Question

4．The African elephant，the largest land animal remaining on earth，is of great importance to African ecosystem（生态系统）．Unlike other animals，the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment．As a big plant-eater，it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna（大草原）surroundings in which it lives，therefore setting the termsof existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat．
It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat．In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day，it kills small trees and underbushes，and pulls branches off big trees．This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas．In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters．
Take the rain forests for example．In their natural state，the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor．By pulling down trees and eating plants，elephants make open spaces，allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor．In such situations，the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well．
What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species．If the elephant disappears，scientists say，many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna，greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem．

29．What is the passage mainly about？B
A．Disappearance of African elephants．
B．The effect of African elephants'search for food．
C．Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants．
D．The eating habit of African elephants．
30．What does the underlined phrase"setting the terms"most probably mean？C
A．Worsening the state．
B．Improving the quality．
C．Deciding the conditions．
D．Fixing the time．
31．What do we know about the open spaces in the passage？A
A．They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds．
B．They result from the destruction of rain forests．
C．They provide food mainly for African elephants．
D．They are home to many endangered animals．

Answer 1

分析 主要讲述的是非洲大象对非洲生态的影响，如果非洲大象消失，很多其他的动物也会随之消失，整个生态系统也随之发生变化．

解答 C篇：BCA
29．B 主旨大意题．根据文章最后一句If the elephant disappears，scientists say，many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna，greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem．可知如果非洲大象消失，很多其他的动物也会随之消失，整个生态系统也随之发生变化．再根据文章2、3段叙述可知本文主要主要讲述的是非洲大象对非洲生态的影响．故B正确．
30． C 猜测词义题．根据前两种句Unlike other animals，the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment．As a big plant-eater，it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna（大草原）surroundings in which it lives，非洲大象是大草原环境的奠基者，它们对草原的环境起着决定性作用．所以本句therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat．中的下划线部分意为C项"Deciding the conditions．"
31．A  推理判断题．根据第三段最后两句By pulling down trees and eating plants，elephants make open spaces，allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor．In such situations，the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well．可知大象把大树推倒，创造出更多的空地，让一些适合在空地中生长的植物成长，让森林适合更多的食草动物生存．故A正确．

点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是，仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案，这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱．所谓阅读理解，对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文，因此，每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查，再得出答案．也就是说，阅读理解的每一道题目，在原文都应该有明确的出处，我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句，（1）排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项（2）排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项 （3）排除用于过于极端或负面的选项（4）注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除．