whole. Do not chew, divide or crush the tablet.
★ You can take TOVIAZ with or without food.
★ If you miss a dose of TOVIAZ, start taking it again the next day.
Things you should keep in mind when taking TOVIAZ:
★ Decreased sweating and severe heat illness can occur when medicines such as TOVIAZ are used in hot environments.
★ Drinking alcohol while taking TOVIAZ may cause increased sleepiness.
【小题1】What is the main purpose of the passage?
| A．To show the importance of taking proper medicine. |
| B．To present a report on a scientific research. |
| C．To give information about a kind of medicine. |
| D．To teach patients ways of recovery from illness. |
| A．kidney problem | B．stomach problem |
| C．dry mouth or eyes | D．overactive bladder |
| A．There are only four possible side effects of TOVIAZ. |
| B．It’s suggested that TOVIAZ be used for adults 18 years older. |
| C．You can take TOVIAZ when you are allergic to few of its ingredients. |
| D．You may feel excited while eating TOVIAZ with alcohol. |
| A．If you miss a dose of, do take it right away on the same day. |
| B．It’s OK to take it with food or without food. |
| C．Chew the tablet well before you swallow it. |
| D．Use TOVIAZ in hot environment to cure heat illness. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Walking is the exercise of choice for most dieters. You don't need a gym membership to do this effective exercise. Here's how to prepare:
The only equipment you really need is a decent pair of walking shoes. What matters most is comfort. When you're shopping for shoes:
●Wear the socks you plan to exercise in. That way you'll get the best fit.
●Try on both shoes. Most people's feet aren't exactly the same size. Choose a pair that fits your larger foot.
●Allow a little extra room. Feet swell when you walk, so buy a pair with about a thumb's width between your longest toe and the toe of the shoe.
Sure, walking comes naturally. But the following tips will help you stay comfortable and get the most out of your walk:
●Look ahead. Keep your neck straight and your head held high. If you have to look down to see where you're going, lower your eyes, not your head.
●Move both arms. Let your arms swing naturally at your sides, and you'll burn up to 15 percent more calories by keeping your arms moving.
●Don't carry unnecessary weight. Some people try to get in extra exercise by carrying a couple of light dumbbells(哑铃), but fitness-walking experts say that's risky: The weights can pull you off balance and tighten muscles in your back or legs.
Walking is one of the safest activities. Still, the following tips may be helpful:
●If you're walking at night, wear a piece of reflective clothing.
●If the path is dimly lit, bring a good flashlight.
●When the weather's hot, be sure to drink some water before you set out and better take a bottle of water with you if you plan to walk quite a long time.
●If your path is rough, protect your ankles. Consider wearing a comfortable bandage for support.
【小题1】According to the text, which of the following is correct?
| A．Wearing a piece of reflective clothing can make you look smart. |
| B．Moving both arms while walking can help you lose more weight. |
| C．You should buy shoes with a little extra space for your smaller foot. |
| D．Losing weight by walking is always easy and effective without any danger. |
| A．a, b, c, d, e, f | B．a, c, d, e, f | C．a, b, d, e, f | D．a, d, e, f |
| A．He/She once got his/her legs injured while walking carrying light dumb-bells. |
| B．He/She might live in a small town with dimly lit streets. |
| C．He/She needs just a decent pair of walking shoes while walking. |
| D．He/She is quite experienced in the exercise of walking. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, the attitudes to dirt are always changing.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, and washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief above was longlived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
【小题1】The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ________.
| A．they believed disease could be spread in public baths |
| B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in |
| C．they lived healthily in a dirty environment |
| D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease |
| A．Approving. | B．Afraid. | C．Curious. | D．Uninterested. |
| A．By providing examples. |
| B．By making comparisons. |
| C．By following the order of importance. |
| D．By following the order of time. |
| A．To stress the role of dirt. |
| B．To introduce the history of dirt. |
| C．To present the change of views on dirt. |
| D．To call attention to the danger of dirt. |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Even a small reduction in salt in the diet can be a big help to the heart. A new study used a computer model to predict how just three grams less a day would affect heart disease in the United States.
The result: 10% fewer heart attacks, 8% fewer strokes, 4% fewer deaths, 11% fewer new cases of heart disease, and 240 billion dollars in health care savings.
Researchers found it could prevent 100,000 heart attacks and 92,000 deaths every year.
The study is in the New England Journal of Medicine. Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo at the University of California, San Francisco was the lead author. She says people would not even notice a difference in taste with three grams, or one half teaspoon, less salt per day. The team also included researchers at Stanford and Columbia University.
Each gram of salt contains four hundred milligrams of sodium（钠）, which is how foods may list their salt content.
The government says the average American man ears ten grams of salt a day. The American Heart Association advises no more than three grams for healthy people. It says salt in the American diet has increased fifty percent since the nineteen seventies, while blood pressures have also rise. Less salt can mean a lower blood pressure.
New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is leading effort called the National Salt Reduction Initiative. The idea is to put pressure on food companies and restaurants. Critics call it government interference.
Mayor Bloomberg has already succeeded in other areas, like requiring fast food places in the city to list calorie information. Now a study by the Seattle Children’s Research Institute show that the calorie information on the menu can influence what parents order for their children.
【小题1】According to the passage, what disease is not related to salt in diet?
| A．Cancer. | B．Stroke. | C．Blood pressure. | D．Heart attack. |
| A．all the heart diseases result from eating too much salt |
| B．the American Heart association suggest less than 3 grams of salt a day for everyone |
| C．how much salt is contained in certain food is measured by the amount of sodium |
| D．the less salt one eats, the healthier he will be |
| A．attract the public attention to the problem |
| B．require fast food places to list salt information |
| C．inform people of the harm that salt does to health |
| D．put pressure on food companies and restaurants |
| A．Bloomberg has made some other efforts to improve people’s health |
| B．Bloomberg is very successful in his career |
| C．parents must pay great attention to calorie information |
| D．a new study is being done about calorie information |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
In today's fast-paced (快节奏) society, few people take time to enjoy the midday meal．Most of us just rush right through it. We grab a quick salad, or buy a sandwich and eat at our computers, Sometimes, if there is a deadline around the corner, we just skip lunch．
The development of technology hasn't done our eating habits much good either．We are constantly distracted by e-mail, social media, and 24 - hour news．Even when we do sit down for lunch, we are more connected to our hand - held electronic devices．
Long working hours can cause all kinds of health problems, and many developed countries have put in place labor laws specifically regarding the lunch break．These laws give employees the right to take a break during a long work shift, but it's up to them whether they do so or not．
Frank Partnoy, a former Wall Street trader, says that employers should encourage workers to take time off for lunch．This is because long lunch breaks can benefit both individuals and society.
Writing in The Guardian, Partnoy says that one obvious reason to take a lunch break is to slow down and gain some perspective（认识）． A break from work allows us to think strategically and outside the box．It also puts our daily tasks into a broader context（背景）．
What we eat at lunch is also important．In Partnoy' s opinion, a fast food lunch is more harmful than not having lunch at all． And it's not just about calories and unhealthy food．Recent studies show that fast food also has negative effects on how we think．
However, if we sit down at a proper restaurant and chat leisurely with colleagues, we are more likely to slow down, something that hardly can be achieved in a noisy and over — packed fast food chain．
Despite these benefits, some employees might still be unwilling to take time off for lunch．Partnoy's suggestion? Make skipping lunch difficult: Employers could ask workers to fill out a form stating their reasons for skipping the meal．
【小题1】What does the underlined phrase "skip lunch" mean in the first paragraph?
| A．have a quick lunch | B．don't have lunch |
| C．work while having lunch | D．take a lunch break |
| A．Modern technology results in good diet habits． |
| B．Electronic devices make our life comfortable． |
| C．Many people are too busy to have a good lunch． |
| D．Laws have passed to make workers have lunch． |
| A．are time for the workers to relax their mind |
| B．make the employees work longer hours |
| C．are for employees to have a quick lunch |
| D．make the workers eat a proper lunch at home |
| A．saves a lot of time for a rest |
| B．affects people's way of thinking |
| C．is better than having no lunch |
| D．makes workers sit down and think |
| A．To warn us not to eat fast food． |
| B．To introduce Frank Partnoy's opinion． |
| C．To encourage us to work more efficiently． |
| D．To show the importance of a proper lunch． |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
WASHINGTON－School lunches have been called many things, but a group of retired military officers is giving them a new label: national security threat.
That's not a reference to the mystery meat served up in the cafeteria line either. The retired officers are saying that school lunches have helped make the nation's young people so fat that fewer of them can meet the military's physical fitness standards, and recruitment will be difficult.
A new report being released Tuesday says more than 9 million young adults, or 27 percent of all Americans ages 17 to 24, are too overweight to join the military. Now, the officers are advocating for passage of a wideranging nutrition bill that aims to make the nation's school lunches healthier.
The military group acknowledges that other things keep young adults out of the armed services, such as a criminal record or the lack of a high school diploma. But weight problems that have worsened over the past 15 years are now the leading medical reason that recruits are rejected.
Although all branches of the military now meet or exceed recruitment goals, retired Navy Rear Adm. James Barnett Jr., a member of the officers group, says the obesity trend could affect that.
“When over a quarter of young adults are too fat to fight, we need to take notice，” Barnett said. He noted that national security in the year 2030 is “absolutely dependent” on reversing child obesity rates.
This isn't the first time the military has gotten involved in the debate over school lunches. During World War Ⅱ， military leaders had the opposite problem, reporting that many recruits were rejected because of stunted growth and inadequate nutrition. After the war, military leaders pushed Congress to establish the national school lunch program so children would grow up healthier.
Today, the group is urging Congress to eliminate junk food and highcalorie beverages from schools, put more money into the school lunch program and develop new strategies that help children develop healthier habits.
【小题1】What is the main problem of the lunches in schools according to the military officers?
| A．The meat in the lunches is mysterious. |
| B．The lunches are too expensive. |
| C．The lunches contain too much fat. |
| D．There is inadequate nutrition in the lunches. |
| A．slow in mind | B．state of being fat |
| C．quick in movement | D．lack of confidence |
| A．The lunches in American schools are not very healthy. |
| B．During World War Ⅱ，many people could not join the army because of overweight. |
| C．According to the author , overweight was the key reason why many recruits were rejected. |
| D．By now, Congress hasn't eliminated junk food and highcalorie beverages from schools. |
| A．School lunches: a national security threat? |
| B．National security in danger ? |
| C．Retired officers tired of school lunches |
| D．The recruitment of 2030 |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Was the London Olympics a success? Many people hold different opinions. However one thing is certain, London could win a gold medal for hosting the “greenest” Games ever, BBC News reported.
Previous Olympic hosts have been criticized for the environmental damage they have caused through construction, waste. and transport. But things had to be different in London because seven years ago it bid for the Olympics through the concept of “a One Planet Olympics”.
What is most impressive is that London used the construction of the Olympic Park as an opportunity to clean up polluted areas — 2 million tons of contaminated (被污染的) soil were removed and 200 old factory buildings, were torn down, according to sustainablebusiness.com. But that’s not all —. 99 percent of the debris (废瓦砾) were reused to build the Olympic Park. For example, part of the Olympic Stadium’s roof is made from 2,500 tons of steel tubes recycled from old gas pipelines.
As well as using recycled materials, all venues were built with green building techniques. The Olympic Stadium is the lightest one ever built, which minimized the amount of steel and concrete needed. Also, the handball field has lighting pipes on the roof that reduce electricity use by 40 percent, according to sustainablebusiness.com.
The effort that London made to deal with waste also deserves praise. Water used for drinking and watering plants was from collected rainwater or recycled wastewater. In this way. about 30-40 percent less water was used in total. Waste food packages were either recycled or processed and turned into renewable energy.
As one of the best connected places in Europe, London tried to solve traffic jams by encouraging the use of public transport. For example, it had trains deliver half of the building materials, instead of cars, which greatly reduced carbon emissions.
The clean anti-doping (反兴奋剂) result also added to the greenness of the Games. The International Olympics Committee (IOC) said that the devices used this time were the most accurate and advanced. Only one athlete tested positive for a banned drug on the day of competing, which is why the IOC President, Jacques Rogge, has praised anti-doping efforts at the London Games.
【小题1】To make the Olympic Park green, London _______.
| A．recycled 2 million tons of contaminated soil |
| B．removed 99 percent of the debris from the city |
| C．built the Olympic Stadium mostly with recycled materials |
| D．applied green building techniques to the construction work |
| A．increased as much as possible |
| B．reduced as much as possible |
| C．made good use of |
| D．took little notice |
| A．The London Olympics cost less than the other Olympics ever held. |
| B．London has possessed the most advanced techniques to deal with waste. |
| C．Public transport is made good use of in London during the Olympic games. |
| D．The anti-doping result in the London Olympics turned out to be dissatisfactory. |
| A．How to deal with the anti-doping |
| B．How to use recycled materials |
| C．London’s green games |
| D．London’s public transport |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? When you select your career, there's a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality, it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job’s pay. There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few of those main areas;
1) Do you prefer working alone or with other people?
There are isolating jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy. Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.
2) How do you handle change?
Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them, but some are more than others. If you need stability in your life, you may need a job where the changes don't happen so often. Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.
3) Do you enjoy working with computers？
I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic. There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day. Again, these are extremes and you'll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.
4) What type of work environment do you enjoy？
This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you won't know immediately to a smaller setting where you'll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.
5) How do you like to get paid?
Some people are motivated by the pay they get, while others feel too stressed to be like that. The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this.
Anyway, these are a great starting point for you. I've seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love. It may take you a little longer, but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.
【小题1】What is unnecessary in your job hunting?
| A．Assessing your skills |
| B．Going to different areas |
| C．Matching your skills with a position |
| D．taking your personality into consideration |
| A．Isolating jobs usually drive people mad. |
| B．Interactive jobs make people shy easily. |
| C．Extreme people tend to work with others. |
| D．Almost everyone has a tendency in jobs. |
| A．Before you select your job, you should assess your skills and match them with your position |
| B．There are more important things than assessing skills and match them with the position when you select job. |
| C．Nothing is important than assessing skills and match them with the position when you select job. |
| D．You should ignore your skills when you select job. |
| A．Lifestyles and Job Pay | B．Jobs and Environment |
| C．Job Skills and Abilities | D．Personalities and Jobs |
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